PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether low FDG uptake would be associated with the biological low-aggressiveness of invasive ductal carcinoma. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 124 female patients with primary invasive ductal carcinoma. All the patients were examined with (18)F-FDG PET/CT before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: With regard to histopathologic grading, 117 were histopathologic grade 1 and 2, and 7 were grade 3. Low FDG uptake correlated with well and moderate histopathologic grade (p=0.003) and low (18)F-FDG uptake in invasive ductal carcinoma depended on the presence of axillary lymph node metastases (p=0.014) and small tumor (<2.0 cm, p=0.022). Ki-67 positivity ranged from 0% to 60% (mean 15%). Sixty seven specimens showed low immunoreactivity to Ki-67 antigen (<10% of tumor cells). This revealed a significant correlation between low FDG uptake and Ki-67 (p=0.003). Logistic regression analysis between these factors showed that lower histologic grade, no axillary lymph nodes metastases and low Ki-67 (<10%) were correlated with low FDG uptake. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that an association exists between low FDG uptake and good prognostic factors such as lower histologic grade (1, 2), no axillary lymph node metastases and low Ki-67 (<10%).
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Logistic Models ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether low FDG uptake would be associated with the biological low-aggressiveness of invasive ductal carcinoma. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 124 female patients with primary invasive ductal carcinoma. All the patients were examined with (18)F-FDG PET/CT before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: With regard to histopathologic grading, 117 were histopathologic grade 1 and 2, and 7 were grade 3. Low FDG uptake correlated with well and moderate histopathologic grade (p=0.003) and low (18)F-FDG uptake in invasive ductal carcinoma depended on the presence of axillary lymph node metastases (p=0.014) and small tumor (<2.0 cm, p=0.022). Ki-67 positivity ranged from 0% to 60% (mean 15%). Sixty seven specimens showed low immunoreactivity to Ki-67 antigen (<10% of tumor cells). This revealed a significant correlation between low FDG uptake and Ki-67 (p=0.003). Logistic regression analysis between these factors showed that lower histologic grade, no axillary lymph nodes metastases and low Ki-67 (<10%) were correlated with low FDG uptake. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that an association exists between low FDG uptake and good prognostic factors such as lower histologic grade (1, 2), no axillary lymph node metastases and low Ki-67 (<10%).
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Logistic Models ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Antibodies*

Colonoscopy is frequently used for lower GI tract screening tests. Although rare, splenic injury may develop in the high-risk patients on anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents. A 78-year-old female visited our hospital complaining of chest pain. She had taken antihyperlipidemic and antiplatelet agent with hyperlipidemia and 20%-stenosis in the left anterior descending artery. She was taken polypectomy after colonoscopy 4 years ago. The next day, after a follow-up colonoscopy for polypectomy, she complained epigastric and left upper abdominal discomfort. Pain intensity was not high, but next day, epigastric pain was increased, so coronary angiography was performed 2 days later using anticoagulants. Coronary angiography showed 40~50%-stenosis in the left anterior descending artery. Another antiplatelet agent was added. After 72 hours on colonoscopy, her pain was localized upper left abdominal area. Abdominal CT showed intracapsular bleeding in the spleen with a small amount of hemoperitoneum in the pelvis. Since her vital signs were stable, she was treated with conservative management. Her pain improved and discharged. One month later, she was taken Abdominal CT. CT showed the size of intracapsular fluid collection in the spleen was increased, but the whole fluid collection was liquidized. 2 weeks later, follow-up sonography showed the size of fluid collection conspicuously was reduced. The case reported herein is a splenic Injury after Colonoscopy in patient on antiplatelet agents.
Aged ; Anticoagulants ; Arteries ; Chest Pain ; Colonoscopy* ; Coronary Angiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemoperitoneum ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ; Mass Screening ; Pelvis ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Spleen ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vital Signs

No abstract available.
Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms*

Purpose: To profile various clinical characteristics of sleep bruxism (SB) patients with idiopathic facial pain (IFP) in the orofacial region. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 28 SB patients among 210 patients with IFP complaints. The profiles were evaluated using patient charts including gender, age, pain duration, pain location, pain intensity and affected areas by pain. Results: SB with IFP occurred more often in females (85.7%) than males (14.3%). The mean age at presentation was 48.9 years. The most common IFP sites of SB patients were the right maxilla (28.6%) and the right mandible (25.0%). The pain complaints occurred mostly in 2 teeth or areas (50.0%), followed by 1 area (28.6%) and then in ≥ 3 teeth or areas (21.4%). The mean pain intensity was 5.9 on a visual analogue scale from 0 to 10. The pain was spontaneous in 20 patients (71.4%), and the mean pain duration was 24.4 months. Conclusion Identification of clinical characteristics of SB patients with IFP could be useful in the diagnosis of various IFP patients and beneficial in decreasing unnecessary care to reduce IFP. Further studies with larger number of subjects and extended duration are required for more systemized diagnostic methods and development of future treatment guidelines.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of dynamic ultrasound assessment for the diagnosis of DDH and for Pavlik harness treatment monitoring. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic ultrasound examination was performed on 35 infants (average age: 3 months) having possible hip dysplasia. Based on ultrasonographic findings (normal, laxity with stress, subluxated, dislocated), the indication and duration of Pavlik harness treatment was determined. Radiographic examinations were performed at regular intervals (after 6 months) to assess hip development. RESULTS: All hips showing normal ultrasonographic findings developed well. In 20 infants treated with the Pavlik harness, 2 infants failed to maintain the harness application, 16 infants among 18 were successfully weaned from the harness, and 2 infants required additional treatment. Of the 16 successfully treated patients, 3 showed hip dysplasia, and one showed mild avascular necrosis of the femoral head. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic ultrasound monitoring is an effective method for the accurate diagnosis of various degrees of hip dysplasia, the assessment of reduction quality, and for the assessment of hip stability during Pavlik harness treatment, and provides a reliable guide during the weaning from the harness process.
Diagnosis* ; Head ; Hip Dislocation ; Hip* ; Humans ; Infant ; Necrosis ; Ultrasonography* ; Weaning

No abstract available.
Animals ; DNA* ; Mice* ; Vaccination*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Interferon-based treatment is not appropriate for a large number of patients with chronic hepatitis C for various medical and social reasons. Newly developed directly acting antivirals (DAAs) have been used to treat chronic hepatitis C without severe adverse effects and have achieved a sustained viral response (SVR) rate of 80-90% with short treatment duration. We were interested to determine whether all patients who failed to respond to or were ineligible for interferon-based therapy could be treated with DAAs. METHODS: Medical records of patients with positive serum anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) or HCV RNA between January 2009 and December 2013 were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 876 patients were positive for both anti-HCV and HCV RNA. Of these, 244 patients were eligible for interferon, although this was associated with relapse in 39 (16%) of patients. In total, 130 patients stopped interferon therapy (67% adverse effects, 28% non-adherent, 4% malignancy, 1% alcohol abuse) and 502 patients were ineligible (66% medical contraindications, 25% non-adherent, 5% socioeconomic problems). Among 671 patients who were ineligible for or failed to respond to interferon therapy, more than 186 (27.7%) could not be treated with DAA due to financial, social, or cancer-related conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Newly developed DAAs are a promising treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C who are ineligible for or failed to respond to interferon-based therapy. Nevertheless, not all chronic hepatitis C patients can be treated with DAAs due to various reasons.
Antiviral Agents ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Humans ; Interferons* ; Medical Records ; Recurrence ; RNA

PURPOSE: The incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms increases with age. An unforeseen finding is the high number of prostate and bladder cancers pairs. Of prostate and bladder cancers pair as first primary and second primary cancers and vice versa, we investigated the differences in clinicopathological features between synchronous and metachronous primary carcinomas of the bladder and prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients diagnosed with dual prostate and bladder cancer in a 12-year period (2004–2015) excluding cases with incidental prostate cancer after radical cystectomy were reviewed. Enrolled patients were divided into 3 groups according to cancer development (group I, synchronous cancer; group II, prostate cancer with metachronous bladder cancer; group III, bladder cancer with metachronous prostate cancer). Each group was compared according to clinicopathological features. RESULTS: Median age was 72 years (range, 54–83 years). Groups I, II, and III comprised 29 (54.7%), 8 (15.1%), and 16 patients (30.2%), respectively. Age, prostate-specific antigen, tumor stage, grade, multifocality of bladder tumor, and treatment modality did not show statistical differences between groups. However, group III showed a lower prostate cancer stage (National Comprehensive Cancer Network anatomic stage; p=0.009) and had low-risk of prostate cancers (p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Bladder tumor showed no differences in the clinicopathological features between synchronous and metachronous primary carcinomas. However, metachronous prostate cancer showed better clinicopathological features of prostate cancer. It is important for clinicians to counselling and decision making in clinical situations
Cystectomy ; Decision Making ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*