No abstract available.
Hepatitis Viruses* ; Hepatitis*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Clavicle* ; Dreams*

This study was undertaken to investigate the response of non-immunologic contact urticaria(NICU) test before and after ingestion of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors such as naproxene, ibuprofen and mefenamic acid. Forty patients who showed positive reaction to 5% benzoic acid (BA) in petrolatum by 20 minutes closed patch test were chosen and divided into 3 groups. Group I was consisted of 13 patients who were taken naproxene 250mg bid, group II, 14 patients, taken ibuprofen 600mg bid, and group III, 13 patients, taken mefenamic acid 500mg bid. All the patients were tested with 5%, 2.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.1% BA in petrolatum using Finn chamber on Scanpor tape on the right arm before medication and next day on the left arm after medication of each day. Mefenamic acid did not show any significant differences before and after ingestion of drug. Naproxene reduced reaction about half of patients. Ibuprofen reduced reaction in almost all patients and blocked reaction completely in 9 of 13 patients. This results suggested that there was no correlation between blocking effect to BA induced contact urticaria and so called anti-inflammatory potencies of naproxene and ibuprofen, and that NICU by BA is partly mediated by prostaglandins(PG) or mediated by other mediators, which were potentiated by PG, except histamin.
Arm ; Benzoic Acid ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Eating ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; Mefenamic Acid ; Naproxen ; Patch Tests ; Petrolatum ; Urticaria*

To search the effective antisense oligonucleotide that inhibit the growth of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), six kinds of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) were synthesized and the antiviral activity was assessed by measuring cytopathic effect in Vero cells infected with HSV-1. Of the three dodecamer S-ODNs, cornplernentary to the translation initiation site of IE2 (AS2) and scrambled S-ODN (AS1) showed more significant antiherpetic activity than AS4 complementary to the IE4. Accordingly, the antiviral effect of dodecamer S-ODN was not specific. In contrast to the no inhibitory effect of sense strand S-ODN of ICP8 (AS6), two S-ODNs complementary to the translation initiation site of ICP8 (AS3) and that of IE1 (AS5) showed potent antiherpetic activity assessed in vitro HSV-1 virus yield assay. Antiherpetic effect of AS3 was decreased in proportion to the addition of AS6. The synthesis of viral protein ICPS and IE1 were inhibited in AS3 and AS5 treated HSV-1 infected Vero cells, respectively. These findings suggest that antiherpetic effect of AS3 is specifically mediated by targeting ICPS. S-ODNs had no effect on Vero cell viability. The data suggest that the 19-mer S-ODNs may be effective in antiviral chemotherapy.
Drug Therapy ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides* ; Simplexvirus* ; Vero Cells

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet light induces sunburn, ageing of the skin, pigmentation and even promotes skin cancers. As there has been a recent decrease in the ozone layer surrounding the earth, increasing attention has been given to the effects of ultraviolet light on the skin. Through human epidermis, ultraviolet light is reflected, scattered, absorbed or transmitted. In caucacians, the rate of transmitted ultraviolet light A from the epidermis to the dermis is 50% and the rate of transmitted ultraviolet light B is below 10%. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transmittance of UVA and UVB on Korean normal epidermis. METHODS: Pure epidermis was obtained from normal human epidermis by suction of blisters in 12 patients with vitiligo. All specimens were irradiated respectively with UVA and UVB and the amount of transmitted energy was measured. RESULTS: 1. The transmittance of UVA energy density by normal epidermis was 47.7+11.2% of irradiated UVA energy. 2. The transmittance of UVB energy density by normal epidermis was 32.4+3.4% of irradiated UVB energy. CONCLUSION: UVA energy transmission through normal epidermis of Korean is less than those of Caucacians but UVB energy transmission through nor mal epidermis of Korean is more than those of Caucacians. It is suggested that this could be an important basic data to study for photoaging and photoprotection in Korean population.
Blister ; Dermis ; Epidermis* ; Humans* ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Stratospheric Ozone ; Suction ; Sunburn ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vitiligo

