No abstract available.
Myoepithelioma* ; Trachea*

No abstract available.
Carcinosarcoma*

No abstract available.
Carcinoid Tumor*

The authors report a rare case of thalamic abscess in a 38-year old male who suffered from a ventricular septal defect. Preoperative axial magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed two ring enhancing masses on T1-weighted image and a hypointensity of dark rim on T2-weighted image. Purulent material was aspirated by computerized tomography(CT)-guided stereotactic procedure following antibiotic therapy for 3 days. No growth was obtained in the culture of the purulent material. The disturbance of left ocular movement before surgery was completely recovered. Even though the abscess wall is uniform in thickness, it is difficult to distinguish from tumor. A rim like hypointensity surrounding the mass on T2-weighted MRI is helpful in distinguishing both lesions.
Abscess* ; Adult ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male

The authors report a rare case of thalamic abscess in a 38-year old male who suffered from a ventricular septal defect. Preoperative axial magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed two ring enhancing masses on T1-weighted image and a hypointensity of dark rim on T2-weighted image. Purulent material was aspirated by computerized tomography(CT)-guided stereotactic procedure following antibiotic therapy for 3 days. No growth was obtained in the culture of the purulent material. The disturbance of left ocular movement before surgery was completely recovered. Even though the abscess wall is uniform in thickness, it is difficult to distinguish from tumor. A rim like hypointensity surrounding the mass on T2-weighted MRI is helpful in distinguishing both lesions.
Abscess* ; Adult ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male

The origin and clinical importance of subdural hygroma(SDG) are still uncertain. Its pathogenetic mechanism and natural history have not yet been settled. Although the incidence of traumatic SDG has been reported to be 5-20% of posttraumatic space-occupying lesions, the true incidence has not been documented in prospective study. Therefore, authors have tried to determine the incidence of traumatic SDG prospectively during past six months. Serial computed tomography(CT) or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) studies were done in all patients who were admitted to our department after head injuries. Data on the age, sex, Glasgow coma scale(GCS) on admission, and initial CT findings were collected and analyzed to determine the true incidence, pattern and premorbid conditions for the development of traumatic SDG. Serial CT or MRI scans were performed on the date of admission, the second to sixth hospital day, and the seventh to fourteenth hospital day. Study population consisted of 115 patients, excluding 31 expired, discharged, or transferred patients within a week. Subdural hygroma was noted in 42(35.6%) patients. It shared 45.2% of posttraumatic mass lesion. More than half (54.7%) of patients aged 40 or more had subdural hygromas. They were generally delayed lesions, due to the fact that most of them(81%) were observed at four days or more after the injury. All hygromas were located at the frontal or fronto-temporo-parietal regions. Bilaterality was seen in 54.7%. SDGs occurred earlier when the age of the patients were 40 years old or more(p=0.037). It occurred earlier when the initial CT scans were normal, when there was no accompanying traumatic intracranial lesions, and high GCS on admission. However, these differences were statistically not significant(p>0.05). These results suggest that the premorbid conditions for the development of subdural hygroma were sufficient potential subdural space and separation of the dural border cell layer, although former seemed to be more important that the later. Osmotic dehydration in the aged victims should be serially reevaluated, because the subdural hygroma may develop when the intracranial pressure is excessively low.
Adult ; Coma ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dehydration ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Natural History ; Prospective Studies* ; Subdural Effusion* ; Subdural Space ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

This article describes the normal range of orbital linear dimensions (eq. orbital breadths, orbital height, orbital depth, interorbital breadths and biorbital breadth) and orbital indicies. One hundred and eighty-seven Korean skulls from grown-up individuals are studied with analysis for the purpose of evaluating anthropometric characteristics of Korean orbits. The results are compared to previously published data for modern Korean skulls. The width of the orbit is larger on the right side than the left and sexual difference was also shown. On the other hand, the heights of both orbits are much the same. Consequently, there is a slight tendency that chamaeconch is met with more frequently on the right side, whilst hypsiconch on the left side. The orbital depth is larger on the right side, however, depth index did not show any side difference. There are sexual differences on the biorbital breadth and upper facial breadth but not on the interorbital breadth on the basis of dacryon. These results represent the asymmetry of Korean orbit and that measurement on both sides must be necessary for anthropological comparison.
Adult* ; Hand ; Humans ; Orbit* ; Reference Values ; Skull*

