BACKGROUND: 42 anesthesia-related medico-legal cases, consulted to the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists (KSA) in a recent 2 year period (1994, 11~1996, 10) were analysed. METHOD: Results of the analysis were classified into 11 items. RESULTS: Cases sources were 26 cases from civil court, 2 cases from criminal court, 8 cases from police stations and 6 cases from health centers, and involved surgical departments were obstetric & gynecology (17 cases), general surgery (7), orthopedic surgery (6), and others (12). Operation classification were Cesarean section (14 cases), reduction and fixations (5), gastrectomy (4) and others (19), and anesthesia methods were general anesthesia (36 cases), regional anesthesia (3), and local anesthesia (3). Involved hospitals were university hospitals (15), general hospitals (16) and private clinics (11), and involved anesthesiologists (anesthetists) were certified anesthesiologists (34), nurse anesthetists (3), and others (5). Patient's ages were classified into 0~20 years old (4), 20~40 years old (23), 40~60 years old (13) and over 60 years old (2), and patient's sex ratio was 16 (male) to 26 (female). Outcome of victims were deaths (26 cases), severe brain damages (10) and nerve injuries (6), and autopsy findings were hypoxic brain edema (4 cases), coronary artery diseases (3), and other findings (4). Causes of medico-legal problems were hypoxemia by ventilatory failure (12), pre-existing diseases (4), embolisms followed by operation (2), malignant hyperthermia (1), and uncertain cases (21). CONCLUSION: The most common cause of medico-legal problems was hypoxemia by ventilatory failure.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Local ; Anoxia ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Cesarean Section ; Classification ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Criminals ; Embolism ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Gynecology ; Hospitals, General ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Malignant Hyperthermia ; Middle Aged ; Nurse Anesthetists ; Orthopedics ; Police ; Preexisting Condition Coverage ; Pregnancy ; Sex Ratio

This study was performed to investigate the stimulating effect on oocyte maturation and cumulus cell expansion in TC199 media by human cord serum (HCS) supplementation. Immature mouse oocyte cumulus complexes (OCCs) were cultured in TC199 media supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA), HCS and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) instead of luteinizing hormone (LH) respectively, and the expression of cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation were observed. After 4hr and 24hr culture with or without OCCs, media containing 0.4% BSA, 10% HCS and 10 lU hCG respectively were collected and analyzed for changing concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone(P4), testosterone(T), and PGF2. There were no elevation of E2, T, and PGF2 by OCCs culture, but minute elevation of P4 level by 24hr OCCs culture in hCG supplementation (p=0.048). The stimulating pattern of cumulus expansion of OCCs by HCS and hCG supplementation was similar to our previously report using Ham's F-10 media, however oocyte maturation rates after 24hr OCCs culture in all media were increased by 20~30% compared to Ham's F-10 media. These results suggest that LH in HCS induce cumulus expansion probably by P4 secretion of OCCs, and TC199 is efficient media for immature mouse oocyte maturation.
Animals ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; Cumulus Cells* ; Dinoprost ; Estradiol ; Humans* ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Mice ; Oocytes* ; Serum Albumin, Bovine

Tracheobronchial aspergillosis is an unusual form of invasive aspergillosis characterized by noninvasive or only superficially invasive tracheobronchitis with a propensity for dissemination. We report a two-year-old male who suddenly died of respiratory failure. Postmortem examination revealed a pseudomembrane covering the mucosa of larynx, trachea and bronchial tree of both lungs. This pseudomembrane was composed predominantly of Aspergillus hyphae. There was transmural necrotizing bronchitis with fungal invasion to the narrow zone of peribronchial tissue, and dissemination to the stomach and kidney. This form of pulmonary aspergillosis had not been reported in this country.
Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Autopsy* ; Bronchitis ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Kidney ; Larynx ; Lung ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Stomach ; Trachea

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Prevalence* ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Gallstones* ; Lithotripsy*

No abstract available.

Transmesenteric hernias through congenital mesenteric defects are the least common of intra-abdominal hernias and rare causes of acute intestinal obstruction in infants and children. Because of its rarity and difficulty of diagnosis, the mortality and morbidity were very high, and incarceration leads to intestinal obstruction and subsequently, strangulation and gangrene of varying lengths of intestine. We present an autopsy case of transmesenteric hernia through the defect of the mesentery of ileum, showing strangulationand obstruction of the affected small bowel.
Autopsy* ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Gangrene ; Hernia* ; Humans ; Ileum ; Infant ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestines ; Mesentery ; Mortality

No abstract available.
Animals ; Kidney* ; Lactulose* ; Liver* ; Rats* ; Sepsis*

No Abstract Available.
Choroid*

OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate the fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or partial zona dissection (PZD) of human and hamster sperm into hamster oocyte in in vitro fertilization (IVF). In addition, the possibility of clinical application was evaluated by the comparison of usefulness and difference of these method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hamster immature oocytes were obtained from oviducts superovulated by PMSG and hCG, and hamster sperms were obtained from epididymis. The freezed human sperms were thawed before use. Fertilization were confirmed by two pronuclei, one pronucleus, swollen sperm head or/and two polar bodies at 7~8 hour after ICSI or PZD. RESULTS: The fertilization rates after ICSI and PZD of human sperm to hamster oocyte were 3.6%, 64.2%, 73.6%, and 55.6% for negative control, positive control, ICSI, and PZD respectively, suggesting that ICSI only showed improved fertilization rate (p<0.01). The fertilization rates after ICSI and PZD of hamster sperm to hamster oocyte were 11.1%, 51.2%, 39.6%, and 72.7% for negative control, positive control, ICSI, and PZD respectively, suggesting that PZD only showed improved fertilization rate (p<0.01). PZD showed significantly higher fertilization rate than ICSI (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As for the fertilization rate by ICSI and PZD using hamster oocyte in IVF, ICSI technique was considered to be more useful for human sperm and PZD technique for hamster sperm. Therefore, ICSI technique was considered more appropriate for experimental application using human sperm and hamster oocyte.
Humans