The purpose of this study was to understand the nature and structure of "uncertainty of chronically ill patients" by explaining it more scientifically. This study is based on the unique experiences, which individual uncertainty experiences differ from others. In this sense, Q-methodology which includes self-psychology and abductive logics is applied to the study. The results indicate that there are six types of uncertainty of chronically ill patients : my own fault, self-esteem loss, self-care determination, cure-doubt, reality-restructure, and past-tenacity reality-absence. Thus,"uncertainty of chronically ill patients"is defined from the study as the process in which continuous transition and evaluation of possibility cause changes in human recognition, attitude, action, etc.. The significance of the study is threefold : (1) discovery of six types of uncertainty of chronically ill patients in Korean people, (2) the better understanding of "uncertainty of chronically ill patients", (3) possible developments of nursing concept and assessment and intervention technique based on the new dimension of the understanding in uncertainty for nursing of chronically ill patients from this research.
Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Logic ; Nursing* ; Self Care ; Uncertainty*

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia*

No abstract available.
Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to offer basic data concerning the prevention of obesity for obese children to identify the relationship between their self-efficacy and the degree of performance on health promoting lifestyle profile. METHOD: The subjects were 148 fourth to sixth grade elementary school students in Gwang-ju, Korea during the period from September 10 to September 25, 2001. The collected data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression by using the SPSS program. RESULT: The relationship between general characteristics of subjects and self-efficacy were significant differences according to eating time(F=5.338, p=.006). The relationship between general characteristics of subjects and health promoting lifestyle profile were significant differences according to grade(F=5.615, p=.005), eating time(F=8.591, p=.000), concern about weight control(F=3.915, p=.022), experience of weight control(t=7.632, p=.006). Health promoting lifestyle profile was showed significant positive correlations with self-efficacy(r=.537, p=.000). Self-efficacy(27.6%) was the highest factor predictor health promoting lifestyle profile of obesity students. In addition to eating time, concern about weight control, explained for 33.3% in health promoting lifestyle profile. CONCLUSION: Results of this study point to self-dfficiency as a major factor in the health promoting behavior of childhood obesity. According to the results of this study, There is a reason to develop a health program to promote self-efficiency.
Child ; Eating ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style* ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Child Health

PURPOSE: Related factors for 24 nursing diagnoses frequently used in the emergency care unit were validated in this study. METHOD: A convenience sample of 65 registered nurses who had worked for 2 years or more in emergency care units and received instruction on nursing diagnosis was used for the study. The classification of nursing diagnoses was based on NANDA (1996) and validation, on Fehring (1987)'s DCV model. RESULT: Differences were found between emergency and general care units for related factors for nursing diagnosis. Newly reported related factors were not found for emergency care units. CONCLUSION: It is helpful for nurses who work in emergency care to be able to apply the nursing diagnosis validated in this study. These findings can be used as the database to provide a nursing diagnosis system appropriate to improving the emergency nursing practice.
Classification ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medical Services* ; Emergency Nursing ; Nursing Diagnosis* ; Nursing*

Though the incidence of paragonimiasis has been remarkably decreased since 1970, it is still not a rare disease in Korea. Major problems in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis on chest radiography are its differentiation from pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer. Chest radiographic findings have been described in detail, but little have been reported on CT findings. We reviewed CT findings of 10 patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis. The characteristic CT findings were similar to those on chest radiography, such as air-space consolidation (70%), nodular mass (50%), pleural effusion (40%), cystic lesion (30%), small low density within the mass (30%), linear density (20%), pneumothorax(20%), and burrow track (20%). CT depicted the cystic lesions and the burrow tracks more clearly and showed the small worm-retaining cysts within the mass that were not detectable on chest radiography. In conclusion, all of these CT findings are useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis especially when differentiation from tuberculosis or lung canceris difficult on chest radiography.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Paragonimiasis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rare Diseases ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Objectives: This study investigated the health and nutritional status of the elderly according to the number of chronic diseases, using data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013~2015. Methods: Data from a total of 2,310 individuals, aged 65 years and over, were used for the analysis. The elders were divided into 0 (n=375), 1 (n=673), 2 (n=637) and 3 or more (n=625) groups, by considering the number of chronic diseases. Results: Compared to other groups, the elderly subjects who were living with their spouse had the highest ratio in group 0 (P < 0.05), whereas subjects without economic activities had highest ratio in 3 or more group (P < 0.05). The EQ-5D index of subjects in the 0 group (0.90 ± 0.01) was higher than that in the 3 or more group (0.86 ± 0.01) (P< 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the energy intake of subjects was determined to be lowest in the 3 or more group (P < 0.05). Protein (P < 0.05) and riboflavin (P < 0.05) intakes of the 3 or more group were also lower than other groups. Conclusions This study indicates that multimorbidity of the elderly is associated with their health and nutritional status. The nutrients intake of the elderly, especially energy, protein and riboflavin, tended to be lowest in the 3 or more group. Further research is required to elucidate the risk factors related to presence of multimorbidity in the elderly.

