No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Lipid A* ; Macrophages* ; Mice* ; Phagocytosis* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

No abstract available.
DNA*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Interferons* ; Macrophages* ; Mice*

Vitamin D deficiency rickets became quite rare now-a-days and also more rare in incidence complicated by hypervitaminosis A which was found at Pusan Childrens Charity Hospital. This patient was 1 year old female who developed hypervitaminosis A during the vitamin therapy because of its misuse of vitamin D and A compounds. Also a brief review of the literature is done along with presentation of the case.
Busan ; Charities ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypervitaminosis A ; Incidence ; Rickets ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Temporomandibular Joint*

The present study proposes a method delineating the extent of the anterior displacement of the temporomandibular articular disc through the angle formed by the deepest point in the glenoid fossa, the center of the mandibular condyle and the junction between the end of the posterior band and the retrodiscal tissue. The method was applied to the normal group and TMD group. The TMD group was further divide into 3 groups Group I(little disc displacement), Group II(anterior disc displacement with reduction) and Group III(anterior disc displacement without reduction). The results were as follows. 1. The normal group showed the location of the articular disc within -10-0degree or with a wider allowance, within -10-10degree from the reference line GC. 2. The TMD group showed the disc located within -21.0-125.8degree,with two peaks at 0-100 and 60-800, suggesting that the group may be composed of more than two different subgroups. 3. The threshold point delineating the normal and TMD states was 0degree, because 82.5% of normal group appeared below 0degree and 94.8% of TMD group appeared above 0degree. 4. Since the angular disc displacement tends to increase from Group I to Group III, the angular displacement increases as the overall severiety of the disease increases, and the chance for a reduction of the disc decreases. 5. The normal group, Group I, Group II, and Group III can be categorized into statistically different groups. The normal group and TMD group can be distinguished in reference to 0degree, while the presence-absence of the anterior disc displacement is judged in reference to 10degree, and the probability of the disc reduction can be estimated in reference to 50degree. The present study assesses the location of the articular disc from the sagittal central section offering a supplementary clinical classification. This system provides an additional information concerning the location of the disc, thereby offering an objective mean to evaluate the progress of the disease. Further studies may be needed on the clinical changes according to location of the disc, as well as the relationship between the morphological changes and the anterior or sideways displacement of the disc.
Classification ; Mandibular Condyle ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint*

There are strong evidences suggesting that Thl and Th2 lymphocytes develop from the same Thlymphocyte precursor under the influence of environmental or genetic factors acting at the level of antigen presentation, but it remains to be answered whether it is possible to change the cytokine profile of established or ongoing Th1 and Th2 response. The purpose of this study is to reveal whether it is possible to reverse the cytokine profile of human Th lymphocytes by the modulation of antigen presentation. Using a multiparameter flow cytometric assay that allows simultaneous determination of surface CD4 and intracellular IFN-r or IL-4, we have studied the emergence of Th1 or Th2 lymphocytes in response to tetanus toxoid exposure and the patterns of cytokine synthesis in established T lymphocyte clones. Th2 populations arising after 4 wk of stimulation in IL-2, PHA, tetanus toxoid and irradiated autogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells as antigen presenting cells (APC) could give rise to IFN-r-producing Th1 lymphocytes when stimulated in IL-2 plus PHA in the absence of antigen and APC. These IFN-r-producing Th1 lymphocytes nearly disappeared and IL-4-producing Th2 lymphocytes predominated again when cultured again in the presence of antigen and APC. In contrast, prolonged culture in the absence of antigen and APC induced relative predominance of IFN-r-producing The lymphocytes. The cytokine profile of long-term Th2 population arising originally from the repeated stimulation in the presence of antigen and APC appeared more homogeneous and less reversible, although they could convert to Th1 lymphocytes when cultured without antigen and APC. These findings may explain that the polarized Th response is reversible depending on the presence of antigen presentation.
Antigen Presentation* ; Antigen-Presenting Cells ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer* ; Tetanus Toxoid

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*