Kaposi's sarcoma may be associated with other neoplasm, and this may indicate that Kaposi's sarcoma is related with altered immunologic surveillance. There has been only one reported case of Kaposi's sarcoma with concomitant pancreatic cancer in Korea, but Kaposi's sarcoma with concomitant colon cancer has not been reported in Korea. We report here on a case of Kaposi's sarcoma with concomitant colon cancer in an 82-year-old Korean woman who had no other evidence of immunosuppression.
Aged, 80 and over ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Immunologic Surveillance ; Korea ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Sarcoma, Kaposi

The association of classic Kaposi's sarcoma with other neoplasm(primary or secondary) may serve as a clinical indicator for altered immunologic surveillance mechanisms. The association have been discussed for several decades. But the association of Kaposi's sarcoma with pancreatic cancer has not been reported. We report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma associated with pancreatic cancer in a 79-year-old man, who had tender papules and plaques on the left hand. The histopathologic findings showed typical features of Kaposi's sarcoma as a dermal tumor composed of vascular proliferations, vascular slits, spindle cells, extravasated erythrocytes and deposits of hemosiderin.
Aged ; Erythrocytes ; Hand ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Immunologic Surveillance ; Pancreatic Neoplasms* ; Sarcoma, Kaposi*

Through consensus, establish a post-marketing scheme and the technical processes to evaluate Chinese medicine's immunotoxicity on a population, as well as its beneficial influences on the immune system. Provide regulations on the collection, storage and transportation of serum samples. This article applies to the post-marketing scientific evaluation of the immunotoxicity of parenterally administered, and for other ways of taking Chinese medicine.
Consensus ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; immunology ; Drug Monitoring ; adverse effects ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Expert Testimony ; Humans ; Immunologic Techniques ; methods ; standards ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; methods ; standards ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Ursolic acid (UA) is a sort of pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid purified from natural plant. UA has a series of biological effects such as sedative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, antiulcer, etc. It is discovered that UA has a broad-spectrum anti-tumor effect in recent years, which has attracted more and more scholars' attention. This review explained anti-tumor actions of UA, including (1) the protection of cells' DNA from different damages; (2) the anti-tumor cell proliferation by the inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor/mitogen-activated protein kinase signal or of FoxM1 transcription factors, respectively; (3) antiangiogenesis, (4) the immunological surveillance to tumors; (5) the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion; (6) the effect of UA on caspase, cytochromes C, nuclear factor kappa B, cyclooxygenase, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or mammalian target of rapamycin signal to induce tumor cell apoptosis respectively, and etc. Moreover, UA has selective toxicity to tumor cells, basically no effect on normal cells. With further studies, UA would be one of the potential anti-tumor agents.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunologic Surveillance ; drug effects ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of different anesthesia methods on immune surveillance and tumor metastasis in tumor-bearing rats.

METHODSSeventy-two Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups and anesthetized for 1 h with ketamine (group K), propofol (group P), or neuraxial block (group B). All the rats were subjected to laparotomy followed by intravenous injection of MADB106 tumor cells, and 24 h after the injection, the number and activity of circulating CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and D4(+)/CD8(+) lymphocyte subsets and NK cellèCD161a(+)éwere assessed. Three weeks later, the lung metastases were counted.

RESULTSCompared with those in group B, the numbers of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD161a(+) lymphocytes and the activity of circulating NK cells were significantly reduced, and the lung metastases of MADB106 increased significantly in groups K and P (P<0.05 or 0.01 ). The activity of immune surveillance in group K was significantly lower than that in group P except for CD8(+) cells, and the tumor metastases in group K increased significantly in comparison with those in group P (P<0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNeuraxial block provides protection of the activity of immune surveillance and reduces tumor metastases in tumor-bearing rats compared with general anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Epidural ; adverse effects ; Anesthesia, General ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; immunology ; surgery ; Female ; Immunologic Surveillance ; immunology ; Ketamine ; pharmacology ; Lung Neoplasms ; immunology ; secondary ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Nerve Block ; Propofol ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344

This study was undertaken to investigate the characterization and distribution patterns of MHC class II positive dendritic cells[DCs] and ED2 positive tissue macrophages throughout the estrous cycle and during pregnancy in the rat ovary. The immunohistochemical characterization of the cells was carried out using the monoclonal antibodies OX6 and ED2 in cryostat-cut sections. DCs were distributed in the theca cell layer of the growing and mature follicles,stroma and corpus luteum. Tissue macrophages were distributed in the theca externa of the growing and mature follicles, stroma and corpus luteum but they were smaller in number than DCs. None of DC and tissue macrophage was found in the ovum, granulosa layer and follicular cavity of the ovarian follicle. However, DCs and tissue macrophages were present in the granulosa layer and follicular cavity in the atretic follicles. Degenerating corpus luteum contained a vast number of OX6 positive cells. On the contrary, fewer tissue macrophages were founcl in the degenerating corpus luteum. More macrophages tended to be observed in the former follicular cavity and theca lutein cell layer than in the granulosa lutein cell layer of the corpus luteum. In stroma,DCs and tissue macrophages were more frequently found around the blood vessels than in the other region, however, DCs were relatively greater in number than tissue macrophages. There was no estrous cycle and pregnancy dependent variation in the numbers and distribution patterns of DCs and tissue macrophages. In conclusion, the rat ovary contains rich networks of MHC class II positive dendritic cells and ED2 positive tissue macrophages. These findings suggest the existence of a well-developed system of immunological surveillance in the rat ovary. The results of this study have potentially important implications for the understanding not only of the ovarian immune system and the pathogenesis of various ovarian diseases but also of various physiologic functions of the ovary.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Blood Vessels ; Corpus Luteum ; Dendritic Cells* ; Estrous Cycle ; Female ; Immune System ; Immunologic Surveillance ; Luteal Cells ; Macrophages* ; Ovarian Diseases ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary* ; Ovum ; Pregnancy ; Rats* ; Theca Cells

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been detected in about 10% of gastric carcinomas. However, the pathogenetic role of EBV in gastric carcinoma is uncertain. This study was to explore the correlation of Fas/FasL expression to the apoptosis of tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC).

METHODSFas/FasL expression in 49 specimens of EBVaGC, 20 specimens of EBV-negative gastric carcinoma (EBVnGC) and 12 specimens of normal gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry. The apoptotic index (AI) of cells was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTSThe positive rates of Fas were 91.7% in normal gastric mucosa and 76.8% in gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05); those of FasL were 16.7% in normal gastric mucosa and 58% in gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). The positive rate of Fas was significantly lower in EBVaGC than in EBVnGC (71.4% vs. 90.0%, P < 0.05). The positive rate of FasL in EBVaGC was significantly higher than that in EBVnGC (63.2% vs. 45%, P < 0.05). The AI of EBVaGC cells was significantly lower than that of EBVnGC cells (P = 0.002). The number and AI of TIL in EBVaGC were higher than those in EBVnGC (P < 0.05). The AI of TIL was positively correlated with the level of FasL expression in tumor cells (r=0.237, P = 0.028).

CONCLUSIONUp-regulation of FasL expression and decrease of TIL apoptosis in EBVaGC may facilitate the escape of tumor cells from the host immunosurveillance, and it might contribute to the development and progression of carcinoma.

Adult ; Apoptosis ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunologic Surveillance ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Tumor Escape ; fas Receptor ; metabolism