Objectives: This study investigated the health and nutritional status of the elderly according to the number of chronic diseases, using data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013~2015. Methods: Data from a total of 2,310 individuals, aged 65 years and over, were used for the analysis. The elders were divided into 0 (n=375), 1 (n=673), 2 (n=637) and 3 or more (n=625) groups, by considering the number of chronic diseases. Results: Compared to other groups, the elderly subjects who were living with their spouse had the highest ratio in group 0 (P < 0.05), whereas subjects without economic activities had highest ratio in 3 or more group (P < 0.05). The EQ-5D index of subjects in the 0 group (0.90 ± 0.01) was higher than that in the 3 or more group (0.86 ± 0.01) (P< 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the energy intake of subjects was determined to be lowest in the 3 or more group (P < 0.05). Protein (P < 0.05) and riboflavin (P < 0.05) intakes of the 3 or more group were also lower than other groups. Conclusions This study indicates that multimorbidity of the elderly is associated with their health and nutritional status. The nutrients intake of the elderly, especially energy, protein and riboflavin, tended to be lowest in the 3 or more group. Further research is required to elucidate the risk factors related to presence of multimorbidity in the elderly.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to find whether there is any effect on shortening the length of stay of long term patients due to issuing of hospitalization sheets by emergency department. METHODS: For the investigation, 27,948 patients who resided in hospitals over 6 hours from 2006 to 2007 were chosen as the subjects. The main materials for the investigation were various time variables according to the medical records. For the verification of each factor, Student's t-test and Pearson' correlation coefficient were used. RESULTS: There was statistically significant difference in regard to length of stay (p<0.01). The departments related to internal medicine showed that they required longer times in every aspect compared to those of non-internal medicine. There were statistically significant differences (p<0.01) in regard to the time of patients' length of stay and the time of issuing sheets for hospitalization according to the numbers of related department. However, there was no meaningful difference in regard to the waiting time for hospitalization. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, in the cases of long term patients who stayed over 6 hours in 2007 when the random sheets for hospitalization were issued by emergency department, the length of stay was significantly reduced. It was found that the time was more increased in the departments of internal medicine than the departments of noninternal medicine and when the related sub departments increased.
Emergencies ; Emergency Medicine ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Length of Stay ; Medical Records

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate sexual behavior, pregnancy and contraception knowledge among teenage. METHOD: The subjects were 627 of teenaged girls from 14 to 19 years old who lived in a capital city. Data was collected by questionnaire surveys used the convenience sampling. The instrument used for this study was contraception knowledge tool. The collected data was analysed by using descriptive statics, chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test for post hoc with SPSS program. RESULT: The finding of Sex experience was kiss and petting experience 196 (32%), sex intercourse 44 (7.2%) and pregnancy 6 (1%). Average of contraception knowledge was 3.8 score (total 15). Statically significant general characteristics variable related to sex experience were age, school type, smoking and alcohol use. Statically significant general characteristics variable related to contraception knowledge were age, school type, previous sex education and contraception education. CONCLUSION: These results of this study provided health professional informations to develop intervention programs to reduce teenage pregnancy.
Adolescent* ; Contraception* ; Education ; Female* ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Pregnancy in Adolescence ; Pregnancy* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sex Education ; Sexual Behavior* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Young Adult