Calcium has been implicated as a primary pathogenetic mediator of cellular injury under conditions of oxygen and substrate deprivation in the kidney aswell as other tissues. It has been proposed that calcium entry from the external medium increases intracellular free calcium to toxic levels there-by converting cellular injury from a potentially reversible to an irreversible state. Cellular calcium homeostasis is a fundamental prerequisite for many coordinate cellular functions. The regulation of cellular Ca++ -metabolism is maintained mainly by Ca++ -ATPase. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of ischemia on the subcellular specific activity of Ca++ -ATPase of renal tissues in the rabbits. 1. In both normal cortical and medullary tissues, the specific activities Ca++ -ATPase were higher in mitochondria than in cytosol. 2. In cortical tissue, the specific activities of mitochondrial Ca++ -ATPase were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. But the specific activities were decreased comparing to those of control under hypothermia, and the activities were not different with those of control in Verapamil treated group. 3. The specific activities of Ca++ -ATPase of cortical cytosol were increased as in mitochondria under normothermia. And the activities were similar with those of control in hypothermic and Verapamil treated groups. 4. In medullary tissues, the specific activities of mitochondrial Ca++ -ATPase were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. In Verapamil treated group, the activities were decreased comparing to those of control. And there was no difference of activities between hypothermia and control groups. 5. As in cortical tissues, the specific activities of Ca++ -ATPase of medullary, cytosol were increased in normothermic group. And the activities were similar with those of control in hypothermic and Verapamil treated groups. Above results suggested that calcium contents of mitochondria and cytosol were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. Hypothermia and Verapamil treatment seemed to be beneficial effects in prevention of calcium accumulation in the renal tissues.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Calcium ; Cytosol ; Homeostasis ; Hypothermia ; Ischemia* ; Kidney ; Mitochondria ; Oxygen ; Rabbits* ; Subcellular Fractions* ; Verapamil

No abstract available.

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma accounts for about 10 to 15 percent of all such tumors and the combination of pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis is rare. We report an unusual case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma causing renal artery stenosis which was developed in a 11-year-old boy and the literatures were reviewed.
Child ; Humans ; Male ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery*

The relationship between the intestinal histopathology and number and position of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed chronologically in the small intestine of rats experimentally infected with Metagonimus yokogawai. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were orally infected each with 3,000 metacecariae, and 3 were kept uninfected for controls. Three rats each were sacrificed on the day 5, 10, 15, 24 and 70 post-infection (PI) and samples of the small intestine, 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 70 cm posterior to the pylorus were taken. The samples were processed routinely and stained with Giemsa. The intestinal histopathology was severe during the day 5-15 PI and characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and decrease of villus/crypt height ratio. After the day 24 PI, the intestinal lesions showed some tendency of recovery. The number of IEL increased at the early stage of infection, but decreased thereafter to a lower level than that of controls, with progression of the pathological changes. Then, the IEL number began to increase again after the day 24 PI. In control rats, the great majority of the IEL were located at the basal region of the epithelium. During the early stage of infection, however, a considerable proportion of IEL was found to have moved to the intermediate or apical region of the epithelium. From the above results, it is suggested that the change of IEL number and position during the course of M. yokogawai infection should be closely related to the progression and recovery of the intestinal histopathology.
English-Abstract ; Epithelium-pathology ; Rats- ; Rats,-Sprague-Dawley ; Time-Factors ; *Heterophyidae- ; *Intestinal-Diseases,-Parasitic-pathology ; *Intestines-pathology ; *Lymphocytes-pathology ; *Trematode-Infections-pathology

Accurate analysis of urinary calculi is fundamental for study of the etiology of stone formation and essential for treatment of urinary stone and its prevention. Among various methods for stone analysis, infrared spectroscopy analysis may be an ideal method to determine the accurate composition of urinary calculi by simple procedure in a short time. We have analyzed 100 urinary calculi by infrared spectroscopy with KBr tablet method. Stones were obtained from the patients visited our hospital during the period from January, 1980 to December, 1981. The following results were obtained: 1. Mixed stone (68%) is more common than pure stone (32%) . The most common type of calculus is calcium oxalate-tribasic calcium phosphate (57%) . The common type of component is calcium oxalate (47.3%) . 2. Calcium oxalate and tribasic calcium phosphate are contained most frequently in renal, ureteral and bladder stones. 3. Uric acid and cystine stones are found in acid urine, and most of magnesium ammonium phosphate and tribasic phosphate stones were found in alkaline urine. Calcium oxalate stones are found in urine with wider range of pH. 4. 30 of 100 patients have bacteriuria on culture. 10 of 13 patients with struvite stones showed bacteriuria and most of them are urea-splitting organisms.5. 5 cases of 16 laminated calculi contain the different components in nucleus and outer layer.
Ammonium Compounds ; Bacteriuria ; Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Calculi ; Cystine ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnesium ; Spectrum Analysis* ; Ureter ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Calculi*

The vesicoureteral reflux ie the most important causative factor in the development of recurrent pyelonephritis and renal scarring. We observed clinical significance of VUR in the patients with acute pyelonephritis. 90 patients with acute pyelonephritis were seen during the period from July 1977 to June 1982. Patients were excluded from this study if there was a history of pregnancy, neurogenic bladder, diabetes mellitus and infravesical obstruction. Excretory urography, endoscopy and voiding cystourethrogram were performed. 15 of 43 patients with acute pyelonephritis examined by VCU, proved to have reflux. Most of them were Fade IIb. The results were as follows. 1. Among 15 patients with reflux, 8 were children. 2. All of 8 patients with recurrent pyelonephritis had reflux, 6 of 8 patients with renal scarring had reflux. 3. 11 of 14 patients with abnormal ureteral orifice had ipsilateral reflux. 4. Medical treatment was successful in 4 of 5 patients with grade I reflux. 5. Surgery was successful in 4 of 5 patients (6/7 ureters)
Child ; Cicatrix ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pyelonephritis* ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urography ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of curative radiotherapy in the management of supraglottic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated with radiotherapy at Gyeongsang National University Hospital between 1990 and 1994. Median follow-up period was 36 months and 95% were observed for at least 2 years. RESULTS: Actuarial survival rate at 5 years was 39.3% for 21 patients. The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 75.0% in Stage I, 42.9% in Stage II, 33.3% in Stage III, and 28.6% in Stage IV (p=0.54). The 5-year local control rate was 52.0% for 21 patients. The 5-year local control rate was 75.0% in Stage I, 57.1% in Stage II, 66.7% in Stage III, and 28.6% in Stage IV (p=0.33). Double primary cancer was developed in 3 patients and those were all esophageal cancers. CONCLUSION: In early stage (Stage I and II) supraglottic cancer, curative radiotherapy would be a treatment of choice and surgery would be better to be reserved for salvage of radiotherapy failure. In advanced stage (Stage III and IV), radiotherapy alone is inadequate for curative therapy and combination with surgery should be done in operable patients. This report emphasizes the importance of esophagoscopy and esophagogram at the follow-up of patients with supraglottic cancer.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiotherapy* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of curative radiotherapy in the management of supraglottic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated with radiotherapy at Gyeongsang National University Hospital between 1990 and 1994. Median follow-up period was 36 months and 95% were observed for at least 2 years. RESULTS: Actuarial survival rate at 5 years was 39.3% for 21 patients. The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 75.0% in Stage I, 42.9% in Stage II, 33.3% in Stage III, and 28.6% in Stage IV (p=0.54). The 5-year local control rate was 52.0% for 21 patients. The 5-year local control rate was 75.0% in Stage I, 57.1% in Stage II, 66.7% in Stage III, and 28.6% in Stage IV (p=0.33). Double primary cancer was developed in 3 patients and those were all esophageal cancers. CONCLUSION: In early stage (Stage I and II) supraglottic cancer, curative radiotherapy would be a treatment of choice and surgery would be better to be reserved for salvage of radiotherapy failure. In advanced stage (Stage III and IV), radiotherapy alone is inadequate for curative therapy and combination with surgery should be done in operable patients. This report emphasizes the importance of esophagoscopy and esophagogram at the follow-up of patients with supraglottic cancer.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Radiotherapy* ; Survival Rate

A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans

A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans