No abstract available.
Constipation*

No abstract available.
Gastrointestinal Diseases*

No abstract available.
Gastroesophageal Reflux* ; Korea* ; Prevalence*

No abstract available.
Dementia*

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is an uncommon complication in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and mortality remains high. In recent years, cases of DAH due to SLE treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have rarely been reported. The authors present a case of a 43-year-old woman with SLE who had rapidly aggravating dyspnea and hemoptysis. She was diagnosed as having DAH with refractory respiratory failure and was successfully managed with veno-venous ECMO. We propose ECMO as a useful salvage therapy in patients with alveolar hemorrhage secondary to SLE who are failing conventional ventilatory support.
Adult ; Dyspnea ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Mortality ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Salvage Therapy

BACKGROUND: The purpose of study to present the basic data for enhancing the performance level of the dental clinic infection prevention through the actual condition of the implementation for dental treatment infection prevention aimed at dental hygienists in each hospital. METHODS: We carried out a survey targeting 69 dental hygienists in the dental college hospital, 42 in the dentist of the Dentistry in General Hospital, 51 in the dental clinic and 38 in the dentist's office and the medical institutions surveyed, and we used frequency analysis and chi-square analysis by using SPSS (Ver. 18.0). RESULTS: The experiences wounded in the body by sharp instruments or needles contaminated with patients' blood or saliva were on average in 86.5% of the dental hygienists, and people who disinfected the wound with disinfectants after washing their own hands and squeezing blood as the method to fight the wound was 73.4%. The dental clinic was the highest in case of the rate of wearing gloves, and the dental clinic was the highest in the case of the rate of wearing a mask. The use of the liquid soap containing antimicrobial was the highest as 28.0% in the dental college hospital in case of 'the cleanser to be used for washing their own hands'. In the multiple response for dental treatment mechanical equipment management apparatus and the actual condition to be equipped with medicines and the survey in sterilization, Povidone was the highest as 28% in the dental college, and surface disinfectants were being used in some hospitals. CONCLUSION: To prevent the infection in the consultation room, dental hygienists should thoroughly recognize Dental Treatment Infection Prevention Standards, and the research measures or administrative support of the government and the organs concerned is needed a lot.
Dental Clinics ; Dental Hygienists ; Dentistry ; Dentists ; Disinfectants ; Hand ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Masks ; Needles ; Povidone ; Saliva ; Soaps ; Sterilization

M-mode, pulsed Doppler and Doppler color flow mapping, in addition to two-dimensional echocardiography, have greatly improved imaging of the fetal heart through identification of abnormal cardiac anatomy and rhythm in utero. The early detection of cardiac disturbance in utero permits alteration in obstetric management such as delivery in a high-risk center for optimal neonatal care and/or decision in optimal delivery time. We report two cases of the neonatal arrhy-thmia which were observed by fetal echocardiography. In the first case, female baby showed neonatal arrhythmias including tachycardia and brady-cardia until 3 days after birth, and then turned to bradyarrhythmia due to non-conducted atrial bigeminy. These events lead us to review the fetal echocardiographs of the patient carefully. Premature atrial contractions were observed in her fetal echocardiography. At 2 months after birth, the patient's electrocardiogram showed normal sinus rhythm. Severe neonatal bradycardia of the second case was due to congenital complete heart block, identified clearly by electrocardiogram after birth. This case also showed complete heart block in her fetal echocardiography. After insertion of the temporary pacemaker, cardiomegaly was improved. Both the neonate and the mother had positive anti-SSA/Ro autoantibody. But any other symptoms and signs of neonatal lupus did not appear in the neonate. Patient's mother also did not show any symptoms and signs of systemic lupus erythematosus. Since the prognosis depends upon the cause of bradyarrhythmia in fetus and neonates, differential diagnosis is important in obstetric management and optimal neonatal treatment.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Premature Complexes ; Bradycardia ; Cardiomegaly ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography* ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Fetal Heart ; Fetus ; Heart Block ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Prognosis ; Tachycardia

