No abstract available.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Medicine* ; Adolescent* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Substance-Related Disorders*

No abstract available.

The incidence of chemotherapy related among pediatric cancer patient was 90.1%. Adequate oral intake and nutrition have been shown to be important. These consideration prompted the decision to survey by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire were included nausea-vomiting peak time, causing factor coping method, education need, diet pattern change and food preference. Results are fellow 1. Almost(90.1%) pediatric cancer patient experienced nausea-vomiting during chemotherapy and required coping method or reducing method. 2. The food preference form were identified. Those were fluid form, cold and small amount and frequently eating form. The patients preferered noodles, chickens, soap, juice. The results of the survey indicate that nasea-vomiting relief nursing intervention are required pediatric cancer patient received chemotherapy. Health care personnels recognize the pediatric cancer patient's diet pattern and encourage the nutritional counselling. The care of patient should be multidisciplinary team approach and the nurse occupies a key position with in this team, which includes the pediatrician, nutritionist.
Chickens ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diet* ; Drug Therapy* ; Eating ; Education ; Food Preferences ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nursing ; Nutritionists ; Soaps ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Surveys and Questionnaires*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Among ]20 vitiligo patients who visited our clinic during the period of January 1984 to February 1985, 39 patients were treated with oral methoxsalen (8-MOP) and UVA for more than 6 months, The following conclusions were obtained by analysis of the clinical histories and efficacy of PUVA treatment: 1. The mean age of 39 patients was 31 and that of onset was 21. An average of 1() years elapsed from the onset of the disease prior to visiting our clinic. The initial involvement was observed, in decreasing order of frequency, on the trunk, face and/or neck and extremities. 3, The repigmentation started most frequently from the trunk followed by the extremities, face and/or neck after treatment of 2 months and 14 irradiations on the average. 4, There was a direct relationship between the frequency and duration of treatment and its effectiveness. 5. The trunk showed the best response to the treatment, followed by the extremities; face and/or neck. The most resistant sites were the the hand and/or foot. 6. No specific relationship was found between the patient's age, duration of illness and responsiveness to the treatment. 7. The side effects were minimal and transient.
Extremities ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Methoxsalen* ; Neck ; Vitiligo

Melanogenesis, or synthesis of melanin has been a focus of intense investigation by pigment cell biologists during the past few decades. Melanogenesis provides pigment in skin, thus serving as a unique, if not only, physiological defense against sun-induced injuries, including photocarcinogenesis. Moreover, skin color plays a major role in visual esthetics of an individual. Therefore, unwanted hyper- or hypo-pigmentation, especially on facial skin, could cause significant psychological stress. Epidermal melanocytes, derived from neural crest cells, are mainly responsible for melanin in skin. In human skin, nearly all normal pigmentation is due to melanin and with the exception of hemoglobin, it is one of the only endogenously synthesized pigments in man. Melanin has numerous functions in mammals, including increasing the optical efficiency of the eye, producing color patterns in various organs, including hair or skin, serving as camouflage, heat exchange, sexual recognition and protection from sunlight. The incidences of malignant melanoma have been increasing dramatically in western countries, at least by a factor of 15 over the past 60 years, and this has caused an intense interest in understanding melanogenesis. More than 40,000 new cases of malignant melanoma have been diagnosed in 1997, and it is one of the most common cancers in young adults. The research in the area of melanogenesis has exploded during the last ten years because model systems to study molecular mechanisms regulating melanogenesis have become available. This review examines currently available in vitro and in vivo model systems to study melanogenesis.
Esthetics ; Hair ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mammals ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma ; Neural Crest ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Stress, Psychological ; Young Adult

The Purpose of this study was to obtain the basic data to identify effective nursing methods for intravenous therapy patients by means of investigating the incidence of phlebitis and identifying the risk factors for intravenous-related phlebitis which cared by the IV team nurses. The data collected from August, 30, 1995 to October, 2, 1995. The subjects of this study were 495 IV catheters of 270 patients hospitalized to the 3 internal medicine and the 3 surgical wards of large general hospital who received the continuous IV therapy. In order to investigate the incidence of phlebitis, investigator developed the criteria for judging phlebitis and assessment records concerning the phlebitis. Catheter sites was inspected on a daily basis by IV team nurses, and development of phlebitis was graded and documented. The data were analyzed using the PC-SAS program : Percentages and Chi-Square test were used. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Over-all rate of incidence of intravenous-related phlebitis was 8.7%(Grade III 8.5%, Grade IV 0.2%). 2. There was significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis by sex. It was 12.00% in female as compared to 6.44% in male. 3. There was no significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis by age. 4. There was significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis according to duration of catheter placement. The incidence of phlebitis was the highest within 24 hour after insertion. 5. There was significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis according to the location of the insertion site. Lower extremities were 22.22% as compared to 8.18% in upper extremities. But, there was no difference in the incidence of phlebitis according to the location of the insertion site among upper extremities catheters. 6. There was significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis by the size of cannula 22G was 11.08% as compared to 4.14% in 18G. 7. There was no significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis between surgical and medical wards. It was 10.96% in surgical wards as compared to 6.88% in medical wards. In conclusion, the following risk factors can be attributed to the incidence of phlebitis : sex, the duration of catheter placement, the location of the insertion site and the size of cannula inserted. Consequently, in order to prevent and detect the intravenous-related phlebitis early, a consistent, organized assessment and evaluation of the above factors during the intravenous therapy.
Catheters ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Internal Medicine ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Nursing ; Phlebitis ; Research Personnel ; Risk Factors ; Upper Extremity