No Abstract Available.
Calmodulin* ; Cell Death* ; Humans* ; Retinoblastoma*

No abstract available.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration*

Pure primary hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma in adult is very uncommon. There have been only five previous case of primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the adult liver. A case of hepatic ihabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed in a 52 year-old female. She was admitted to the hospital due to the epigastric pain and weight loss. A CT scan of the abdomen showed a large hypodense mass with focal calcification occupies most of the both lobes of the liver. The liver biopsy showed massive liver tumor composed entirely of oval shaped cells showing light microscopic and immunohistochemical evidence of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. We report a case of hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma with review of literature.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Weight Loss

Majority of .hepatocellular carcinoma is evolved from a well differentiated cancerous condition such as hypetptastic lesions eg; adenomatous hyperplasia in cirrhotic liver or de no vo carcinogenesis and prolifenation along with dedifferentiation. Adenomatous hyperplasia is may be seen in severe acute hepatic injury, like svhmassive hepatic necrosis, or in chronic liver diseases, particularly liver cirrhosis and it has recently attracted much interest from both clinicians and pathologists because it is regarded as a precursor lesion of hepatocObdar carcinoma. Hepatic. denomatous hyperplasia resembling focal nodular hyperplasia might have developed from localized vascular changes associated with chronic liver disease, pre-existing arterial malformation and early stage of angiogenesis in hepatocarcinogenesis. .fie present a patient who developed hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic artery ligation.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia ; Hepatic Artery* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Ligation* ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Necrosis

BACKGROUND: Electrical breathing pacing has many advantages over mechanical ventilation. However, clinically permanent diaphragmatic pacing has been applied to limited patients and few temporary pacing has been reported. Our purpose is to investigate the feasibility of temporary electrical diaphragm pacing in explothoracotomy canine cases. METHODS: Five dogs were studied under the general anesthesia. Left 5th intercostal space was opened. Self designed temporary pacing leads were placed around the left phrenic nerve and connected to the myostimulator. Chest wall was closed after tube insertion with underwater drainage. Millar catheter was introduced to the aorta and right atrium. Swan-Ganz catheter was introduced to the pulmonary artery. When the self respiration was shallow with deep anesthesia, hemodynamic and tidal volume were measured with the stimulator on. RESULTS: Tidal volume increased from 143.3 +/- 51.3 ml to 272.3 +/- 87.4 ml(p=0.004). Right atrial diastolic pressure decreased from 0.7 +/- 4.0 mmHg to -10.5 +/- 4.7 mmHg(p=0.005). Pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure decreased from 6.1 +/- 2.5 mmHg to 1.2 +/- 4.8 mmHg(p<0.001). The height of water level in chest tube to show intrathoracic pressure change was from 10.3 +/- 6.7cmH2O to 20.0 +/- 5.3 cmH2O. CONCLUSION: Temporary electrical diaphragmatic pacing is a simple method to assist respiration in explothoracotomy canine cases. Self designed pacing lead is implantable and removable. Negative pressure ventilation has favorable effects on the circulatory system. Therefore, clinical application of temporary breathing pacing is feasible in thoracotomy patients to assist cardiorespiratory function.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Aorta ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Chest Tubes ; Diaphragm ; Dogs ; Drainage ; Heart Atria ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Phrenic Nerve ; Pulmonary Artery ; Respiration ; Respiration, Artificial ; Thoracic Wall ; Thoracotomy ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation ; Water

The ratio of acetoacetate to 8-hydroxybutyrate (ketone body ratio) in the blood may reflects the mitochondrial free NAD+/NADH ratio in the liver. Also arterial ketone body ratio will reflects the energy status of the hepatocytes, because mitochondrial free NAD+/NADH ratio is closely related to oxidative phosphorylation. Arterial ketone body ratio and osmolal gap, the difference between measured osmolality and calculated osmolality, were measured 30 min after the induction of hemorrhagic shock with mean arterial blood pressure at 40 mmHg in ten rabbits. Arterial ketone body ratios decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 0.74+/-0.17 to 0.38+/-0.09 and osmolal gap increased significantly (p<0.05) from 17.7+/-5.9 mOsm/Kg to 32.8+/-12.3 mOsm/Kg at 30 min after the induction of hemorrhagic shock. These results suggest that in hemorrhagic shock, decreased arterial ketone body ratio which reflects the inhibition of the TCA cycle is associated with increase of osmolal gap.
Arterial Pressure ; Hepatocytes ; Liver ; Osmolar Concentration ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Rabbits ; Shock, Hemorrhagic*

OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC), and to analyze the causes of failed VBAC. METHODS:This study was performed based on 193 pregnant women who tried vaginal delivery after cesarean section in Chungbuk National University Hospital from January 1997 to December 2005. Maternal age, gestational age, cervical dilatation at admisson, maternal body mass index (BMI), neonatal bodyweight, history of prior vaginal delivery, and indication of prior cesarean section were retrospectively analyzed between the successful group and the failed group of women who tried labor. The causes of the failed trial were analyzed. RESULTS:Seventy nine percent (153/193) was successful in the trial of VBAC and 21% (40/193) failed. There were no difference in maternal age or gestational age between two groups. The success rate was significantly higher when cervical dilatation at admission was more extended, BMI of pregnant women before pregnancy and birth was lower, and birthweight of newborn was lower. Maternal request was the major cause of failure (47.5%), and others were failure to progress, non-reassuring fetal monitoring and failed induction. CONCLUSION:The factors that had significant differences in this study can be used as predictor of successful VBAC. And failed trial of VBAC due to maternal request can be decreased by adequate explanation regarding the complication of emergency operation, and enough pain control during labor.
Body Mass Index ; Cesarean Section ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor Stage, First ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Retrospective Studies ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean*

Recent reports have suggested that ergonovine stress echocardiography is a safe and accurate procedure for the diagnosis of coronary vasospasm. We experienced a case of heart arrest caused by ergonovine stress echocardiography. A 44 year-old female patient was referred to our emergency room for evaluation of chest pain. She had been admitted to another hospital complaining of chest pain and syncope. The finding of a coronary angiogram was normal and an ergonovine stress echocardiography was performed in order to diagnose the coronary vasospasm, which may be an etiologic mechanism in an unstable angina. After 250 microgram of ergonovine was administered intravenously, we suspected segmental wall motion abnormality (hypokinesia of the inferior wall). An additional dose (100 microgram) was administered to confirm the diagnosis. The patient complained of severe chest pain and dizziness. Segmental wall motion abnormalities progressed and heart arrest finally developed. She recovered following cardiopulmonary resuscitation and was discharged without complication.
Adult ; Angina, Unstable ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vasospasm ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Echocardiography, Stress* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Ergonovine* ; Female ; Heart Arrest* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Syncope

PURPOSE: We evaluated clinical outcomes after drainage for malignant pericardial effusion with imminent or overt tamponade. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2001 and June 2007, 100 patients underwent pericardiocentesis for malignant pericardial effusion. Adequate follow-up information on the recurrence of pericardial effusion and survival status was available for 98 patients. RESULTS: Recurrence of effusion occurred in 30 patients (31%), all of whom were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis indicated that adenocarcinoma of the lung (hazard ratio [HR], 6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9 to 22.3; p=0.003) and progressive disease despite chemotherapy (HR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 12.0; p=0.005) were independent predictors of recurrence. Survival rates three months after pericardiocentesis differed significantly with the type of primary cancer; the rates were 73%, 18%, 90% and 30% in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, breast cancer and other cancers, respectively. CONCLUSION: Recurrence and survival of patients with malignant pericardial effusion are dependent on the type of primary cancer and response to chemotherapy. Patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung may be good candidates for surgical drainage to avoid repeated pericardiocentesis, but pericardiocentesis is considered effective as palliative management in patients with other cancers.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardiocentesis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVE: This study was to determine whether aquaporin-4, which plays role as a transcellular water channel, is expressed in human placenta, and to compare the degree of its expression between preeclamptic women and normal pregnant women. METHODS: Placentas were obtained from severely preeclamptic women and normal pregnant women who were delivered neonates by cesarean section before the onset of labor in the Chungbuk National University Hospital. Immunohistochemistry with aquaporin-4 antibody was performed using paraffin-embedded tissue section. Signal of aquaporin-4 expression was observed with light microscope. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of aquaporin-4 in the placentas of both preeclamptic women and normal pregnant women. The degree of expression was not different in both group. CONCLUSION: Aquaporin-4 was expressed in the human placenta, but may not be related to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Cesarean Section ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant, Newborn ; Placenta* ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women