It has been reported that the clinical cases of mixed infection due to Es. coli and Ps. aeruginosa are not uncommon. However, the mechanisms concerning the esta-blishment of mixed infection state of these organisms has not been studied expermentally. The normal habitate of Es. coli is the intestinal canal of animals and Ps. aeruginosa may be recovered from either the intestine or the natural sources such as sewages, swimming pool, soil, etc. It is, therefore, conceivable that Es. coli enter the host tissues together with Ps. aeruginosa either from the intestine or from the natural sources and establish the state of mixed infection. Thus, (10±1.5)×107 viable units each of Es. coli grown at 37℃. and Ps. aeruginosa grown at 37℃. or 22℃. were inoculated into the ear vein of rabbits singly or together with and the viable units PoPulations in the rabbits blood and urine were followed. The result of observation may be summarized as follows; 1) In the group inoculated with Es. coli or Ps. aeruginosa grown at 37℃.: Either organisms appeared to be removed rapidly from the blood stream and the viable units population in the rabbits urine showed a kind of persistence after initial increase for few days. 2) In the group inoculated with Ps. aeruginosa grown at 22℃.: The organisms appeared to be cleared rapidly from both blood stream and urinary tract without sign of increase. 3) In the group inoculated with Es. coli and Ps. aeruginosa grown at 37℃.: Both organisms appeared to be removed rapidly from the blood stream and the viable units populations of both organisms in the urine showed more prolonged and significant increase for several days. 4) In the group inoculated with Es. coli and Ps. aeruginosa grown at 22℃.: The viable units populations of both organisms showed about the same pattern as the group inoculated with the bacterial suspensions of single speces.
Animals ; Coinfection ; Ear ; Intestines ; Rabbits ; Rivers ; Soil ; Suspensions ; Swimming Pools ; Urinary Tract ; Veins

No abstract available.
Epidemiology* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Korea*

The authors attempted a clinical study on 45 patients of the Pathologic fracture treated at Orthopedic Department, the National Medical Center in the period of 1959 through 1969. Sixty eight established pathologic fractures in 45 patients were analsyed and classified, namey 21 Osteomyelitis, 15 Bone tumors, 3 Osteogenesis Imperfecta and etc. Treatment was variably selected according to the underlying diseases and type of fractures. Special consideration and review of literatures for the different circumstances of pathologic fractures were empirically depicted.
Clinical Study ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Osteomyelitis

Three cases of Volkmann's ischemic contracture in the lower extremity, which is relatively rare manifestation, are reported, One case has occurred as a complication of snake-bite, another was followed by CO intoxication and the third was caused by a direct trauma, which gave a rupture of the main artery in the thigh. The common clinical manifestation were deformity of the foot as equinus, equinovarus and cavus deformities. One case had an additional flexion contracture of the knee. One case was opearted by Achilles tendon lengthening, posterior capsulotomy of the ankle, and plantar fasciotomy, another case was operated by supracondylar osteotomy of the femur in order to correct flexion deformity of the knee followed by B-K amputation, the third was operated by triple arthrodesis of the foot with dorsal wedging.
Achilles Tendon ; Amputation ; Ankle ; Arteries ; Arthrodesis ; Clubfoot ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Femur ; Foot ; Foot Deformities ; Ischemic Contracture ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Osteotomy ; Posterior Capsulotomy ; Rupture ; Thigh

The effect of intravesical formalin instillation as a therapeutic modality for intractable bladder hemorrhage in well known. And despite clear evidence of therapeutic efficacy of intravesical cytotoxic drugs and / or BCG immunotherapy, there have been substantial recurrences during follow up after transurethral resection for superficial bladder tumor. If formalin injected at the bed of superficial bladder tumor is able to coagulate and necrotize the tumor, it will be greatly helpful to the patients with recurrent bladder tumor developed during follow up. Since this technique is applicable on outpatient basis, an economical as well as a psychological burden of the patients can be reduced considerably. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of submucosal formalin injection on rat bladder wall. 36 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 350 gm in average) were divided into 3 groups: In Group I (control group), 0.01ml of normal saline was injected submucosally at the left posterolateral wall of the bladder opened under intraperitoneal Nembutal anesthesia; In Group II and III, 0.01 ml of 10% and 4% formalin, respectively, were administered at the same site as in the Group I, two rats in each group were sacrificed at day 1, 2, and 3, and week 1, 2, and 4 after injection, respectively. Gross and microscopic examination of the cystectomized specimen were done in each group. In the Group II, bladder stones were formed at week 1, and in both the Group I and III, stones were seen at week 2 post injection. There was no significant difference in histologic findings of the bladder between the group II and III. Mucosal ulcer and/or prominent mucosal disruption was observed at 24 hours after injection in both Group II and III. Epithelial regeneration began at day 2, and was marked at day 3, and epithelial lining was almost normalized one week after injection. Subepithelial edema, telangiectasia and inflammatory reaction were prominent at 24 hours post formalin injection. Subepithelial edema persisted in moderate degree for 1 week. Telangiectasia and inflammatory reaction were noted for 4 weeks. Mild degree of these findings also appeared in the control group. Fibroblastic proliferation appeared at day 2 and persisted in moderate degree for 4 weeks. There has been no mortality or bladder perforation. These results suggest that clinical application of this technique is feasible for the selected cases of recurrent, solitary superficial bladder tumor. However, optimal dosage of formalin in relation to the size of the lesion remains to be investigated.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Edema ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Formaldehyde* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Mortality ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Outpatients ; Pentobarbital ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recurrence ; Regeneration ; Telangiectasis ; Ulcer ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is the most common complication after perianal surgery. The authors tried to evaluate the influence of the types and duration of the operation and the types of anesthesia on the incidence of urinary retention. METHODS: The medical and anesthetic records of 106 patients were reviewed retrospectively. They got perianal surgerys after recieving one of the regional blocks; 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, or 2% lidocaine 300 mg with epinephrine 5 g/ml caudally. The incidences of urinary retention were compared with each other by Chi-square test and Student t-test, according to the above mentioned points. RESULTS: Fifty percent of these patients underwent urinary catheterization. The incidence of urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy (56.6%) was higher than that of other anorectal procedures (p<0.05, Chi-square test). The longer operating time was associated with urinary retention (p<0.05, Student t-test). The influence of local anesthetics (bupivacaine, tetracaine, and lidocaine) was absent (p>0.05, Chi-square test), but the difference between spinal and caudal anesthesia was slightly significant (p<0.05, Chi-square test), i.e. the incidence of urinary retention after caudal anesthesia was low. CONCLUSIONS: Short duration of operation, less traumatized perianal surgery, and caudal anesthesia are thought to lead to the lower incidence of urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Caudal ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Epinephrine ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetracaine ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

