Trichogenic tumors are very rare and described as cutaneous neoplasms probably derived from hair germ which develops into hair follicles. We report a case of trichoblastic fibroma on the left parietal scalp of a 45-year-old man. The lesion was a solitary, firm, non-tender, 2×2cm subcutaneous nodule. The histopathological study showed a well circumscribed dermal tumor composed of abundant basophilic palisading basaloid lobules with some keratinous cysts, hair follicle differentiation and fibroblastic stroma.
Basophils ; Fibroblasts ; Fibroma* ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rabeprazole ; Scalp

BACKGROUND: Centrotemporal spikes (CTS) are the hallmark of the syndrome of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes or Rolandic seizures. However, they also can be encountered in other symptomatic epilepsies or may incidentally be found in non-epileptic children with or without neurological symptoms. We investigated clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics of children with CTS on EEG. METHODS: A 7 year material of children with CTS on EEG were reviewed. Sixty-eight children were found. RESULTS: Among them, 55 patients exhibited recurrent rolandic seizures of benign course (so-called benign rolandic epilepsy ; BRE), 9 children suffered from chronic headache without clinical seizure, three patients showed multiple types of seizures or rolandic seizures with some degree of mental retardation, and one child was asymptomatic. In 55 BRE cases, seven children (13%) had a preceding history of febrile convulsions, and a positive family history of epilepsy was found in 9 patients. Generalized spike and wave discharges were observed in 9 patients (16.7%), but none of them experienced clinical absence seizure. In 25 of 29 BRE patients who showed overt lateralized ictal manifestations on history, symptoms were correlated with the main foci of spike discharges. Of the nine children, found to have CTS during evaluation of chronic intermittent or daily headache, the headache was successfully controlled by antiepileptic drugs in two cases. CONCLUSION: Most children with CTS were compatible to the BRE without any causative lesional factor. However, nonepileptic cases were not uncommon and, though rare, atypical cases were also present in children with CTS on EEG.
Anticonvulsants ; Child* ; Electroencephalography* ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Absence ; Epilepsy, Rolandic ; Headache ; Headache Disorders ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile

No abstract available.
Aminosalicylic Acid* ; Cycloserine* ; Prothionamide* ; Retreatment* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Humans

Seizure induced transient brain CT or MRI abnormalities following status epilepticus have previously been reported. However, focal transient imaging abnormalities involving hippocampus or mesial temporal lobe as a consequence of seizure are rare findings. We report 2 patients with transient mesial temporal abnormalities on MRI associated with partial seizure of temporal lobe origin. A 59-year-old man with a 4-month history of occasional epigastric rising sensation had developed frequent olfactory hallucination 7 days prior to presentation. On brain MRI, T2 signal was increased in the right mesial temporal region, and the lesion showed mild mass effects and partial enhancement after gadolinium injection. Interictal spikes were noted from right nasopharyngeal electrode, but there was no clinical or electrical evidence of status epilepticus during prolonged scalp/sphenoidal EEG monitoring. His seizures were successfully controlled by phenytoin. T2 high signal was markedly decreased and prior enhancement was no longer seen on brain MRI done 5 weeks later. A 33-year old woman with a 6 month history of occasional vacant staring and oral automatism with amnesia complained progressive memory impairment. Right amygdala and hippocampal head was enlarged and showed T2 high signal without contrast enhancement. EEG with sphenoidal electrodes showed right sphenoidal spikes. Her seizures were controlled by carbamazepine and brain MRI became unremarkable 6 weeks later. Suggested mechanisms and significance of the transient imaging abnormalities following seizures will be briefly reviewed.
Adult ; Amnesia ; Amygdala ; Automatism ; Brain ; Carbamazepine ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Gadolinium ; Hallucinations ; Head ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Phenytoin ; Seizures* ; Sensation ; Status Epilepticus ; Temporal Lobe*

PURPOSE: No precise data are available showing how magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can be applied to diagnosis for the first attack of a suspected cerebrovascular disease in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application level of MRI and MRA as diagnostic tools and the related factors to the use of these techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used the health benefit claim data of 89,890 patients who were hospitalized for the first time due to suspected cerebrovascular disease in 2007 without having visited medical institutions as an outpatient or inpatient from 2003 to 2006. RESULTS: Of the 89,890 cases, 28.4% took both MRI and MRA, 10.7% took only MRI and 6.9% took only MRA. The related factors identified in the multivariate logistic regression analysis were gender, type of insurance, type of medical institution, type of department, duration of hospitalization, and type of disease. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the application level of MRI and MRA as diagnostic measures for the first attack of a suspected cerebrovascular diseases varied depending on several factors. It is necessary to study more accurate levels of computerized tomography (CT), computerized tomography angiography (CTA), MRI or MRA as measures to diagnose a first attack of suspected cerebrovascular disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/*diagnosis/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography/*utilization ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*utilization ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Republic of Korea ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Pulsating exophthalmos, bruit, episcleral venous distention, conjunctival and (eye)lid edema, ophthalmoplegia, and ocular pain have long been regarded as the classic symptoms and signs of idiopathic dural carotid cavernous sinus fistula(CCF). We experienced a 39-year-old woman who presented with headache and cyclovertical diplopia. On neurologic examination, we found isolated left trochlear nerve palsy only. The past medical history was not remarkable. Intracranial magnetic resonance angiography revealed abnormal signals around the carotid siphon on both sides. Conventional angiography confirmed bilateral dural CCFs, leaking predominantly from the left side. Diplopia and headache had improved spontaneously over 3 weeks after the onset. Occasionally, isolated oculomotor or abducens nerve palsy has been reported as the sole clinical finding of symptomatic dural CCF. But isolated trochlear nerve palsy with dural CCF is extremely rare. Although the exact mechanisms of isolated trochlear nerve palsy by dural CCF is unclear, various mechanisms have been proposed, including compression of trochlear nerve by venous congestion or direct shunted flow in cavernous sinus, vascular steel phenomenon, and venous thrombosis.
Abducens Nerve Diseases ; Adult ; Angiography ; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula* ; Cavernous Sinus ; Diplopia ; Edema ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Neurologic Examination ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Steel ; Trochlear Nerve Diseases* ; Trochlear Nerve* ; Venous Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: Microalbuminuria predicts cardiovascular events in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. But, few studies have addressed the relationship between microalbuminuria and cerebral infarction. We determined the incidence of microalbuminuria in non-diabetic subjects with cerebral infarction and investigated the relationship between urinary albumin excretion and risk factors of the stroke. METHODS: Urinary albumin excretion rate, 24 hours blood pressure monitoring, fasting serum lipid profiles, fibrinogen, fasting glucose, insulin and c-peptide were evaluated in 50 non-diabetic patients with acute cerebral infarction and matched 48 controls. RESULTS: Microalbuminuria was detected in 23 of 50(46%) patients with acute cerebral infarction and 4 of 48(8%) control subjects. Hypertension was present in 13 of 23(57%) microalbuminuric patients and 9 of 27(33%) non-microalbuminuric patients. In the microalbuminuric patients with cerebral infarction, diastolic blood pressure and fasting glucose were significantly greater than the control group. But, no difference in systolic blood pressure, lipid level, fibrinogen, fasting insulin and c-peptide level. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with cerebral infarction was higher than controls and it was associated with increased diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and fasting blood glucose(FBS). Therefore, microalbuminuria is associated with thrombogenic cerebral infarction and it was partly mediated by DBP and FBS.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; C-Peptide ; Cerebral Infarction ; Fasting ; Fibrinogen ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Insulin ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Hernia, Abdominal ; Herpes Zoster

No abstract available.
Kidney* ; Transplants* ; Tuberculosis*