To try to determine the type of medical service wanted by the rural population, in Chungnam Province, a survey amongst the populations of 6 counties was conducted; Within the 6 counties, 2 local communities, which had no access to local medical services, were surveyed. The 12 communities were actively involved in Sae-Maul activities, and total number of households surveyed, was 822. The survey was conducted over a 1 month period, from July 16th, 1976, thru August 20th, and the followings are the results, summarized. 1. The largest number of respondents desired a combination of Public Health Center and Country Hospital, followed in order by Private Clinic and Modern Medical Facility. 2. The respondents, aged under 40 years, desired the Private Clinic type medical service, whilst those over 40 years of age, wanted the County Hospital, and as the numbers in this age bracket, were larger, so the ratio was much higher. 3. Sex, educational background, and occupation did not play any particular emphasis in the decisions. 4. Monthly income affected the responses to the survey. These in the lower-income bracket, wanted the County Hospital, and the ratio was high. These in the high income bracket desired the Modern Medical Service, accordingly. Those with an income of 50,000 won or less, amongst the low-income bracket, favored the Public Health sub-center type of service. The ratio for this service was very high.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Family Characteristics ; Hospitals, County ; Occupations ; Public Health ; Rural Population

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice* ; Microinjections* ; Zygote*

No abstract available.
Diabetes Insipidus*

No abstract available.
Autistic Disorder*

Clinical characteristics and coronary angiographic findings were analyzed in 24 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery spasm, which developed spontaneously in 11 cases and was provoked by intravenous ergonovine meleate in 13 cases. The commonest clinical presentation was chest pain at rest in 21 out of 24 cases, and nine patients with resting angina had also exertional chest pain. Ten patients complained of chest pain which developed especially at night and in the early morning. Cumulative doses of ergonovine meleate whoch were required to provoked spasm were 0.05mg in 3, 0.15mg in 8 and 0.35mg in 2 cases. Transient hypertension occured in one case as a complication of ergonovine provocation test. In 20 cases coronary artery spasm developed at the portion of normal or insignificantly narrowed coronary arteries, at the severely stenotic portion in 3 cases and at the normal portion different fropm severe tight lesion in one case. Electrocardiographic findings at the time of coronary spasm were ST segment elevation in 11 among 18 cases, ST segment depression in 2 cases and no change in 3 cases. Twenty two patients complained of chest pain of the same characteristics which they had previously experienced, but there was no chest pain in 2 patients. Right coronary artery was the most prevalent site of coronary artery spasm, and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasties were performes successfully in 4 cases with significantly tight lesions. In conclusion coronary artery spasm is thought to play a significant role in the conversion of stable to unstable angina and the development of silent myocardial ischemia as well as variant angina.
Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Depression ; Electrocardiography ; Ergonovine ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Spasm*

No abstract available.
Signal Transduction*

M-mode echocardiography has been demonstrated to be a sensitive indicator of the sequential changes occurring in the heart in systemic arterial hypertension. The changes in function as well as anatomic features have been recorded. Previous analysis has focused on the anatomy and systolic function of the left ventricle, analysed in hypertensive heart disease. 13 normal subjects(Group I), 14 hypertensive patients without evidence of cardiac involvement(Group II) and 13 hypertensive patients with echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy(Group III) were compared using M-mode echocardiographic data and clinical. findings. The results are as follows : 1) Mean age are; Group I : 41 years(19-62), Group II : 49 years(25-67) and Group III : 53 years(30-83). There are no significant age difference between Group I and II. Sex ratio are 4:9, 8:6 and 7:6 respectively. 2) Mean arterial pressure are; Group I : 98+/-5mmHg, Group II : 126+/-7 mmHg and Group III : 131+/-101mmHg. 3) Left ventricular posterior wall thickness are; Group I : 0.87+/-0.12cm, Group II : 0.89+/-0.12cm and Group III : 1.32+/-0.18cm(p>0.05 in I vs II). 4) Left atrial dimension are; Group I : 2.77+/-0.68cm, Group II : 2.96+/-0.44cm and Group III: 3.12+/-0.60cm. 5) Left ventricular mass arel Group I : 194+/-51gm, Group II : 192+/-51gm and Group III : 318+/-77gm(p>0.05 in I vs II, p<0.001 in I vs II and II vs III). 6) Ejection fraction are; Group I : 0.57+/-0.09, Group II : 0.60+/-0.01 and Group III : 0.52+/-0.01)p>0.05). 7) Mitral valve EF solpe are; Group I : 113.70+/-23.26mm/sec, Group II : 81.14+/-17.22mm/sec and Group III : 69.92+/-22.70mm/sec(p<0.05 in I vs II, p<0.001 in I vs III and II vs III). 8) AEI are; Group I : 0.70+/-0.04, Group II : 0.56+/-0.07 and Group III: 0.48+/-0.07)p<0.001 in I vs II, I vs III and II vs III). From the above results, the atrial emptying index seems to be an early indicator of abnormalities of left ventricular diastolic compliance in hypertensive patients.
Arterial Pressure ; Compliance ; Echocardiography* ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Mitral Valve ; Sex Ratio

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between the levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the peritoneal fluid of women with and without endometriosis and infertile women. METHODS: This study is prospective and case-control study in University hospital, enrolled thirty-four women with laparoscopic findings of minimal to severe endometriosis, and thirty-seven women with no visual evidence of pelvic endometriosis and with benign gynecologic disease. IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in peritoneal fluid were determined using commercial ELISA. IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations were compared among women with and without endometriosis, and with infertile and fertile women, and then also compared according the revised American Fertility Society classification. RESULTS: IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations were higher than in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis than in matched normal controls. Cyclic variations in IL-6 concentrations were seen in peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis: the concentrations in the secretory phase were significantly higher than those in the proliferative phase. The concentrations were higher than among of infertile women than in fertile women. A significant correlation between IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and endometriosis stage III and IV was noted. CONCLUSION: Increased levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with endometriosis in the peritoneal fluid may be relate to the pathogenesis of endometriosis suggesting that partially contribute to the disturbed immune regulation observed in patients with endometriosis.
Ascitic Fluid* ; Case-Control Studies ; Classification ; Endometriosis* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fertility ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6* ; Prospective Studies ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

No abstract available.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*