BACKGROUND: Various topical antisepties are often used for postoperative care of surgical wounds. But the effect of these agent on wound healing remains an area of debate. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of hydrogen peroxide on human keratinocytes in vitro, specifically on keratinocyte viability, migration and proliferation. METHODS: To evaluate the effects of hydrogen peroxide on keratinocyte viability, migration and proliferation, sulforhodamine B test, migration assay, and thymidine incorporation assay were performed, respectively. Diluted solutions of 30% hydrogen peroxide( X 50, X 100, X 500, X 1000) were used as testing material and growth medium alone as a control.
Humans* ; Hydrogen Peroxide* ; Hydrogen* ; Keratinocytes* ; Postoperative Care ; Thymidine ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

Vertical and marginal fractures of the patella are uncommon injuries compared with other types of patellar fracture. It's possible that they are more common than supposed, but often remain undiagnosed as acute injuries. Vertical and marginal fractures often results in less acute disability than stellate or transverse fracture and the routine radiographs are often unhelpful. Failure to diagnose acute vertical and marginal fractures of the patella, especially when the fragments are displaced, may result in prolonged disability of the knee and possible development of degenarative changes in the patello-femoral joint later. Twelve patients of the vertical and the marginal patellar fractures treated at St. Mary's Hospital from Feb. 1982 to Dec. 1987 were analyzed in clinical and radiological aspect. The results obtained from this study were as followings. 1. Vertical and marginal fractures had 15.4% of injury rate in all patellar fractures. 2. The fracture and its displacement were always present on the tangential view of the patella. 3. The mechanism of the fracture was s direct blow to the patella in which the affected knee was flexed. 4. The location of the fracture line was related to the degree of the flexed knee at the time of fracture. 5. Large separated fragments of the patella should be accurately reduced with rigid fixation in the rationale of the intraarticular fracture.
Clinical Study ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Knee ; Patella

Cubitus varus deformity following supracondylar frscture of the humerus in children is one of the major complications. The angle between long axis of humeral shaft and the line formed by connecting lower margin of trochlea and capitellum has been described by authors as a new method of radiological assessment for the indirect measurement of carrying angle. From the author's retrospective radiological study in 115 normal children and 41 supracondylar fractured children, the results were as follows;1. In the 115 normal arms, the mean vslue of T-C angle was 1049±3.8° 2. In the 115 normal arms, a significant relationship was found between the Baumann angle and T-C angle. 3. In the 115 normal arms, a significant relationship was found between the Baumsnn angle and the Carrying angle. 4. In the 115 normal arms, a significant relationship was found between the T-C angle and the Carrying angle. 5. In the 41 injured arms, reliability test was performed for the excluding of effect of the environment. The results was that T-C angle was more reliable than Baumann angle as a indirect measurement method of the Carrying angle. From above results, it is suggested that T-C angle can be reliably used to predict the Carrying angle and prevent cubitus varus deformity in supracondylar fracture of humerus.
Arm ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Humerus ; Methods ; Retrospective Studies

In 1941, Jaffe and coworkers studied a lesion with histologic appearance of fibrous stroma, pigmented deposition and histiocytic infiltration as well as giant cell, for which they named pigmented villonodullar synovitis, bursitis and tenosynovitis. Thereafter many authors have disscussed etiology, clinical and radiological features, pathology and treatment regarding the disease. Recently we experienced a case of pigmented villonodular synovitis involving an hip joint which was treated by synovectomy and total hip replacement with good result.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bursitis ; Giant Cells ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Pathology ; Synovitis ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Tenosynovitis