This study was designed for the evaluation of the mean proportions and range of individual difference of muscle fiber types in human Gastrocneminus, Soleus, Peroneus longus and Tibialis anterior muscles, respectively. Flash-frozen muscle sections obtained from 15 cadavers were stained for H&E, trichrome, PAS, regular & reversed myosin ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) and alkaline phosphatase (Alk-Pase). The results obtained were as follows. 1) Differentiation of muscle fiber types was not evident in H&E and trichrome stained specimen. Three types of muscle fibers were, however, evident in PAS-stained sections according to the degree of positivity in observed skeletal muscles. 2) Two fiber types (Types I and II) were only differentiated and the predominant muscle fiber type was type I by regular myosin ATPase reaction in Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Peroneus longus and Tibialis anterior muscles. 3) Three muscle fiber types (Type I, IIa and IIb) were, however, differentiated and the predominant muscle fiber type was type IIa, contrary to patterns of regular myosin ATPase in skeletal muscles except for Soleus muscle by reversed myosin ATPase stains. Only two muscle fiber types (Type I and II) and predominant type I fibers were shown in Soleus muscle. 4) SDH stains showed three types of muscle fiber except Soleus muscle. The mean proportions(%) of type 1 fibers were 48.0% in Gastrocnemius, 62.3% in Soleus, 40.8% in Peroneus longus, and 39.8% in Tibialis anterior muscles, respectively. 5) The mean proportions (%) of muscle fiber types in human skeletal muscles were markedly different, according to individuals and various enzyme histochemical stains. 6) The size of muscle fibers was relatevely small in type I fibers compared with type IIb. 7) Evaluation for the combination patterns of various enzyme histochemical activities showed that the common muscle fiber types (Type I, IIa and IIb) were markedly reduced in the mean proportions and unusual rare muscle fibers predominant. This predominance of unusual muscle fiber types and marked discrepancy in muscle fiber types between regular and reversed myosin ATPase seemed to be ascribed to decreased muscle enzyme activities following postmortem period.
Humans

Contact Dermatitis due to cosmetics is also common in Korea. as in other developed countries. However. detection of the causative antigens is in a difficult situation due to many reasons. We have routinely patch tested with Japanese cosmetic series patch test allergens, Types 17 and 18 in addition to Hollister standard battery and patients own cosmetics to 4Q cases of suspected cosmetic contact dermatitis who have visited our Environmental and Occupational Clinic during the past one year. The study result was as follows. Total 55% ositive reaction related to cosmetics was observed in 4p patch tested patients. 2 The most frequently observed antigens were hydroxycitronellal, benzyl saliylate and cinnamic alcohol.
Allergens ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Developed Countries ; Humans ; Korea ; Patch Tests*

No abstract available.
Rectal Neoplasms*

Three-dimensional finite element model was made from adult skull to find desirable direction of retraction force to treat skeletal class II malocclusion. The retraction force of 400g was applied to the first molar. The direction of the force application was 23degrees downward, parallel, 23degrees upward and 45` upward to the occlusal plane. The stress distribution and the displacement within the maxilla were analyzed by three-dimensional finite element method. The findings obtained were as follows: 1. Maxillary first molar was displaced posteriorly and inferiorly in 23degrees downward, parallel, 23degrees upward retraction but it was displaced posteriorly and superiorly in 45degrees upward retraction. 2. ANS, A point and prosthion were moved posteriorly and inferiorly and pterygornaxillary fissure was moved posteriorly and superiorly. Clockwise rotation of maxilla occurred when retraction force was applied. 3. The degree of clockwise rotation of maxilla was greatest when the force was applied 23degrees upward to the occlusal plane and was least when the force was applied 23degrees downward to the occlusal plane. 4. Large tensile stress appeared in maxillary first molar and alveolar bone and the infraorbital region of maxilla when the force was applied 23degrees downward to the occlusal plane. Tensile stress was smaller as the direction of force move upward. 5. Large compressive stress was appeared in maxillary first molar and infraorbital region in 45degrees upward case and large compressive stress occurred in the posterior part of maxilla as the retraction force was upward.
Adult ; Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Maxilla* ; Molar ; Skull