No abstract available.
Skin*

A myocardial beidge is an anatomic arrangement in which an epicardial coronary artery becomes engulfed for a limited segment by mycardial fibers. Myocardial bridges are not uncommon finding at coronary angiography and are identified by the systolic narrowing of the affected artery, mainly the left anterior descending coronary artery. The significance of myocardial beidges is controversial. These are frequently found at autopsy, and have been associated with episodic angina, tachcardia-induced ischemia amd sudden death during strenuous exercise. It has been suggested that clinical mamifestations of myocardial ischemia could be the result of severe reductions in the myocardial blood flow during the systole caused by the mylcardial bridge. We report two cases of myocardial damage occuring in a previous asymptimatic patients, hacing myocardial beidge in a left anterior descending coronary artery. This report strengthens the view that myocaridal bridges may, on occasion, cause ischemis
Arteries ; Autopsy ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Systole

No abstract available.
Islets of Langerhans* ; Pheochromocytoma*

PURPOSE: In order to recognize predictive factors of the recurrent seizure attacks with benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spike(BECCT), we have studied the factors such as age of seizure onset, sex of the patient, frequency and duration of seizure Prior to therapy, initial antiepileptic drug, which are presumed to influence the recurrence of seizure attack. METHODS: Among the children with BECCT, who visited the department of pediatrics, Chuncheon Sacred Heart hospital, Hallym University from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1997, 52 patients who were followed up for more than 12 months after disappearance of the seizure, have been studied. The patients were divided into three groups, (group I; seizure duration is less than 3 months, groups II; seizure duration less than 12 months, group III; seizure duration more than 12 months) by duration of seizure recurrence, and compared with difference of seizure recurrence by predicting factor in each group. Data were analysed by using DBSTAT version 1.0 by ANOVA. RESULTS: 1) Age onset of seizure The age onset of seizure in group I is 8.6+/-2.0 years and 7.9 +/-3.5 years in group II, 6.2+/-1.7 years in group III. The younger the seizure standted, the more seizures recurred(p<0.05). Our study revealed no age differences of the seizure remission in 3 groups. 2) Sex : Among the 52 patients, 30 patients were male, 22 patients were female. The ratio of the male to female was 1:1(12/12) in group I, 1:1.5(2/3) in group II, 2.3: 1(16/7) in group III. The recurrence rate was higher in male than in female. But no statistically difference in recurrence rate by the sex was revealed. 3) Seizure duration and seizure frequency prior to therapy : In group I, pretreatment duration was 1.6+/-3.5 months, frequency of the attacks was 2.0+/-1.0. In group II, duration 1.3+/-1.2 months, frequency 3.2+/-0.5. In group III, duration 3.5+/-6.9 months, frequency 3.5+/-1.8. Our study revered statistically significant differences in values of frequencies and durations in each groups(p<0.05). 4) Initial anticonvulsant and seizure recurrence : Seizure recurred in 36% of patients treated by carbamazepine, and 55.6% of valproate, 66.7% of phenobarbital, 37.5% of diphenylhydantion. There was no significant relation between initial anticonvulsant and seizure recurrence in each group. CONCLUSION: Our data support that age onset and seizure frequency were predictive factor fort seizure recurrence. BECCT Is a age dependent genetic disorder with variable penetrance, having longer duration of seizure with earlier onset. Clinical seizures and abnormal EEG trait tend to remit at certain age, regardless of onset age and treatment.
Age of Onset ; Carbamazepine ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Rolandic* ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Penetrance ; Phenobarbital ; Recurrence* ; Seizures* ; Valproic Acid

No abstract available.
Laryngectomy* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Esophagus*

A poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is partly due to the invasiveness and metastasis of the tumor. A key element in tumor invasion and metastasis in the degradation of extracellular matrix is matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This study was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of oral SCCs with regard to the histologic invasiveness and differentiation in 5 normal oral mucosa and 36 oral SCCs. The histologic invasiveness of oral SCCs were classified into 4 grades. The differentiation of oral SCCs was divided into 3 grades. The streptavidin-biotin immunohistochemical staining, using MMP-2 and MMP-9 monoclonal antibodies, was performed to determine the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The expression of MMP-2 was positive in 6 of 17 oral SCCs with weak invasiveness and was positive in 7 of 19 oral SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-2 expression did not increase significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs (P>0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was strongly positive in 6 out of 17 SCCs with weak invasiveness and was strongly positive in 14 of 19 SCCs with strong invasiveness. The MMP-9 expression increased significantly with respect to the invasiveness of oral SCCs; the stronger the expression, the stronger the invasiveness (P<0.05). The expression of MMP-9 was in 57.9% of well differentiated SCCs, 57.1% of moderately differentiated ones, and 33.3% of poorly differentiated SCCs. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 did not increase significantly with respect to the histologic differentiation. We conclude that with respect to the invasiveness, the MMP-9 expression increases significantly in oral SCCs but the MMP-2 expression does not; and that with respect to the histologic differentiation, their expressions do not increase significantly. These results suggeste that MMP-9 can be used as a tool to evaluate the invasiveness of oral SCCs.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2* ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis

A case of unilateral pulmonary vein atresia with absent right superior vena cava in 9 years-old boy is described with a discussion. Clinical findings were similar to other reports and consisted of hemoptysis, dyspnea and anemia. A chest X-rary revealed irregular vascular marking on left lung fiedld and increased interstitial marking on right upper lung field. The diagnosis could be confirmed with radionuclide perfusion study, MRI scan of heart and great vessels and angiography which demonstrated a small right pulmonary artery, pruned its peipheral branches, stasis of contrast material and nonvisualization of draining righ pulmonary veins. Pneumonectomy, patch angioplasty of diaphargm excision will be necessary.
Anemia ; Angiography ; Angioplasty ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Heart ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Perfusion ; Pneumonectomy ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Veins* ; Thorax ; Vena Cava, Superior*

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of argyrophilic nucleoalr organizer regions (AgNORs) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by using DMBA hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis which provides a good experimental model in reproducing steps from precancerous lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinomas. The buccal pouches of 50 Syrian hamsters were applied with 0.5% DMBA in mineral oil three times a week to reproduce various lesions from precancerous ones such as hyperkeratosis or epithelial dysplasia to invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Their sections were stained with H & E, and silver colloid, and processed immunohistochemically by being applied with monoclonal antibody to PCNA. The histopathologic examainations were done and the counts of AgNORs were evaluated. The PCNA labelling indices on each lesions were evaluated. The correlation between histopathological grades and counts of AgNORs or PCNA labelling indices were evaluated. The number of AgNORs was 2.22+/-0.22 in control group, 3.46+/-0.72 in carcinoma in situ (CIS), 3.78+/-0.63 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), respectively. AgNORs significantly increased in severe epithelial dysplasia, CIS, and SCC compared with normal tissue (P<0.05). The PCNA Labeling Index (LI) was 39.47+/-6.68% in control group, 79.61+/-4.14% in CIS, and 85.43+/-6.25% in SCC, respectively. PCNA LI also significantly increased in epithelial dysplasia, CIS, and SCC compared with normal tissue (P<0.05). The number of AgNORs, AgNOR area, and PCNA LI slightly increased in the advancing front than in the center of SCC, but, it was not statistically significant. It appeared that there were a good correlation between the number of AgNORs and PCNA LI (Pierson correlation coefficient : 0.649, P<0.001). These results suggested that the number of AgNORs and the PCNA LI could be useful markers for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation and prognosis of SCC. It was thought that the clinical usefulness of these markers should be verified by using human tissue specimens.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene ; Animals ; Carcinogenesis* ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Colloids ; Cricetinae* ; Humans ; Mesocricetus ; Mineral Oil ; Models, Theoretical ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Silver

Ankle arthrodesis has been considered to be the standard operative treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis, nevertheless currently increasing arthroplasty. Indication for arthrodesis is painful ankle from global arthrosis regardless of the etiology. But it is hard to be carried out in the several circumstance such as infection states, poor vascularity, severe diabetes, prematurity, etc. So thorough evaluation should be done before the surgery, including adjacent joints status. The ideal position for fusion is neutral in flexion, functional valgus, and slightly external rotation. Methods of arthrodesis would be largely divided into two categories as in situ fixation and realignment procedure. The lateral and anterior longitudinal approaches are two common procedures, and fixation modalities are also variable. The long-term results of arthrodesis have been reported. Even the close follow-up have shown subsequent degeneration of adjacent joints, benefits such as reliable pain loss, easy correctability for deformity, and improved functional status with considerable durability can be expected in the most patients.
Animals ; Ankle ; Arthritis ; Arthrodesis ; Arthroplasty ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints