Early detection of spine deformities by school screening has proven to be valuable for early diagnosis and prevention of severe deformities. Authors screened 1,620 middle and high school male students Seoul who were chosen arbitrarily, to determine the incidence rates of scoliosis. Authors diagnosed scoliosis on a combination of at least one positive physical sign and a lateral curvature more thar 5 degrees on an antero-posterior standing X-ray. According to this criteria 12 students were diagnosed as having scoliosis. They were analyzed for positive physical signs, etiology, degree of curvature. distribution of size of curvature, patterns of curvature, direction of curvation, and following results were obtained. 1. The overall incidence of scoliosis was 0.74%. 2. Idiopathic scoliosis was found in 10 students, congenital scoliosis in 1, and paralytic scoliosis in 1. 3. Rib humps, whose right to left ratio was 5, were found in 6 students, lumbar humps, whose right to left ratio was 0. 2. in 6 students, and shoulder elevation, whose direction were all to right, in 4 students. 4. Close observations were required for all the 12 students and treatment was required in 2 students who had more than 20 degrees, one for Milwaukee brace, and the other for surgical correction. 5. The most common pattern of curvature was thoracic curve. 6. in single curve right to left ratio was 2.7.
Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Ribs ; Scoliosis ; Seoul ; Shoulder ; Spine

A clinical observation in 8 cases of multiple laminectomies under the age of 16 years who had been followed for more than 3 years was carried out to analyze deformities and its results of treatment, and the following results were obtained. 1. Spinal deformities were developed in 5 cases-4 kyphosis and 1 lordosis. 2. The kyphosis was developed in 1 case at cervical spine, 1 at thoracic, 1 at thoracolumbar junction and 1 at lumbar, and the lordosis was developed in 1 case at lumbar spine. 3. Anterior interbody fusion was carried out on two cases of kyphosis who had severe pain and neurological symptoms and posterolateral spinal fusion was carried out on one case of lumbar lordosis, with satisfactory results in all cases. 4. Since the incidence of spinal deformities following multiple laminectomies in children is high, laminectomy should be performed only when it is definitely indicated, and when it is done, damage to the posterior complex should be minimized. 5. For the prevention and treatment of the spinal deformities, brace or close observation should be necessary postoperatively, and spinal fusion should be performed in increasing or severe deformities.
Animals ; Braces ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kyphosis ; Laminectomy ; Lordosis ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine

Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia is a disease characterized by metaphyseal ossification leading to shortening of stature. The extremities, especially lower, and mainly affected, resulting in a disproportionate drarfing which spares the trunk. The first case was reported in a patient with irregular metaphysis of lower extremities and hands, and severe shorteness of stature by Murk Jansen in 1934. A milder form of Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia was noted in 1949 by Schmid, which is more common and transmitted in autosomal dominant. Mckusick recently reported another form of Metaphseal Chondrodysplasia, and other types were reported, but they are extremly rare, and of little clinical significance. In the Schmid type, patient is normal at birth, but characteristically shortness of stature, bowed leg, and waddling gait developed at biginning of walking. Ali labratory findings including serum calcium level, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase, renal function test is normal in Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia. The most difficult differential diagnosis is Vitamin D-resistant rickets in clinical and x-ray findings. The only treatment is careful observation and properly timed corrective surgery. Authors experienced on case of Schmid type of Metaphyseal Chondrodysplasia which had been treated with Vitamin D under impression of rickets for 1 year before the case was consulted to Orthopedic Department. Proximal tibial osteotomy and subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy were performed for the correction of genu varum and coxa vara deformity with satisfactory results for one year follow up.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcium ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Coxa Vara ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Genu Varum ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Lower Extremity ; Orthopedics ; Osteotomy ; Parturition ; Rickets ; Rickets, Hypophosphatemic ; Vitamin D ; Walking

No abstract available.
Bile*

No abstract available.

Apert described acrocephalosyndactyly as a clinical entity in 1906. At first he included a patient with craniofacial deformities combined with syndactyly of both the upper and lower extremities. This is a rare congenital disturbance in the growth of bone and soft tissue affecting principally the head, the hands and the feet. More than 200 cases have been reported in the world literature, and three cases in Korea. Authors experienced one case of the classic pattern of Apert's syndrome and treated surgically for syndsctyly.
Acrocephalosyndactylia ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Lower Extremity ; Syndactyly

Great strides has been made in the past 20 years in the treatment of scoliosis. Treatment before scoliosis becomes severe eliminates the need for extensive surgery. Early detection of scoliosis by school screening has proven to be valuable for early diagnosis and prevention of severe deformities. Authors screened 5,256 middle and high school students in Seoul, who were chosen arbitrarily, to determine the incidence rates of scoliosis, and following results were obtained. 1. Scoliosis was diagnosed on a combination of at least one positive physical sign and a lateral curvature more than 5 degrees on an antero-posterior standing X-ray. 2. The overall incidence of scoliosis was 4.68% (Male 0.74%, Female 6.43%). 3. Idiopathic scoliosis was found in 238 students, congenital scoliosis in 5, and paralytic scoliosis in 3. 4. The most common pattern of curvature was thoracic curve. 5. In the single curve right to left ratio was 2.1, but 8.4 in the upper curve of double curve. 6. Close observations were required for all the 246 students and treatment was required in 14 students who had more than 20 degrees, 9 students for Milwaukee brace, and 5 students for surgical correction.
Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Scoliosis ; Seoul

The cubitus varus is one of the most common complications of supracondylar fracture of humerus. The authors treated surgically 45 cases of cubitus varus in the Seoul National University Hospital, from 1977 to 1981, and the results were as follows: 1. The mild ulnar n. palsy signs were found in 11 cases(24.5%). 2. The supracondylar, closed wedge osteotomy was done through lateral approach and fixed by cross pinning with 2 K-wires. 3. The postoperative immobilization must be more complete, and the average duration of immobilization was 7 weeks. The osteotomy site united in the all cases, and no limitation of range of motion developed. 4. The incidence of postop. ulnar nerve palsy was the same in the osteotomy only group as in the osteotomy and ulnar n. transposition group. The osteotomy and ulnar n transpositin group recovered naturally, but 2 cases of the osteotomy only group did not recover so ulnar n. transposition was performed later. 5. There was no recurrence of deformity after the average follow-up of 2.2 years, so it was recommended that the correction of deformity should be done in the early childhood.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Osteotomy ; Paralysis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Ulnar Neuropathies

No abstract available in English.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Paraplegia

The treatment of supracondylar fracture of humerus in children has so many pitfalls as to be once called "supracondylar dilemma". The authors analyzed the follow-up results of fifty-six displaced extension type supracondylar fractures treated by percutaneous pinning and by open reduction from 1982 to 1989. The mean age was 7.6 years, ranging from three years to fifteen years. Forty three fractures were treated by percutaneous pinning and thirteen by open reduction. According to the modified Flynn's criteria, the results of the treatment by percutaneous pinning were excellent 36%, good 32%, fair 25% and poor 7%, while those of open reduction were 8%, 42%, 8% and 42% , respectively, on average follow up of 1.4 years. Post-operative complications were found in seven cases (16.7%) of percutaneous pinning, and in five cases(38.5%) of open reduction. Poorly chosen surgical approach for open reduction was appeared to be related with unsatisfactory results. We believe that percutaneous pinning was a simple, effective method for treatment of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus. We agree, however, that open reduction is still indicated if manipulative reduction before pinning is unacceptable, or if the fracture is complicated by neurovascular or open injury.
Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Methods