No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

We treated a case of extramammary Paget's disease that affected the scalp of a 45-year-old female. It is extremely rare that the disease arises in areas other than the anogenital region and the axillae. The lesion was a round erythematous oozing crusted hairless patch. Histopathologically, many pagetoid cells were found within the epidermis and dermis. The cytoplasms of these cells stained with alcian blue at pH 2.5, CEA, EMA and low-molecular-weight-cytokeratin. The patient underwent a wide local excision. We used a mapping technique to reveal the distribution of microscopically involved lesions.
Alcian Blue ; Axilla ; Cytoplasm ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Middle Aged ; Paget Disease, Extramammary* ; Scalp*

BACKGROUND: Alzhiemeranjx disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) are common types of dementia. As a result of the development of new specific agents for AD, and because vascular dementia is a potentially preventable dementia, differentiating these diseases is of great importance. The role of EEG spectral analysis in the differential diagnosis between Alzheimer type and vascular dementia is still controversial. Since there have been few studies concerning the differential diagnosis of dementia by EEG, the present study has focused on this aspect. Usefulness of EEG in differen-tial diagnosis of dementia will be elucidated by clarifying relationship between type of dementia and spectral profile of EEG. METHODS: We analyzed the power spectra taken from 16 derivations and spectral profile was constructed by averaging twenty 2 sec epochs in three study groups (normal controls, AD and VD). Spectral profile was divided into three groups; (I) type A, showing a dominant 6.5-12 Hz peak (ii) type B, lacking a dominant peak in the 6.5-12 Hz (iii) type C, corresponding to a flat, low voltage, spectrum. To elucidate the relationship between spectral profile and other factors including diagnosis, statistical test was done. RESULTS: (1) In AD, type C profile was statistically more prevalent than in VD and type A profile was reversed. (2) In AD, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was statistically lower in type C profile. (3) Spectral profile was not associated with age, age of symptom onset, and symptom duration. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that spectral profile is a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of dementia (AD and VD) and correlated with the severity of disease in AD.
Dementia ; Dementia, Vascular* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Electroencephalography*

PURPOSE: The pharmacologic effect of atropine on HPS can be considered to control pyloric muscle spasm. Therefore, we studied the effects of intravenous atropine sulfate on the clinical course of HPS, and periodically observed the ultrasonographic appearance of the pyloric muscles after atropine treatment. METHODS:From April 1998 to May 1999, 14 infants who were diagnosed with HPS were treated with intravenous atropine sulfate. Intravenous atropine sulfate was administered at an initial dose of 0.04mg/kg/day, which was divided into 8 equal doses. The daily dose was increased by 0.01 mg/kg/day until vomiting was controlled for an entire day while infants received unrestricted oral feeding. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed during hospitalization and repeated at least every 2 months until normalization of pyloric muscles was confirmed. RESULTS: Intravenous atropine was effective in 12 of 14 infants with HPS and the conditions of 9 of them improved. Two infants who were not free from vomiting despite a week of intravenous atropine sulfate treatment underwent pyloromyotomy. A series of ultrasonographic examinations were done after vomiting had improved with intravenous atropine sulfate. The ultrasonographic findings showed good passage of gastric contents through pyloric canals despite thickening of the pyloric muscles. CONCLUSION: Intravenous administration of atropine sulfate is an effective therapy for HPS and can be an alternative to pyloromyotomy. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:763-768)
Administration, Intravenous ; Atropine* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Muscles ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Spasm ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Dandy-Walker Syndrome*

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection(SCD) is a rare entity that is infrequently diasnosed antemortem. The majority of patients have presented with acute myocardial infaction or sudden death. the etiology, prognosis and treatment of this entity remain ill-defined. We report two cases of SCD which were diagnosed by coronary agniogram and intracoronary ultrasound.
Coronary Vessels* ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: The role of family caregivers is becoming more important for the recovery of patients with stroke, as the prevalence of stroke is increasing. Consequently, the burden of caregiving can affect both patients' and caregiver's functional health. The purpose of this study was to make a novel caregiving burden scale and evaluate factors that influence the burden of the family caregiver. METHODS: The caregiver burden scale consists of four aspects: psycho-emotional, financial, physical and isolation from social activities. The questionnaire was administrated to the family care-givers of 118 patients with stroke who consented to be interviewed. Among 118 caregivers, we analyzed 106 caregivers who answered the questionnaire completely. We evaluated the construct validity and internal reliability of the burden scale and applied multiple regression analysis for the factors that influence caregiver's burden. RESULTS:1) Construct validity by factor analysis and Internal reliability was high 2) Among 106 caregivers, 40 (37.7%) approached subjective depression on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). There was a statistically significant difference(p<0.01) in the strength of burden between the groups with and without depression. 3)Of the variables, including patient's age, caregiver's age, duration of caregiving, education level of caregiver, and socio-economic status of family, only the BDI scores of caregivers and the Barthel Index scores of patients were correlated to the degree of caregiving burden. CONCLUSIONS: This caregiving burden scale can be a useful tool for the evaluation of caregiver's burden with stroke. We believe that thoughtful consideration and realistic support for family caregivers can be very important in the long-term management of patients with stroke. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(3):213~218, 2001)
Caregivers ; Depression ; Education ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Stroke*

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a globally prevalent and challenging malignancy. Accurate prognosis prediction is essential for optimizing patient care. This comprehensive review discusses the intricate relationships between inflammatory response markers and CRC prognosis. Inflammatory response markers have gained prominence as a prognostic tool. Elevations in the preoperative neutrophillymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, and C-reactive protein-albumin ratio predict a poor prognosis for patients with CRC. A decreased lymphocyte-monocyte ratio is also a poor prognostic factor. A high Glasgow prognostic score and a high modified Glasgow prognostic score are associated with adverse outcomes, including reduced survival. While significant progress has been made, challenges remain in standardizing the clinical application of these inflammatory response markers.Prospective research and further investigations are warranted to refine the prognostic models.Enhanced understanding and utilization of these inflammatory response markers will help advance personalized treatment strategies, refine surveillance protocols, and improve the management of CRC.

BACKGROUND: As the size of the elderly population has increased compared to the hole, there has been growing concern over potential health problems and geriatric hospitals for elderly people. However, despite the emerging needs for geriatric hospitals, there is no data on the clinical characteristics of patients being admitted to geriatric hospitals. To analyze the characteristics of elderly patients admitted to a geriatric hospital, we studied the medical records of patients admitted to Yong-in Hyoja Geriatric Hospital during a recent 20 months period. By clarifying the clinical characteristics of elderly patients admitted to a geriatric hospital, the basic data for understanding and treating elderly patients could be made. METHODS: We analyzed the medical records of 345 patients who were admitted to Yong-in Hyoja Geriatric Hospital from November 1997 to July 1999. The diagnosis of patients was largely subgrouped according to the existence of dementia, and subsequent detailed diagnoses were made. RESULTS: (1) The average age of patients was 74.59 years and there were slightly more females than males admitted (ratio, 1.15:1). (2) Most of the patients suffered from dementia (62.1%), of which vascular dementia was the most common(31.6%), followed by Alzheimer dementia(19.15%). (3) Compared to vascular dementia, patients with Alzheimer dementia had more severe cognitive dysfunction, psychosis, and agitation, while patients with vascular dementia had more problems in activities of daily living (ADL) and were more depressed than Alzheimer dementia (4) The average hospitalization duration was 3.54 months and incidence of significant illness after admission was 29.8%. The mortality rate was 10.9%. (5) The most common cause of death was infection (45.2%), followed by cardiovascular problems(16.2%). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to significant illnesses and mortality after admission, most patients admitted to geriatric hospitals have severe cognitive and behavioral problems. Therefore, adequate medical and neurological assessment and treatment for the aged is necessary.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Cause of Death ; Dementia ; Dementia, Vascular ; Diagnosis ; Dihydroergotamine ; Female ; Geriatrics ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Psychotic Disorders