BACKGROUND: Outpatient procedures account for more than half the operations performed in the United States, but the status of outpatient anesthesia in Korea has not been documented yet. The present study was designed to evaluate the current status of outpatient anesthesia in university hospitals in Korea. METHODS: Thirty-nine university hospitals were surveyed by questionnaire in February 1997. Objects were patients underwent outpatient operations under general, intravenous or regional anesthesia except local anesthesia by surgeon from January 1996 to December 1996. RESULTS: One university hospital started outpatient anesthesia in 1980 and now ten of 39 universities (25.6 %) provide the procedures. In 1995 one of 10 university hospitals has opened day- surgery center having 7 operating rooms and the capability of 24 hours overnight stays. The other 9 hospitals use one of in-patient operating rooms for outpatient procedures. The utility rate per year was 3.06 +/- 1.59 % and 11.49 % in 9 university hospitals and day-surgery center respectively during 1996. Outpatients were mainly classified as physical status 1 and 2 by American Society of Anesthesiologists, and 54.0 38.3 % to 70 % of patients were distributed under 15 years of age. Surgical procedures were relatively simple and 10 surgical departments were participated into the field of outpatient anesthesia. Inhalation techniques and intravenous anesthesia were used predominantly. Complications were sore throat, nausea and vomiting, delayed recovery of consciousness, bleeding at the operative site, fever and so on. CONCLUSIONS: I think that outpatient anesthesia in Korea has grown at very slow rate over the last 4 decades and that it is very low utility rate per year compared to United States. So we have to try to get more interests and supports about the outpatient anesthesia setting.
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Anesthesia, Local ; Consciousness ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals, University* ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Korea* ; Nausea ; Operating Rooms ; Outpatients* ; Pharyngitis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Male*

No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

The Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia) is an autosomal dominant disorder of blood vessels associated with mucocutaneous telangiectasis and arterivenous malformations in several organs. A pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae can cause hypoxemia, hemoptysis, polycythemia and clubbing. However the condition is often not recognized until the 3rd decade of life. The authors report a case of a 28-year-old male patient who had been suffering from telangiectasis of the upper lip and upper portion of the chin and unexpedly became undersaturated of hemoglobin through general anesthesia during an operation of the upper lip lesion.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Anoxia ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Blood Vessels ; Chin ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lip ; Male ; Polycythemia ; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic* ; Telangiectasis

The carpal injury is difficult to diagnose due to anatomical complexity and the like. So, in order to get radiological knowledge of normal wrist, the authors measured the values which will be described on the wrist PA and lateral roengenogram obtained from 440 normal wrists(male : 188 cases, female : 252 cases) in randomly selected patients. The following results were obtained. l. Ulnar variance(mm±standard deviation): Total 1.1±1.2 : negative variance : 9.3%, positive variance : 56.1%, 2. Scapholunate Gap(mm±standard deviation): Total 0.4±0.7, 3. Ulnar Tilt(degrees±standard deviation): Total 23.6±5.3, 4. Volar Tilt, 5. Carpal height rstio : Total 0.52±0.05 male 0.53±0.04 female 0.51±0.05 : Total 13.1±5.9, 6. Carpal ulnsr distance ratio Total 0.05±0.05, 7. Scapholunate Angle : Total 49.9'±10.1', 8. Capitatolunate Angle Total 17.5'±10.0', 9. Radiolunate Angle Total 8.8'±6.7', 10. Carpal width ratio Total 0.72±0.08 11. Carpal thickness ratio Total 0.49±0.07.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Wrist

No Abstract Available.
Heparitin Sulfate* ; Orientia tsutsugamushi*

Sick-sinus syndrome may be defined as an unexplained and marked sinus bradycardia or sinus arrest with or without associated supraventricular arrhythmias. The following is a case of left thyroid lobectomy and isthmectomy for an 39-year-old woman with sick-sinus syndrome under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway instead of endotracheal intubation.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Bradycardia ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Thyroid Gland

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is one of the most common gasttointestinal abnonnalities occurring in the first six months of life. Although the primary therapy for pyloric stenosis is surgical, it is essential to realize that pyloric stenosis is medical and not a surgical emergency. Preoperative preparation is the primary factor contributing to the low perioperative complication rates and the necessity to recognize fluid and electrolyte imbalance is the key to successful anesthetic management. The anesthetic records of 156 infants with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis were reviewed. Seventy-six per cent of the infants were male(i.e., 3:1 male to female ratio). Surgical correction was undertaken between age of 2 and 3 weeks, and the average weight of the infants at the time of surgery was 3.74+/-0.68 kg. All the infants received general anesthesia for the surgical procedure and assist respiration through the laryngeal mask airway was applied increasingly from 1992. There were no perioperative deaths.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant* ; Laryngeal Masks ; Male ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Respiration

BACKGROUND: During general anesthesia the adult patient's tidal volume is determined by patient's weight. Therefore patients with severe ascites, huge abdominal mass or pregnancy have considerable ventilatory change during the operation because the great change in their body weight, that might cause unwanted respiratory alkalosis or acidosis. The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of such changes in ventilation between pre-delivery and post-delivery periods during the cesarean section. METHODS: Eighteen 36weeks or older pregnant patients (ASA 1), scheduled for elective cesarean section under general anesthesia, are selected for the study. PhysioFlex was used for ventilation. Pre-induction maternal gas analysis were performed in all cases. They were randomly divided into two groups according to the ventilator setting for minute ventilation, one set by pre-pregnant weight (Group 1) and the other by pregnant (term) weight (Group 2). Blood gas analysis were performed 5 minutes after induction and 20 minutes after delivery. End-tidal CO2 and inspiratory airway pressure were also measured. RESULTS: All patients show mild hyperventilation with normal acid-base status at pre-induction period. There were no significant differences in arterial PCO2 value between two groups. Group 1 shows mild metabolic acidosis compared with group 2 (by pH at 20 minutes after delivery). CONCLUSION: Term(just prior to operation) body weight rather than pre-pregnant weight is preferable for ventilator setting in the case of cesarean section under general anesthesia.
Acidosis ; Adult ; Alkalosis, Respiratory ; Anesthesia, General* ; Ascites ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Body Weight ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperventilation ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND: Adequate humidification of anesthetic gases has been recommended both for the prevention of pulmonary damage during endotracheal anesthesia and for the maintenance of body temperature, especially in long-duration operated patients. Partial rebreathing anesthesia technique frequently lacks adequate humidity. So, this study was designed to compare inspired humidities in partial rebreathing anesthesia method with and without humidifier in the system. METHODS: The author examined inspired humidity using a controlled partial rebreathing anesthesia method with and without Bird humidifier in 10 and 22 healthy adult patients respectively. The patients were divided into two groups (1 and 2). All patients were anesthetized with pancuronium, halothane or enflurane, nitrous oxide-oxygen, 50-50 per cent, and their lungs were mechanically ventilated. Inspired humidity was measured for three hours at 30-min intervals in both groups. RESULTS: Significant differences were found among group 1- and 2-inspired humidities for 3 hours. While group 2-inspired humidity remained constant between 13 and 16 mgH2O/L during entire anesthesia procedure group 1-inspired humidity remained under 9 mgH2O/L. CONCLUSIONS: The humidities in all partial rebreathing anesthesia method with Bird humidifier not only exceeded those of method without humidifier but also seemed to be high enough to prevent dysfunction of tracheobronchial ciliated epithelium, while the standard partial rebreathing anesthesia method does not provide adequate inspired humidity.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit* ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Birds* ; Body Temperature ; Enflurane ; Epithelium ; Gases* ; Halothane ; Humans ; Humidity* ; Lung ; Pancuronium