No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Down Syndrome* ; Leukemia* ; Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells*

No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Down Syndrome* ; Leukemia* ; Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells*

Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis(BDP) is a rare disorder, which can be secondary to spinal cord injury, motor neuron disease, myopathy, noninfectious polyneuropathy, infection, iced saline cardioplegia performed during cardiac surgery, or idiopathic causes. there may be typical presentations such as dyspnea, paradoxical respiratory movement, and hypercapnic respiratory failure. It needs to exclude above secondary causes to consider idiopathic bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. We report a 51-years-old man who presented with idiopathic bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis combined with acute pancreatitis. We couldnt, find out the association of these two clinical conditions. The patient was improved by mechanical ventilation.
Dyspnea ; Heart Arrest, Induced ; Humans ; Motor Neuron Disease ; Muscular Diseases ; Pancreatitis* ; Polyneuropathies ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Paralysis* ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Thoracic Surgery

OBJECTIVES: Drug compliance is the most important issue in long-term treatment outcome and prognosis of manic patients. Up to date, there has been no study about drug compliance at the point of the first manic episode and subsequent maintenance period. And also there are limited data regarding the rates of noncompliance in patients with bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder in Korea. So the author studied about the rate of noncompliance in manic patients and about the clinical predicting factors associated with their drug compliance. METHODS: Compliance of a patient was assessed by patient's report, family member's report, treater's estimation, investigator-administered questionnaire, record of unkept appointment and plasma concentration of mood-stabilizer. Data about patient-related, illness-related and treatment-related factors of compliance were collected by the review of medical records and interview with the patient. RESULTS: Forty patients (56.3%)were noncompliant with their pharmacologic regimen at the point of the first treatment period. Noncompliance was significantly associated with experience of childhood stressful life events(p=.035) presence of psychotic symptoms(p=.020)and treatment with combination of mood-stabilizers(p=.002) CONCLUSION: Patients who experienced serious life event in their childhood, had delusion or hallucination during the manic episode, or received the combination therapy of mood-stabilizer are prone to fail in treatment adherence.
Bipolar Disorder ; Compliance* ; Delusions ; Hallucinations ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Psychotic Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome

To study the site of release and factors affecting the release of the atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) in the pediatric patients, we measured the plasma ANP concentrations in 23 normal healthy children, 19 patients with congestive heat failure and 16 patients with cardiac disease undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. The following results were obtained. 1) The plasma ANP concentrations of the vein(226.3(74.9pg/ml)in patients with congestive heart failure were significantly higher than those(p<0.01)of the mormal healthy children(13.4 (7.9pg/ml)and those(43.3 40(.7pg/ml)in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. The plasma ANP concentrations of the femoral vein in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization were also significantly higher than that of the peripheral vein in the normal healthy children(p<0.01). 2) The plasma ANP concentrations of the pulmonary artery(110.9( 80.7pg/ml)were 2 to 3 times higher than that of the femoral vein(43.3( 40.3pg/ml, p<0.01). However there were no significant differences of the plasma ANP concentrations between pulmonary artery and aorta(65.4 (36.1pg/ml),and between aorta and femoral vein. 3) There was a significant correlations of the plasma ANP concentrations vetween pulmonary artery and femoral vein, and pulmonary artery and aorta, but no correlation of those between femoral vein and aorta. 4) The plasma ANP concentrations of the vein were over 3 times more higher in cases of left atrial area over 20 cm2/M2 measured by 2-dimensional echocardiography(213.2 (292.9pg/ml)than those in cases of left atrial area under 20(65.0 66.9pg/ml, p<0.05). The plasma ANP concentrations of the vein were over 3 times more highger in cases of left atrial area over 20 cm2/M2(88.6(19.1pg/ml) than those in cases of left atrial area under 14(57.1 (39.5pg/ml,p<0.05), and in cases of the sum of both atrial mean pressure over 11mmHg(189.5( 42.8pg/ml) than those in cases of the sum under 11(79.3 (52.3pg/ml, p<0.01). The plasma ANP cocentrations of the aorta were significantly higher in cases of left atrial area over 14 cm2/M2(88.6 (19.1pg/ml)than those in cases of left atrial area under 14(57.1 (39.5pg/ml;p 0.05), in cases of the sum of both atrial area over 25cm2/M2(93.9 (21.7pg/ml)those in cases of the sum under 25(46.6 (33.8pg/ml, p<0.01), in cases of sum of mean atrial pressure over 11 mmHg(90.5 (30.3pg/ml)than those in cases of under 11(53.8( 24.6pg/ml, p<0.05),in cases of the sum of both atrial wall stress over 190 mmHg.cm2/M2(101.4 (23.5pg/ml) than those in cases of the sumunder 190(57.5 (26.4pg/ml, p<0.01), and also in cases of pulmonary artery mean pressure over 20mmHg(83.3( 18.2pg/ml) than those in cases o pulmonary artery under 20(47.8( 39.8pg/ml, p<0.05). In conclusion, the plasma ANP concentrations of the pulmonary artery were significantly higher than those of the frmoral vein and the aorta, which indicater that the ANP is predominantly secreted via coronary sinus into the right atrium. The plasma ANP concentrations of the peripheral and femoral vein, the pulmonary artery and the aorta, especially that of the aorta, correlated well with the atrial pressure, the area and the wall stress. This suggests that the arterial blood may be the most appropriate sample for measurement of the ANP.
Aorta* ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Atrial Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Child* ; Coronary Sinus ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Femoral Vein ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Veins*

Jimson weed, also known as Datura stramonium, is a member of the Solanaceae family. Jimson weed was used by American Indians for medicinal and religious purposes. All parts of the Jimson weed plant are poisons, containing the alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine. So, it is caused by these components to make a anticholinergic toxicity within 6h after ingestion. Initial manifestations include dry mucus membrane, blurred, vision, thirst, difficulty swallowing and speaking, and photophobia, and may be followed by hyperthermia, confusion, agitation, combative behavior, hallucination, urinary retention, seizure and coma. We experienced two patients who developed combative behavior and agitation with pupil dilation caused by Jimson weed. They discharged with improvement after supportive for 2days.
Alkaloids ; Animals ; Atropine ; Coma ; Comb and Wattles ; Datura stramonium* ; Deglutition ; Dihydroergotamine ; Eating* ; Fever ; Hallucinations ; Humans ; Hyoscyamine ; Indians, North American ; Membranes ; Mucus ; Photophobia ; Plants ; Poisons ; Pupil ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide ; Seizures ; Solanaceae ; Thirst ; Urinary Retention

Background and Objectives: Autophagy is known to be associated with pathogen infection. However, the expression of autophagy-related proteins has not been studied in chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma (COM) or with cholesteatoma (CholeOM). This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference between COM and CholeOM in autophagy-related gene mRNA expression. Subjects and Methods: For 47 patients with chronic otitis media, the inflammatory tissues were classified into granulation tissue (COM) or cholesteatoma (CholeOM) according to biopsy results. Results: PI3K mRNA expression (COM vs. CholeOM, mean±SD, 0.009±0.010 vs. 0.003±0.004; p=0.004) was lower, whereas Beclin-1 mRNA expression (0.089±0.107 vs. 0.176±0.163; p=0.034) was higher in the CholeOM group. Expression of PI3K mRNA in the CholeOM group was lower than that in the COM subgroups with presence of bacteria (0.022±0.019 vs. 0.001±0.001; p=0.001), otorrhea (0.049±0.068 vs. 0.003±0.004; p=0.004), and hearing loss over 40 dB (0.083±0.130 vs. 0.003±0.004; p=0.005). Conclusions The data suggested that different autophagy proteins play important roles in chronic otitis media according to the presence or absence of cholesteatoma.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays a role in the response to metabolic stress in type 2 diabetes. However, the effects of rosiglitazone on inflammation of skeletal muscle have not been fully examined in type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We investigated the effects of the insulin-sensitizing anti-diabetic agent, rosiglitazone, on the progression of skeletal muscle inflammation in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) type 2 diabetic rats. We examined the expression of serologic markers (serum glucose, insulin and free fatty acid) and inflammatory cytokines (tumor-necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin [IL]-1beta and IL-6) in OLETF rats from early to advanced diabetic stage (from 28 to 40 weeks of age). RESULTS: Serum glucose and insulin concentrations were significantly decreased in rosiglitazone-treated OLETF rats compared to untreated OLETF rats. Rosiglitazone treatment significantly decreased the concentrations of serum inflammatory cytokines from 28 to 40 weeks of age. The mRNA expression of various cytokines in skeletal muscle was reduced in rosiglitazone-treated OLETF rats compared with untreated OLETF rats. Furthermore, rosiglitazone treatment resulted in the downregulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and NF-kappaB expression in the skeletal muscle of OLETF rats. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that rosiglitazone may improve insulin sensitivity with its anti-inflammatory effects on skeletal muscle.
Animals ; Cytokines ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Down-Regulation ; Glucose ; Inflammation ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Interleukins ; Muscle, Skeletal ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred OLETF ; RNA, Messenger ; Stress, Physiological ; Thiazolidinediones

Recurrent abortion has been defined as the occurrence of three or more clinically recognized pregnancy loss before 20 weeks and it occurs in 1% of women. The chromosomal abnormalities of abortuses have been suggested as the most common causes of recurrent abortion. We have studied the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in 57 patients with recurrent abortion using the chorionic villi samples. Of the 57 abortuses analysed, 32 (56.1%) had chromosomal abnormalities. Trisomy was predominant (23 cases, 40.4%), followed by mosaicism 3 (5.2%), tetraploidy 2 (3.5%), monosomy 2 (3.5%), and structural anomaly 1 (1.8%). Trisomy for the chromosome 16 was most prevalent among trisomies. The incidence of trisomy was positively related to matemal age above 35 year-old. But there is not statistically significant. And there are no correlation between gestational age and chromosomal abnormalities. In conclusion, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities of recurrent abortuses was 56.1% which was similar to that of the other reports. This means that the analysis of karyotype of chorionic villi, as the first test to investigate the cause of recurrent abortion, may be not useful, however, it will require further.
Abortion, Habitual ; Adult ; Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi Sampling ; Chorionic Villi* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karyotype ; Monosomy ; Mosaicism ; Pregnancy ; Tetraploidy ; Trisomy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postnasal drip is a common presentation to the medical practitioner. It is a result of disturbance to the normal drainage or an increase in secretion of the paranasal sinuses. However, sometimes no underlying cause can be found and the patient has to be reassured, and that they may just have to live with it. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestations of patients with postnasal drip. MATERIAL AND METHOD: There were 90 patients complaining with postnasal drip. We performed a prospective study about accompanying symptoms and physical and psychiatric evaluation. CONCLUSION: Postnasal drip is more common in females over 30 years and the duration of symptoms is usually long. Anatomical nasal abnormality and sinusitis are common. There is no correlation with postnasal drip and psychiatric problems. But several items are concerned with postnasal drip. So we need detailed history taking and physical examination on patients who complained of postnasal drip.
Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Sinusitis