With the wide spread of laparoscopic procedures in surgery, laparoscopy has been revived as a diagnostic and therapeutic modality in blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma. From August 1995 to November 1996, we applied therapeutic laparoscopy to 15 hemodynamically stable patients with abdominal trauma, including 10 (66%) blunt and 5 (34%) penetrating injuries. The mean age of the patients was 35 (17~64) years. All were male, except for one female patient. Organs injured were 4 single perforations, 1 multiple perforation and 1 complete transsection of the small bowel; 2 mesenteric tearings with small bowel ischemia; 2 stomach perforations; 2 mesenteric lacerations; 2 omental lacerations; and 1 liver laceration. Patients with unstable vital signs, or solid organ or retroperitoneal injury were excluded by conventional diagnoses. Laparoscopic abdominal exploration was initiated by changing the position to the Trendelenburg position for evaluation of the pelvic cavity and lower-1/3 of the small bowel, to the supine position for evaluation of the mid-abdomen and mid-1/3 of the small bowel, and to the reverse Trendelenburg for evaluation of the liver, spleen, pancreas, and upper 1/3 of the small bowel. Operation methods consisted of totally laparoscopic or laparoscopic-assisted techniques in 11 cases (73.3%) and 4 cases (26.7%), respectively. Hence, we were able to reduce the rate of open surgery in 11 (73.3%) of the 15 patients who were thought to need operative treatment, 14 of whom needed actual surgical intervention (One pre-operatively undetected liver laceration revealed spontaneous ceasation of bleeding at the time of laparoscopic examination). The mean operation time was 110 min per case (113 min and 100 min for totally laparoscopic surgery and laparoscopic-assisted surgery, respectively). Flatus passed at the 2.4 (mean) post-operative day. The patients started meals at the 3.3 (mean) post-operative day and were discharged at the 7 (mean) post-operative day uneventfully. The only exception was one wound infection in the laparoscopic-assisted group. Conclusively, sytematized laparoscopic surgery is a feasible, safe, and effective procedure for the treatment of abdominal trauma.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Flatulence ; Head-Down Tilt ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Lacerations ; Laparoscopy* ; Liver ; Male ; Meals ; Pancreas ; Spleen ; Stomach ; Supine Position ; Vital Signs ; Wound Infection

From August 1991 to July 1992, 262 patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were treated with transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT). Among those, 64 patients were followed up more than I year and 26 patients were followed up more than 4 years without other treatment. The patient`s age ranged from 49 to 80 years with a mean of 64.3 years. Prostate volume determined by transrectal ultrasonography ranged from 27.0cm3 to 73.6cm3, the mean 40.8cm3. After I year, maximum flow rate increased from 8.1+/-2.3ml/sec to 11.5+/-3.6ml/sec, Madsen symptom score decreased from 12.6 +/-3.8 to 6.6+/-4.7, and residual urine volume decreased from 75.6+/-33.5ml to 43.4+/-35.3ml. Complete response of maximum flow rate and Madsen symptom score observed in 17.2% in each group, partial response in 50.0% and 40.6%, and non-response in 32.8% and 42.2%. Improvement of subjective symptoms were evaluated by patients themselves and divided into 3 groups: ""satisfactory"" was 28.1%, ""acceptable"" 34.4%, and ""not effective"" 37.5%. Complications were i case of erectile dysfunction and 4 cases of dry ejaculation. Among the 64 patients who were followed up more than 1 year, 26 patients (40.6%) were remained without other treatment, 20 (31.3%) patients were medicated additionally, 11 (17.2%) patients required TUR-P during the follow-up period due to persistent symptoms, and 7 (10.9%) patients were performed re-TUMT. In conclusion, TUMT could be useful, safe and inexpensive treatment for BPH when it is applied selectively and should be advanced in mechanism to be more effective in treatment of BPH.
Ejaculation ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Captopril*