BACKGROUND: To decide the optimal antibiotics and application of chest tube, examination of pleural fluid is fundamental in the management of empyema. Some criteria for drainage of pleural fluid have been recommended but some controversies have been suggested. Recently, newer radiologic methods including ultrasound and computed tomography scanning, have been applied to the diagnosis and management of pleural effusions. We undertook a retrospective analysis of 30 patients with pleural effusion who had CT scans of the chest in order to apply the criteria of Light et at retrospectively to patients with loculation and to correlate the radiologic appearance of pleural effusions with pleural fluid chemistry. METHOD: We analyzed the records of 30 out of 147 patients with pleural effusion undergoing chest CT scans. RESULTS: 1) Six of the pleural fluid cultures yielded gram negative organisms and three anaerobic bacterias and one Staphylococcus aureus and one non-hemolytic Streptococci. No organism was cultured in nineteen cases(63.0%). 2) The reasons for taking chest CT scans were to rule out malignancy or parenchymal lung disease(46.7%), Poor response to antibiotics(40.0%), hard to aspirate pleural fluid(10.0%) and to decide the site for chest tube insertion(3.3%). 3) There was no significant correlations between ATS stages and loculation but there was a tendency to Inoculate in stage III. 4) There was a significant inverse relationship between the level of pH and loculation(P<0.05) but there appeared to be no relationship between pleural fluid, LDH, glucose, protein, loculation and pleural thickening. 5) In 12 out of 30, therapeutic measures were changed according to the chest CT scan findings. CONCLUSION: We were unable to identify any correlations between the plerual fluid chemistry, ATS stages and loculations except pH, and we suggest that tube thoracotomy should be individualized according to the clinical judgement arid serial observation. All patients with empyema do not need a chest CT scan but a CT scan can provide determination of loculation, guiding and assessing therapy which should decrease morbidity and hospital stay.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Chemistry ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Empyema* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Length of Stay ; Lung ; Pleural Effusion ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Thoracotomy ; Thorax* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed* ; Ultrasonography

Brown-Séquard-plus syndrome is characterized by hemiparesis, contralateral spinothalamic sensory deficits with additional abnormal findings of other organs. We report a case of an 81-year-old man who had right hemiparesis, left sensory deficit and Horner syndrome on right eye. Diffusion-weighted MRI of the cervical spine and lower medulla confirm the diagnosis of anterior unilateral cervical spinal cord infarction. It is very rare that the unilateral long spinal cord infarction at the C1-C4 associated with Brown-Séquard-plus syndrome.
Aged, 80 and over ; Diagnosis ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paresis ; Spinal Cord* ; Spine ; Vertebral Artery

The present study was undertaken to investigate the infection status of Cryptosporidium parvum in the villagers and the reservoir hosts in several rural areas in Korea. A total 5, 262 fecal samples were collected from the inhabitants residing at Gangwon-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Jeollanam-do, and Gyeongsangnam-do between the dates of September, 2001 to June, 2002. In addition, 1, 453 fecal samples were collected from livestock reared in Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do and Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do. All the fecal smears were prepared by formalin-ether sedimentation, and examined by light microscopy after modified acid-fast staining. The overall positive rate of human cryptosporidiosis was 3.3%. Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do showed a 8.2% positive rate and appeared as the highest endemic area among the surveyed areas. Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do showed a 0.4% positive rate and was the lowest endemic area. The positive rate of livestock infection in Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do was 94%, which was more than ten times higher than that of Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do (9.3%). From these results, it was revealed that cryptosporidiosis was an endemic disease in some rural areas of Korea, and the livestock could be an important source of human infection.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic/*parasitology ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cryptosporidiosis/*epidemiology/parasitology/veterinary ; Cryptosporidium parvum/*isolation & purification ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; Human ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parasite Egg Count ; Prevalence ; *Rural Population ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology