No Abstract Available.
Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Angiotensins* ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Humans ; Hypertension*

MRI and arthrograms were used to diagnose the disc displacement of temporomandibular joint, but most of these trials focused on the anterior disc displacement. The discs could be displaced laterally or medially and in some case this sideway displacement may play a role as a main problem of temporomandibular disorder. In this study, 45 patients(31 unaffected sites, 59 affected sites) and 20 asymptomatic volunteers' sagittal and coronal MRI views were reviewed, then some results were found as follows 1. In sagittal plan, anterior disc displacements were found 15% in normal sites, 45% in unaffected sites and 69% in affected sites. 2. In coronal plan, sideways disc displacements were found 15% as medial in normal, 6% as medial and 13% as lateral in unaffected, 8% as medial and 14% as lateral diaplacement in affected sites. 3. In asymptomatic sites involving unaffected sites, medial disc displacements(11.3%) but in symptomatic joints, lateral disc displacements(13.8%) were prevalent. 4. The sideways disc displacement were observed 10.1% as medial and 2.9% as lateral dispalcement without and 9.8% as medial and 16.4% lateral dispalcements with anterior disc displacement. And, the coronal views of MRI were beneficial to evaluate the sideways disc displacement. Further studies may be needed on evaluation of the relations between sideways displacements and clinical symptoms or the treatment results.
Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; Temporomandibular Joint*

No abstract available.
Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Lymphoma*

To compare the efficiency, success rate and abortion time of applications of intravaginal misoprostol versus intravenous Sulprostone(Nalador) for mid-trimester pregnancy termination. Eighty three patients between 17-29 weeks of gestation with medical, obstetric, or genetic reasons for termination of pregnancy were randomized to receive either 50 ug tablets of misoprostol placed in the posterior vaginal fomix or 1,000ug sulprostone intravenously diluted I L of isotonic saline solution given as a 12-h infusion. Among eighty three patients recruited, fourty five patients received misoprostol and thirty eight patients received sulprostone intravenously. The average interval from start of induction to vaginal delivery was 13.35+/-3.34 hours in misoprostol group and 21.14+/-6.64 hours in the sulprostone group. The success rate of complete termination within 12 and 24 hours in misoprostol group were 57.7%, 93.3%, respectively, while in sulprostone group were 15.8%, 92.1% respectively. Oxytocin augumentation was 6.7% in misoprostol group and 7.9% in the sulprostone group. No serious complication occurred. Intravaginal misoprostol appears to be acceptably safe and effective agents for second trimester pregnancy termination. Misoprostol has the advantage of being inexpensive, easily stored and readily available. The regimen of 100 ug misoprostol inserted intracervicovaginally every 8 hours is the optimal method for pregnancy termination.
Female ; Humans ; Misoprostol* ; Oxytocin ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Sodium Chloride ; Tablets

BACKGROUND: There are significant concerns about emerging antibiotic resistance that are largely due to the inappropriate use of antibacterial agents for viral respiratory infections. We explored clinicians' attitude on antibiotic prescription for patients with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) using survey. METHODS: A random, stratified sample of physicians in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon was surveyed with a mailed questionnaire, and 353 clinicians completed information. A total of 344 were included in the final dataset after excluding incomplete data with missing information (response rate 34.4%). RESULTS: Among 344 physicians, those who would prescribe antibiotics in scenario patient were 39.2%, wait and prescribe 30.5% and not prescribe antibiotics 30.2%. Those who believed antibiotics would help treatment of acute sinusitis were 83.7%, acute pharyngitis 36%, acute tonsillitis 86.3%, acute bronchitis 64% and acute lower respiratory diseases 66.9%. In logistic regression analysis, those who were located in Gyeonggi region and those who believed antibiotics help treatment of tonsillitis and suppurative otitis media would prescribe antibiotics in scenario patient significantly more, whereas those who believe antibiotics help treatment of acute pharyngitis and lower respiratory disease prescribe antibiotics less. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians' attitude to antibiotics in respiratory disease has a significant effect on antibiotic prescription for RTIs. Interventions such as practice guidelines and patient education to optimize antibiotic prescription should take this effect into account.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bronchitis ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; Palatine Tonsil ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pharyngitis ; Postal Service ; Prescriptions* ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Respiratory Tract Infections* ; Sinusitis ; Tonsillitis ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) has recently been studied extensively in various experimental models of radiation injury and has proven its protective effects in various organs, such as the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Twenty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental and control group. The experimental group was divided into two large groups: the first one received a single dose of 18 Gy irradiation from an electron beam on the local field of the kidney region only, and the second group received captopril per oral continuously after the same doses of irradiation. The second experimental group was divided into four subgroups by captopril doses: 62.5 mg/l, 125 mg/l, 250 mg/l, and 500 mg/l, respectively. On light and electron microscopy, the kidneys of the irradiated rats with no captopril treatment showed diffuse glomerular contraction, congestion with occlusion and focal necrosis of the endothelial, and mesangial cells. The tubules showed ballooning degeneration, desquamation, and diffuse coagulation necrosis. Captopril treated rats, especially those given a high dose (more than 250 gm/l), revealed a marked reduction of the tubular and glomerular injuries. There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of renal injury among the experimental groups (p<0.05). The result of this study suggests that an administration of high dose captopril might prevent radiation-induced renal injury, especially in the early post-irradiation period.
Animals ; Captopril* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Kidney ; Lung ; Mesangial Cells ; Microscopy, Electron ; Models, Theoretical ; Necrosis ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Radiation Injuries ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The route of transmission of leprosy is still unclear, Recently some authors proposed ge possibility that the bacilli discharged from nasal mucosa might be the source of infection in leprosy. This study was undertaken to evaluate the histopathologic findings of nasal mucosa in 24 fresh untreated patients with leprosy using hematoxyline and eosin stain, and Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Among 24 cases. under clinical observation, 10 cases(41,7%) complain of nasal stuffiness, 8 cases (33. 3%) has congestion, 1 case(4. 2%) was crusted and 1 case(4.2%) was ulcerated. 2 Bacterial index of nasal mucosal smear showed that 16 cases were positive, - 15 cases were 1+, 7 cases were 2+, 2 cases 3+ and 1 case was 4+ Linder H.E. stain, the histopathologic findings of (he inferior turbinate of nasal mucosa showed that 22 cases were cystic dilatation of mucous glands, 1) cases were granuloma with foamy cells cells and 14 cases were epidermal atrophy. TJnder Ziehl-Neelsen stain bacterial index of nasal mucosal biopsy showed that 21 cases were positive 3 cases were 3+, 7 cases were 4+6 cases were 5+ and 5 cases were 6+. As above results, the histopathologic findings of nasal mucosa were similar to the skin lesions of leprosy.
Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Dilatation ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Granuloma ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Nasal Mucosa* ; Skin ; Turbinates ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Fetal Development* ; Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonics*