OBJECTIVETo study the possible role of human β-defensins 1 (Hbd-1) and immunoglobulins A, G and M (IgA, IgG and IgM) in the development of recurrent pneumonia by measuring serum concentrations of the above indexes in infants with recurrent pneumonia and healthy infants.

METHODSSerum samples were obtained from 35 healthy children and 35 children aged from 2 to 24 months with recurrent pneumonia. Serum Hbd-1 concentration was measured using ELISA. Serum IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations were measured by immunonephelometry. The correlation of hBD-1 with IgA, IgG and IgM was evaluated.

RESULTSThe serum concentration of hBD-1 in infants with recurrent pneumonia (14±11 μg/mL) was significantly lower than in controls (18±11 μg/mL) (P<0.05), as was the serum concentration of IgA in infants with recurrent pneumonia (1.3±0.6 g/L vs 1.5±0.8 g/L; P<0.05). The serum concentration of IgG in infants with recurrent pneumonia was also significantly lower than in controls (9±3 g/L vs 13±5 g/L; P<0.05). There were no linear relationships between serum Hbd-1 and IgA, IgG and IgM (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe serum levels of hBD-1, IgA and IgG decrease in infants with recurrent pneumonia, suggesting disorders in the immune defensive function of the respiratory tract, and this may be one of the immunity related reasons for recurrent pneumonia in infants. It is of great clinical value to measure serum levels of Hbd-1, IgA, IgG and IgM in infants with recurrent pneumonia.

Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Infant ; Male ; Pneumonia ; immunology ; Recurrence ; beta-Defensins ; blood

Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; blood ; Leukemia ; blood ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of multiple serological methods in the identification of complex antibodies. METHODS: The blood group antigens were detected by saline and microcolumn agglutination methods. The saline method was used to screen and identify IgM-type antibodies in the patient's serum, while the polybrene, anti-globulin, microcolumn agglutination, enzymic and absorption-elution methods were used to screen and identify IgG-type antibodies. RESULTS: The patient was B/CCDee/Jk(a-b+)/Fy(a-b+) blood type. The serum reacted with panel cells, and the reaction presented anti-E pattern in the saline medium. It was fully positive in the microcolumn agglutination card, except 2 negative ones after using papain to treat the panel cells. Referring to the pattern table, it was concluded that there existed anti-c, anti-E, and anti-Jk^a antibodies, and one antibody corresponding to an antigen that was easily destroyed by papain. The red blood cells with specific phenotype were selected for absorption-elution to identify IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies. CONCLUSION It is confirmed that IgM-type anti-E, and IgG-type anti-c, anti-E, anti-Jk^a and anti-Fy^a antibodies exist in the patient's serum by multiple serological methods.
Humans ; Papain ; Blood Group Antigens ; Erythrocytes ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M

The changes in serum levels of immunoglobulins G, M and A of dairy and beef calves of well-managed herds were monitored from birth to 14 days post partum using single radial immunodiffusion. Serum levels of all three immunoglobulin classes reached its peak at 24 hours in both groups of calves after birth, at which time there were very high levels of each immunoglobulin present. The mean IgM and IgA levels of the two groups became same at 6 days and 8 days of age, respectively but the mean IgG level of beef calves was approximately twice that of dairy calves throughout the experiment.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cattle/*immunology ; Female ; Immunodiffusion/veterinary ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Immunoglobulins/*blood ; Male ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical significance of serum free light chain (sFLC) detection in light chain multiple myeloma (LCMM).

METHODSA total of 37 newly diagnosed LCMM patients were enrolled in this study, including 17 patients with k light chain type and 20 patients with λ light chain type, the sFLC and 24 hours urine light chain (ULC) were measured before and after chemotherapy. The correlation of sFLC level with ULC and renal impairment was analyzed.

RESULTSAll the patients displayed an abnormally increased level of sFLC at diagnosis wtih median value of 105.44 mg/L and 146.39 mg/L for k and λ light chain types, respectively. The sFLC did not correlate with ULC before and after chemotherapy. Among the 12 patients with very good partial remission and normal ULC level, the sFLC still was abnormally increased in 8 patients. Renal impairment was associated with the urine λ-type light chain, and the area under the ROC curve of urine λ light chain at diagnosis is 0.792 (P = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONAll patients with LCMM show an abnormally increased level of sFLC at diagnosis. sFLC can be used to monitor the response to chemotherapy because it is more sensitive for analysis of therapeutic effect than urine λ light chain.

Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; blood ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; blood ; Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains ; blood ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; drug therapy ; Renal Insufficiency

Objective: To summarize changes of serum immunoglobulin levels before and after chemotherapy in children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL), so as to investigate the effects of chemotherapy and rituximab on serum immunoglobulin levels in children with BL. Methods: Clinical data of 223 children with newly diagnosed Burkitt lymphoma at Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2009 to April 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. They were treated according to the modified LMB 89 regimen and some of them received combined rituximab therapy during the chemotherapy. The serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, IgG) before chemotherapy, at the time of discontinuing chemotherapy, as well as 6, 12, 24, 36 months after chemotherapy were collected. Changes of serum IgA, IgM and IgG with time among different treatment groups were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: According to risk group, 223 children were devided into group B（n=53）and group C（n=170）. Before chemotherapy, 109 cases (48.9%) were combined with hypogammaglobulinemia. The serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels of all the patients were (0.9±0.7), 1.2 (0.5, 1.3) and (7.2±2.9) g/L before chemotherapy, (0.5±0.4), 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) and (6.3±2.3) g/L at the time of discontinuing chemotherapy (t=13.63, Z=-11.99, t=4.57, all P<0.05). There were statistical difference in IgA, IgM levels of group B and IgA, IgM, IgG levels of group C before chemotherapy and at the time of discontinuing chemotherapy (t=8.86, Z=-6.28, t=11.19, Z=-10.15, t=4.50, all P<0.05). The differences of serum IgA and IgG levels at the time after chemotherapy among patients treated with chemotherapy alone and those treated with chemotherapy combined rituximab in group B and C were significant (F=5.38, P=0.002 and F=4.22, P=0.007). Conclusions: Approximately half of children with BL have already existed hypogammaglobulinemia at initial diagnosis prior to the start of treatment. The modified LMB 89 regimen have significant effect on humoral immunity of children with BL. In the process of immune reconstruction after chemotherapy, rituximab has more significant effect on serum IgA and IgG levels in BL patients.
Agammaglobulinemia ; Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Child ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/blood* ; Immunoglobulin G/blood* ; Immunoglobulin M/blood* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab/therapeutic use*

IgG₄ is a subclass of IgG. Elevated serum IgG₄ levels are an important serological feature of IgG₄ related diseases and serve as a serological marker for assessing disease activity and severity. The harmonization of IgG₄ detection is crucial for its clinical application. National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Experimental Diagnosis Research Committee, Rheumatology and Immunology Physicians Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Autoantibodies Detection Committee, and Chinese Rheumatism Data Center have organized clinical and laboratory experts to draft this consensus, aiming to standardize IgG₄ detection and provide guideline for clinician and laboratory experts to appropriate utility and interpret IgG₄ results in China.
Humans ; China ; Consensus ; Immunoglobulin G/blood*

Adolescent ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; blood ; immunology ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Male

PURPOSE: The nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by the favorable response to glucocorticoid therapy and the development of NS may be associated with dysfunctional immune systems. In order to investigate the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and cytokines activity in pediatric NS, the total of 32 steroid responsive NS patients and 5 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were divided into two groups according to the initial serum IgE levels, such as normal and high IgE group, and their clinical characteristics were evaluated. In addition, serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta were compared and correlated with serum albumin, proteinuria by means of disease severity, and cytokines. RESULTS: In the high IgE group, the higher comorbidity of allergic diseases and relapsing rate, the longer duration of steroid therapy before initial remission, and the higher serum IL-4 and IL-5 levels were found. In all patients, initially higher serum levels of IL-4 and IL-5 declined to normal levels after steroid therapy, whereas the serum IL-10 levels showed no significant difference between nephrotic phase (heavy proteinuria) and remission phase (no proteinuria) of NS. The serum TGF-beta levels of the nephrotic phase were significantly lower than those of remission phase or control group, and returned to normal control levels after steroid therapy. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that initial IgE level is associated with steroid responsiveness and disease severity, and cytokine activities may also be related to the pathogenesis of pediatric steroid responsive NS.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines/*blood ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; Immunoglobulin E/*blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Infant ; Interleukin-4/blood ; Interleukin-5/blood ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome/*blood/*drug therapy ; Steroids/*therapeutic use ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/blood

Adult ; Female ; Hepatitis ; blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood