1.Present situation in the study of antisperm antibodies.
Guangwei LI ; Guanghui DU ; Weimin YANG
National Journal of Andrology 2004;10(5):385-390
Immune factors account for 5%-15% of male infertility. Because of the diversity in molecular weight, structure and location, sperm antigens play different roles in immune infertility. Antisperm antibodies (AsAb) influence sperm function not only by direct action, but also by changing the local microenvironment indirectly. This paper reviews the progress in the studies of the implication of human sperm antigens, the function, mechanisms, categories and titer of AsAb in male infertility.
Antibodies
;
immunology
;
Humans
;
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
;
immunology
;
Male
;
Reproduction
;
Spermatozoa
;
immunology
3.Diagnostic value of Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen-IgA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis.
Shan LI ; Yan DENG ; Xi LI ; Qiao-pei CHEN ; Xiang-cheng LIAO ; Xue QIN
Chinese Medical Journal 2010;123(9):1201-1205
BACKGROUNDNon-invasive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening usually involves serological testing for the presence of IgA antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen (VCA). The present meta-analysis determined the accuracy of VCA-IgA in the diagnosis of NPC.
METHODSA systematic review of studies was conducted and data on the accuracy of VCA-IgA concentrations in the diagnosis of NPC were pooled using random effects models. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to summarize the overall test performance.
RESULTSTwenty studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The summary estimates for VCA-IgA in the diagnosis of NPC were: sensitivity 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90 - 0.92), specificity 0.92 (95%CI: 0.92 - 0.93), positive likelihood ratio 31.65 (95%CI: 10.99 - 91.15), negative likelihood ratio 0.10 (95%CI: 0.07 - 0.13) and diagnostic odds ratio 414.59 (95%CI: 174.96 - 982.42). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.98.
CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity and the specificity of serum VCA-IgA are very high, suggesting that the presence of VCA-IgA in peripheral blood is a valuable predictor for NPC.
Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Capsid Proteins ; immunology ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; immunology ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; immunology
4.Immune complex may play an important role in freezing injury of frostbite rats.
Xue-Chun LU ; Feng-Zhi LI ; Xiao-Hua CHI ; Jia-Ying LIU ; Zhao-Yun YIN
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 2006;22(4):479-483
AIMTo explore the role of humoral immunity in the pathophysiological process of freezing injury and the possible immune interference in the preventation and treatment of frostbite.
METHODSSevere experimental freezing injury model was made in Wistar rats( n = 20). The concentration of three types of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM), two types of complement components (C3 and C4), and circulating immune complex (CIC) were measured respectively before and at 4h, 1d, 3d, and 5d after frostbite. At the same time, the tissue immune complex (TIC) in skeletal muscle and the contents of the red blood cell immune complex (RBC-IC) were also observed and then was the red blood cell immune adherence activity (RCIA).
RESULTSSerum IgG concentration decreased rapidly to the lowest level at 4 h after frostbite IgA concentration dropped to the nadir on 1 day after freezing. Decreases of both immunoglobulins were maintained during the 5 days after frostbite. The fate of both C3 and C4 were the same as those immunoglobulins. Freezing had rather less effect on IgM level. CIC concentration in serum, expressed as the percent of prefreezing increased rapidly and to the zenith on the 3 days post-freezing. By immunofluorescence microscopy, thin continuous linear pattern (IgG) was demonstrated along the SM on the first day post-freezing. Granular and nodular deposits (IgG) appeared along the SM as the time proceeded after frostbite. RBC-IC contents, expressed as the erythrocyte IC rosette rate, increased significantly and to the zenith on the 3 d post-freezing, while RCIA depressed to the nadir at the same time.
CONCLUSIONThe freezing frostbite is an immune complex related disease which have not been reported by others before.
Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; analysis ; immunology ; Frostbite ; blood ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin A ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin G ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin M ; immunology ; Immunoglobulins ; immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
5.Immunoglobulin E in health and disease
Asia Pacific Allergy 2011;1(1):12-15
The discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) was a breakthrough in the field of Allergy and Immunology. Our understanding of mechanisms of allergic reactions and the role of IgE in these disorders has paralleled to the discovery of treatment modalities for patients with allergy. Apart from allergic diseases, IgE is involved in pathogenesis of other disorders. Much controversy exists about the control of total IgE (tIgE) levels and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) profiles in allergic individuals. This review aims at giving a comprehensive overview of IgE molecule and discussing the issues related to its importance in clinical setting.
Allergy and Immunology
;
Humans
;
Hypersensitivity
;
Immunoglobulin E
;
Immunoglobulins
6.Improved biochemical characteristics of human disulfide-stabilized Fv fragment to rabies virus.
Xiao-Ling ZHAO ; Jun YIN ; Su-Juan ZHANG ; Wei-Qiang CHEN
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2005;21(2):265-269
This study is (1) to improve the stabilization of human scFv to rabies virus; (2) to prepare active human dsFv fragment; and (3) to evaluate the biological activities of dsFv. The dsFv V(H) and VL were separately expressed in PET22b(+)/BL21 (DE3), solublized and combined in appropriate molar ratio in refolding solution. The resultant dsFv fragments were evaluated for its protection against rabies virus, its affinity and stability, in reference to the cognate scFv. The dsFv was found to bind specifically to Vero vaccine of rabies virus. Compared to the scFv, the dsFv was more stable, had higher affinity, and was able to inhibit the infection of Rabies virus to Vero cell. This established a solid basis for the clinical application of dsFv to rabies virus.
Antibodies, Viral
;
immunology
;
Disulfides
;
chemistry
;
Humans
;
Immunoglobulin Fragments
;
immunology
;
metabolism
;
Immunoglobulin Variable Region
;
immunology
;
metabolism
;
Rabies virus
;
immunology
7.IgG4-related sclerosing diseases.
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2008;37(2):135-138
9.Role of IgG, IgA, and IgE Antibodies in Nasal Polyp Tissue: Their Relationships with Eosinophilic Infiltration and Degranulation.
Kyung Sik SUH ; Hae Sim PARK ; Dong Ho NAHM ; Yoon Keun KIM ; Young Mok LEE ; Keehyun PARK
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2002;17(3):375-380
To confirm local production of IgE, and evaluate role of immunoglobulins on eosinophil activation in nasal polyp (NP) tissue, we measured IgG, IgA, secretory IgA(sIgA), total (tIgE) and specific IgE (sIgE) to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(DP) by ELISA in NP tissue homogenates from 51 subjects. They were classified according to skin reactivity to DP: group I, 15 highly atopic subjects; group II, 18 weakly atopic subjects; and group III, 18 non-atopic subjects. Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) level was measured by CAP system. Highest level of DP-sIgE was noted in group I, followed by group II and III (p<0.05). Nine (60%) of group I and 4 (22%) of group II subjects had detectable level of DP-sIgE with no significant differences in IgA, sIgA, and IgG. All of NP tissue had eosinophilic infiltration with no significant difference in activated eosinophil count or ECP level among 3 groups. A significant correlation was noted between EG2+ cell count and tIgE (r=0.55, p<0.05), and DP-sIgE level (r=0.60, p<0.05). A significant correlation was also noted between ECP and IgG (r=0.51, p<0.05) and DP-sIgE level (r=0.47, p<0.05) with no significant correlation with IgA or sIgA. These results suggest that DP-sIgE was detectable in NP tissue from weakly atopic subjects as well as highly atopic subjects. IgG and sIgE may have potential roles in eosinophil degranulation in NP tissue.
Blood Proteins/analysis
;
Cell Degranulation/immunology
;
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/immunology
;
Eosinophil Granule Proteins
;
Eosinophils/immunology
;
Humans
;
Immunoglobulin A/analysis/immunology
;
Immunoglobulin E/analysis/immunology
;
Immunoglobulin G/analysis/immunology
;
Immunoglobulins/analysis/*immunology
;
Nasal Polyps/*immunology/pathology
;
*Ribonucleases
10.Baculovirus expression of two human recombinant neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis A virus.
Jing-yuan CAO ; Mi-fang LIANG ; Qing-ling MENG ; Xiao-fang WANG ; Yong-gang XU ; Ke-qian GUO ; Mei-yun ZHAN ; Sheng-li BI ; De-xin LI
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology 2004;18(1):20-23
OBJECTIVETo develop human recombinant neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) by baculovirus expression system.
METHODSThe heavy and light chain genes of two human-derived neutralizing Fab antibodies to HAV were cloned into baculovirus expression vector Pac-kappa-Fc and Pac-L-Fc, and further expressed in insect cells as IgG antibodies. The IgG products were purified and well characterized.
RESULTSThe baculovirus expressed McAb HAFc16 fully retained the specificity of binding to hepatitis A virus and the competition with mouse anti-hepatitis A virus McAb using ELISA. The viral neutralization assay in vitro demonstrated the retention of antibody function after expression of the human antibody in insect cells. The other expressed antibody HAFc78 also has the neutralizing activity but it is directed against different epitopes of HAV when compared with HAFc16.
CONCLUSIONThe recombinant baculovirus/insect cells expressed human neutralizing IgG antibodies to hepatitis A virus retained all biological functions specific for hepatitis A virus. The results provided the possibility of using these antibodies to rapidly protect high risk or early exposure populations from hepatitis A virus infection.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Baculoviridae ; genetics ; Hepatitis A virus ; immunology ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology