Calcium has been implicated as a primary pathogenetic mediator of cellular injury under conditions of oxygen and substrate deprivation in the kidney aswell as other tissues. It has been proposed that calcium entry from the external medium increases intracellular free calcium to toxic levels there-by converting cellular injury from a potentially reversible to an irreversible state. Cellular calcium homeostasis is a fundamental prerequisite for many coordinate cellular functions. The regulation of cellular Ca++ -metabolism is maintained mainly by Ca++ -ATPase. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of ischemia on the subcellular specific activity of Ca++ -ATPase of renal tissues in the rabbits. 1. In both normal cortical and medullary tissues, the specific activities Ca++ -ATPase were higher in mitochondria than in cytosol. 2. In cortical tissue, the specific activities of mitochondrial Ca++ -ATPase were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. But the specific activities were decreased comparing to those of control under hypothermia, and the activities were not different with those of control in Verapamil treated group. 3. The specific activities of Ca++ -ATPase of cortical cytosol were increased as in mitochondria under normothermia. And the activities were similar with those of control in hypothermic and Verapamil treated groups. 4. In medullary tissues, the specific activities of mitochondrial Ca++ -ATPase were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. In Verapamil treated group, the activities were decreased comparing to those of control. And there was no difference of activities between hypothermia and control groups. 5. As in cortical tissues, the specific activities of Ca++ -ATPase of medullary, cytosol were increased in normothermic group. And the activities were similar with those of control in hypothermic and Verapamil treated groups. Above results suggested that calcium contents of mitochondria and cytosol were increased with duration of ischemic time under normothermia. Hypothermia and Verapamil treatment seemed to be beneficial effects in prevention of calcium accumulation in the renal tissues.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Calcium ; Cytosol ; Homeostasis ; Hypothermia ; Ischemia* ; Kidney ; Mitochondria ; Oxygen ; Rabbits* ; Subcellular Fractions* ; Verapamil

No abstract available.

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma accounts for about 10 to 15 percent of all such tumors and the combination of pheochromocytoma and renal artery stenosis is rare. We report an unusual case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma causing renal artery stenosis which was developed in a 11-year-old boy and the literatures were reviewed.
Child ; Humans ; Male ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery*

A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans

A case of unilateral multicystic renal dysplasia was reported in view of rarity, and a review of literature 23-year-old female was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with a complaint of urinary incontinence. An excretory urogram revealed non-visualization of the right kidney. The right ureter had opening at the 2 cm above the vaginal introitus. The resected right kidney revelaed multilobulated outer surface with multiloculated cystic struture on cut surface. The associated anomaly was uterine didelphy. The condition was treated by nephroureterectomy.
Female ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze and estimate whether each company may produce the color of artificial teeth as it stands, in the standard of vita classical shade guide using ShadeScan(TM) System. MATERIAL AND METHODS: we chose the products of 6 companies -EFUCERA, IVOCLAR, ENDURA, TRUBYTE, DURADENT, and DURACROSS- estimated the shade value of each fixed point(cervical, body, and incisal area) of artificial tooth, and verified the equality among the samples from the same company. RESULTS: First, the variation appeared significant at cervical and incisal area. It means that there were significant differences between cervical and incisal area although the most similar artificial teeth to the patients' natural teeth were provided. Second, the results in the body area showed that the variation between artificial and natural teeth was finite(p<0.05) in that area. CONCLUSION: it shows that the reproduction of colors of artificial teeth might be successful regarding the body is the most important part for a determination of the color of artificial teeth. However, more complements are necessary for the better reproduction of the color of artificial teeth between cervical and incisal area.
Complement System Proteins ; Reproduction ; Tooth ; Tooth, Artificial*

No abstract available.
Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem*

Accurate analysis of urinary calculi is fundamental for study of the etiology of stone formation and essential for treatment of urinary stone and its prevention. Among various methods for stone analysis, infrared spectroscopy analysis may be an ideal method to determine the accurate composition of urinary calculi by simple procedure in a short time. We have analyzed 100 urinary calculi by infrared spectroscopy with KBr tablet method. Stones were obtained from the patients visited our hospital during the period from January, 1980 to December, 1981. The following results were obtained: 1. Mixed stone (68%) is more common than pure stone (32%) . The most common type of calculus is calcium oxalate-tribasic calcium phosphate (57%) . The common type of component is calcium oxalate (47.3%) . 2. Calcium oxalate and tribasic calcium phosphate are contained most frequently in renal, ureteral and bladder stones. 3. Uric acid and cystine stones are found in acid urine, and most of magnesium ammonium phosphate and tribasic phosphate stones were found in alkaline urine. Calcium oxalate stones are found in urine with wider range of pH. 4. 30 of 100 patients have bacteriuria on culture. 10 of 13 patients with struvite stones showed bacteriuria and most of them are urea-splitting organisms.5. 5 cases of 16 laminated calculi contain the different components in nucleus and outer layer.
Ammonium Compounds ; Bacteriuria ; Calcium ; Calcium Oxalate ; Calculi ; Cystine ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnesium ; Spectrum Analysis* ; Ureter ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Calculi*

We investigated the optimal culture conditions for Cryptosporidium muris in a human stomach adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell line by determining the effects of medium pH and of selected supplements on the development of C. muris. The optimum pH of the culture medium required for the development of C. muris was determined to be 6.6. The number of parasites significantly increased during cultivation for 72 hr (p < 0.05) at this level. On the other hand, numbers decreased linearly after 24 hr of incubation at pH 7.5. When cultured in different concentrations of serum, C. muris in media containing 5% FBS induced 4-7 times more parasites than in 1% or 10% serum. Of the six medium supplements examined, only 1 mM pyruvate enhanced the number of C. muris in vitro. Transmission electron microscopic observation showed the developmental stages of C. muris in the cytoplasm of the cells, not in an extracytoplasmic location. The growth of C. muris in AGS cells provides a means of investigating its biological characteristics and of testing its response to therapeutic agents. However, a more optimized culture system is needed for the recovery of oocysts on a large scale in vitro.
Adenocarcinoma ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cryptosporidium/*growth & development ; Culture Media ; Human ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Stomach/*parasitology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Serum prostate specific antigen(PSA) as well as serum prostate acid phosphatase(PAP), the reference serum marker and digital rectal examination were measured to evaluate the clinical significance according to the diagnosis and stage of prostate cancer in 17 patients with prostate cancer & 40 patients with BPH proven pathologically, 21 normal control group free of prostate disorders from June. 1991 to June, 1992. As the mean PSA value (+/-S.D.) was 92.75 +/-16.30ng/ml for prostate cancer. 16.52 +/-2.85ng/ml for BPH and 1.51 +/-0.17 for normal control group and the mean PAP value( +/-S.D.) was 12.33 +/-3.73ng/ml, 1.48 +/-0.21ng/ml and 0.70 +/-0.1ng/ml each other, there- fore the mean PSA value in prostate cancer group revealed statistical significance(p <0.01). PSA was more sensitive and nearly same specific as PAP in diagnosis of prostate cancer(n=20ng/ml). The diagnostic accuracy of PSA was higher than PAP, positive predictive value was highest in PSA(n=20ng/ml) with abnormal digital rectal examination. The higher of the PSA, PAP value, the higher stage of prostate cancer and there was slight increase in PSA value as mush as increased grade of prostatic cancer. And serum PSA level was determined during the follow up after endocrine or combined chemotherapy and as the results 4 of 8 patients revealed normal PSA value and improvement of clinical symptoms within 2.8 months. We concluded that PSA was a simple and useful method for detection of prostate cancer and follow up after treatment, but by strict statistical criteria alone, PSA by itself didn`t qualify as an effective screening tool. Therefore if in PSA combined with digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography and especially combined with PSAD and PSAV in case of 4-20ng/ml in serum PSA value it might be very useful in early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of prostate cancer.
Biomarkers ; Diagnosis* ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Drug Therapy ; Early Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Ultrasonography