In eyes with media opacity and equivocal ultrasonographic findings, we can differenciate retinal detachment from vitreous membrane using color doppler imaging(CDI), which allows the display of blood flow characteristics on conventional ultrasonography. The authors performed high resolution Bscan ultrasonography and color doppler imaging simultaneously in 31 eyes with opacity of ocular media, and their intraoperative characteristics and post operative results were evaluated. In 30 eyes with retinal detachment or vitreous membrane, 7 eyes(23%) had equivocal ultrasonographic findings and needed color doppler imaging. Nine eyes(75%) had positive color signal in 12 eyes with retinal detachment, whereas 3 eyes negative. 17 eyes(94%) had negative color signal in 18 eyes with vitreous membrane, 1 eye with proliferative diabetic retinopathy had positive. In conclusion, color doppler imaging is a useful diagnostic method in differentiating retinal detachment from vitreous membrane.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Membranes* ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Ultrasonography

Subretinal fluid drainage produces the indentation of the sclera by facilitating firm adhesion between the retina and either retinal pigment epithelium or Bruch's membrane and has the advantage that show the state of fundus and degree of indentation of sclera accurately during the operation. Becaulse it has complications such as choroidal bleeding, retinal incarceration, iatrogenic retinal break, choroidal detachment and loss of vitreous, it should be done carefully. The authors analyzed the clinical data of 128 cases(137 eyes) of retinal detachment surgery with subretinal fluid drainage at the Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan Paik Hospital, College of medicine, Inje University from May, 1988 to April, 1990. And the results were as follows: 1. The most common operative method of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were explant buckling and encirclement with subretinal fluid drainage, and the success rate of first operation was 86.13% and the overall success rate of rhegmatogemous retinal detachment was 91.2% in 137 eyes of operation. 2. In 116 cases(92.8%) who were done subretinal fluid drainage, absorption of residual subretinal fluid took in a day. 3. The most common cause of surgical failure was proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 4. The most common complication was choroidal hemorrhage and it was developed 14 eyes(10.2%) mong 137 eyes. 5. The preoperative duration of symptom and extent of detachment were influenced to the surgical success rate and they had statistical significance(p<0.05). 6. The power of refraction was changed to myopia and ERG b-wave amplitude were increased and 89 eyes out of 137 eyes(69.6%) showed an improvement of vision at the three months after retinal detachment surgery.

The branch retinal vein occlusion is the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. Complications such as macular edema, retinal neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, epiretinal membrane may be associated. But, the retinal detachment may occur rarely in BRVO patients. We studied the clinical features of retinal detachment associated with branch retinal vein occlusion. We reviewed the medical records of 15 retinal detachment patients associated with branch retinal vein occlusion. Mean age was 54.7 years old and 10 patients(66.7%) were female. Hypertension was associated in 13cases(86.7%). The duration between the development of BRVO and the development of retinal detachment was shorter than 4 years in all cases and shorter than 2 years in 9 cases(60.0%). Retinal break was identified in 14 cases(93.3%), among which 13 cases(92.2%) were located inside the lesion of branch vein occlusion. The epiretinal membrane was frequently combined 8 cases(53.3%). The preoperative laser photocoagulation was done in 4 cases(26.7%). The primary surgical procedures included scleral buckling in 8 cases(53.3%), pars plana vitrectomy in 6 cases(40.0%), and scleral buckling with pars plana vitrectomy in 1 case(6.7%). Three cases(20.0%) required reoperations. The postoperative complications included the progression of cataract in 6 cases(40.0%), iatrogenic retinal tear in 3 cases(20.0%), epiretinal membrane in 2 cases(13.3%), and proliferative vitreoretinopathy in 1 case(6.7%). The anatomic retinal reattachment was achieved in 14 cases(93.5%) and the visual recovery in 11 cases(73.3%).
Cataract ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Epiretinal Membrane ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Medical Records ; Postoperative Complications ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Neovascularization ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleral Buckling ; Vascular Diseases ; Veins ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

We reviewed our medical records of primary retnal detachment(239 patients, 243 eyes) to compare the clincal findings of phakic retinal detachment(206 eyes) and pseudophakic retinal detachment(37 eyes). Pseudophakic retinal detachment was more common in male(73.0%) than in female(27.0%) and occurred more frequently in aged 60 years or more than phakic retinal detachment(10.4%)(P<0.001). Associated ocular finding such as high myopia(35.0%), peripheral retinal degeneration(23.3%0, retinal tear in fellow eye(5.8%) were more commonly seen in phakic retinal retinal detachment. Rupture of posterior capsule(40.5%), high myopia(18.9%), small pupil(13.5%) were associate with pseudophakic retinal detachment. In pseudophakic retinal detachment, more than 3 quadrant retinal detachment(73.0%) and macular involvement(78.4%) were more common than in phakic retinal detachment(P<0.01), but atropic hole(29.7%), or 2 or more retinal break(10.8%) were less common than in phakic retinal detachment(P<0.01) where the success rate of first operation(59.5%) and the overall success rate(81.1%) were lower in paeudophakic retinal detachment than phakic retinal detachment. The degree of visual recovery was nearly equal between two.
Humans ; Medical Records ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rupture

We know that irrigating fluid used during transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is rapidly absorbed through open prostatic venous channels in large amount. The TURP syndrome is symptom complex of hypervolemia & hyponatremia (below 130 mEq/1) due to absorption of irrigating fluid. We studied the change of serum sodium, potassium and symptom of hypervolemia during the perioperative period, in 35 patients undergoning TURP. The aim of this clinical study was to examine the possible relation between the irrigating fluid absorption & the development of hyponatremia after TURP. The results were as follow. 1) Though p value was not acceptable, there waa numerical correlation between the weight of resected prostate and the amount of irrigating fluid. 2) TURP syndrome and severe sodium change were not reported in our studiea, 3) We through the cause of above results that operation time & minimal use of irrigating fluid & minimal bleeding due to advanced operative technique, adequate fluid therapy, and intenaive monitoring of vital sign & physiologic change of patients.
Absorption ; Fluid Therapy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyponatremia* ; Perioperative Period ; Potassium ; Prostate ; Sodium ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Vital Signs

Most of the macular hole retinai detachinents are limited to the perimacular area. Therefore, we must look for the peripheral retinal hole when the macular hole retinal detachment extends beyond equator. And the principle of operation should be on the peripheral retinal hole rather than macular hole. Authors studied the clinical feature of macular hole retinal detachment associated with the peripheral retinal hole. Among the 39 macular hole retinal detachment patients, peripheral hole was found in 12 patients (30.7%). Sex distribution was the same and mean age was 55.9 years old. Retinal detachment was not diagnosed for more than I month in 7 cases (58.4%). Nine cases (75.0%) were extensive retinal detachments extending beyond 3 quardrants. Nine cases (75.0%) had one peripheral hole and most of peripheral holes were found on the ternporal side. Associated diseases were cataract (5 cases, 38. 5%) and high myopia (5 cases, 38.5%). In 4 cases (33.3%) hole was found on the opposite side. Among the 12 macular hole retinal detachment patients, 11 operations were performed with the technique of gas injection and scleral buckling which lead to successful attachment in 5 cases (41.7%). Among the 7 cases in which reoperations were needed, 3 cases (42.9%) were recurred in 3 months. In 8 cases (66.7%) there were improvements of post-operative visual acuity.
Cataract ; Humans ; Myopia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleral Buckling ; Sex Distribution ; Visual Acuity

Authors analysed clinically two groups(group A<40 years: 187 eyes, group B>40 years: 126 eyes) of 313 primary retinal detachment patients who have received operation and subsequent follow-up study for at least 3 months. The frequency by age was shown double peak at twenties and at fifties. Retinal dialysis and inferior temporal breaks in group A was shown more than those in group B, but superior temporal breaks was more occured in group B. The success rates of the first operation in group A were a little higher than those in group B. And in the case of successful eyes by the first operation, residual subretinal fluid were absorbed less than 1 day. Fish mouthing, glaucoma and chroidal detachment as intraoperative and postoperative complication occurred more frequently in group B. After the first operation, inadequate absorption of the subretinal fluid was more frequent in group B, recurrence of hole was more frequent in group A, but there's no statistical significance in above.
Absorption ; Dialysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Mouth ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Subretinal Fluid

A 70 year old male patient experienced a sudden visual acuity decrease in his left eye below 0.1 with preretinal, retinal and subretinal hemorrhage after excessive sexual activity. Four months later, his vision improved in the affected eye without any treatment. Eight months later, there was an area of organized sugbretinal hemorrhage remained around vascular arcade. We report this case with case review.
Aged ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Retinaldehyde ; Sexual Behavior* ; Visual Acuity

Fluorescein angiography(FAG)has been used to identify retinal circulation, but it has limitations to detect any other ocular circulations. Recently new technology developed indocyanine green angiography(ICGA), which allows better enhanced imaging of the ocular structures, such as choroid and other subretinal structure as compared with FAG. The authors investigated the characteristic findings of ICGA in central serous chorioretinopathy, comparing with those of FAG finding. After performing ICGA and FAG in 74 patients(74 eyes)with acute forms of central serous chorioretinopathy, as follows, arterial filling, leaking pattern. ICGA study showed presumed choroidal hyperpermeability in the 42 eyes(56.7%), which are no leak on the FAG. ICGA study showed focal hyperfluorescence detected by FAG, corresponding to presumed choroidal hyperpermeability in 65 eyes(87.8%). Delayed choroidal filling areas were showed in ICGA(49 eyes, 66.2%). ICGA study showed presumed choroidal hyperpermeability in the 32 eyes(43.2%)corresponding leak noted on the FAG. Numbers of hyperfluorescent lesion was two in 40 eyes(54.1%)on the ICGA. Most of focal leaking areas were located in superonasal area. In central serous chorioretinopathy the authors suggest that choroid is the primary pathologic focus, the choroidal circulatory dysfunction and vascular hyperpermeability can be assumed to be a causative role in structural abnormality of the retinal pigment epithelium. In conclusion we think that the ICGA is effective method for diagnosis and treatment of the central serous chorioretinopathy.
Angiography* ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Choroid ; Diagnosis ; Fluorescein ; Indocyanine Green* ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde

To evauate the clinical characteristics of pseudophakic retinal detachments, 20 eyes were reviewed retrospectively. We identified the following characteristics of pseudophakic retinal detachment ; age in period of 40 (35%) and 60(30%), male(65%), rupture of posterior capsule (intraoperative and YAG laser capsulotomy)(50%). 15(75%) of the 20 pseduophakic retinal detachment eyes occured within 24months from the time of cataract surgery. Within 6 months after cataract surgery, the incidence of retinal detachment after posterior capsule rupture was higher than after uncomplicated cataract surgery, but there was no statistical significance. Retinal breaks were not detected in 7 eyes(35%). Retinal breaks were principally located in the upper quadrant in 6 eyes, horsehoe tear and atropic hole were most commonly encountered. More than 3 quadrant retinal detachment was observed in 80% of patients at the time of presentation and macular detachment, in 75%, Anatomic success rates were 85%. All of the failures were due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Cataract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative