No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Pregnancy*

Clinical history and dermatological examinations were performed in 51 patients with contact dermatitis due to metal working fluid who were working at the metal industry. Patch tests were also performed with standard series and oil cooling fluid series. Chronic lichenified eczema such as lichenified and fissured was the most common clinical type(45.1%). 19 patients had positive reaction to either one or more of the standard series and oil & cooling fluid series. We found ammoniated mercury chloride was the most common sensitizer in standard series, followed by potassium dichromate, 4-phenylendiamine dihydrochloride, cobalt chloride, nickel sulfate, quinoline mix and cabra mix. Microbiocide was the most common allergen(4 of 6 positive result in oil & cooling fluid series.
Cobalt ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Eczema ; Humans ; Nickel ; Patch Tests ; Potassium Dichromate

BACKGROUND: The potential adverse effects of ketamine in neurosurgical anesthesia have been well established. However, the effects of ketamine on intracranial pressure (ICP) and hemodynamics during general anesthesia remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of ketamine on hemodynamics and ICP in anesthetized, ventilated rabbits. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=10) received 1 ml/kg normal saline iv; Group 2 (n=10) received 0.5 mg/kg ketamine iv; Group 3 (n=10) received 1.0 mg/kg ketamine iv. After induction with thiopental, anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. During controlled ventilation, ICP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. The ICP was measured using Ladd ICP monitoring system. All variables were evaluated at baseline and for 30 min following ketamine. RESULTS: In group 1, ICP, MAP, CPP and HR were unchanged over the course of the study. In group 2, ICP, MAP and CPP were unchanged. HR increased at 1, 3 and 5 min (p<0.01), 10 and 20 min (p<0.05) after injection. In group 3, ICP, MAP and CPP increased at 1 and 3 min (p<0.01) after injection. HR increased at 1, 3 and 10 min (p<0.01), 5 min (p<0.05) after injection. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg of ketamine don't significantly affect the hemodynamics and ICP in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rabbits.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Isoflurane ; Ketamine* ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Perfusion ; Rabbits* ; Thiopental ; Ventilation

Tumoral calcinosis was coined by Inclan in 1943 and thereafter about 40 cases have been reported in the literature, but there has not been reported on a case which involved knee joints. The majority of cases hitherto reported were found in Negro. There was no report in yellow race. Authors presented a case of tumoral calcinosis that involved boih knee joints of a 55 years old Korean housewife. On physical examination chronic draining sinuses with spontaneous extrusion of calcific material was noted on the left infrapatellar region. A radiograph of the both knees showed dense, multinodular deposits of calcium. The masses were confined to the soft tissues; the contiguous joint showed no pathological change. En-block excisianal biopsy was done. The histological section of the excised mass disclosed the foreign-body giant cell with inflamed connective tissue surrounding calcific deposits.
African Continental Ancestry Group ; Biopsy ; Calcinosis ; Calcium ; Connective Tissue ; Continental Population Groups ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Numismatics ; Physical Examination

BACKGOUND: Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can alter the internal milieu and may increase the release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters or catecholamines, which may affect metabolic rate or coupling. This study was performed to evaluate whether disruption of BBB by unilateral intracarotid injection of hyperosmolar mannitol would alter oxygen supply/consumption balance in the ipsilateral cortex. METHODS: Rats were anesthetized with 1.4% isoflurane using mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy. 25% mannitol was administered at a rate of 0.25 mlxkg-1s-1 for 30 s through unilateral internal carotid artery. The BBB transfer coefficient (Ki) of 14C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid was measured in one group (N=7) after administering mannitol. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), regional arterial and venous O2 saturation and O2 consumption were measured in another group using a 14C-iodoantipyrine and microspectrophotometry (N=7). RESULTS: Vital signs were similar before and after administering mannitol. Ki was significantly higher in the ipsilateral cortex (IC) than in the contralateral cortex (CC), (22.3+/-8.4 vs 4.4+/-1.1 microliterxg-1min-1). rCBF was similar between IC (105+/-21 mlxg-1min-1) and the CC (93+/-20). Venous O2 saturation was lower in the IC (43+/-7%) than in the CC (55+/-4). O2 consumption was higher in the IC (9.6+/-3.0 mlx100 g-1min-1) than in the CC (6.7+/-1.5). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that increasing permeability of the BBB increased cerebral O2 consumption and deteriorated cerebral oxygen balance.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier* ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Catecholamines ; Excitatory Amino Acids ; Isoflurane ; Mannitol ; Microspectrophotometry ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Oxygen* ; Permeability ; Rats ; Respiration, Artificial ; Tracheostomy ; Vital Signs

No abstract available.
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Radiosurgery*

Clinical, EEG and MRI assessments were conducted in 320 consecutive seizure patients referred to the Yonsei Epilepsy Clinic from october 1, 1991 to Feburary 28. 1993 Clinical assessment suggested that 91.9% of our patients had partial seizures and only 3.1% had generalized seizures. Among partial seizures. Temporal lobe seizure uas considered in 37.5%, localization undetermined partial seizure in 29.7%, extratemporal lobe seizure in 24.7%. Correlation with EEG findings in these patients showed disconcordance rate of 34.6% in generalized seizure, 29.1% in extratemporal lobe seizure, 15.8% in temporal lobe seizure, 5.3% in localization undetermined partial seizure. Structural lesions in MRI were found in 51.6% with hippocampal atrophy being the most frequently round(59.4%). Focal encephalomalacia comprised 15.8%, focal atrophy in 4.8*/o. vascular malformation in 4.2%, granuloma in 3.7%, tumor in 3.7%, cyst in 2.4%. Patients with clinically judged temporal lobe seizure had the most common structural lesions in MRI. Which were seen in 59.2%. Extratemporal lobe seizure had focal lesion in 50.6%. Localization undetermined partial seizure in 50.5%, and generalized seizure in 23.1%. Among 98 patients with hippocampal atrophy, 27 patients(27.6%) had dual pathology with focal encephalomalacia being the most common. 11 patients(11.3%) were suspected to have bilateral hippocampal atrophy. Hippocampal atrophy was more commonly seen in patients with history of febrile convulsion and in patients with severe seizure.
Atrophy ; Electroencephalography* ; Encephalomalacia ; Epilepsy ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pathology ; Seizures* ; Seizures, Febrile ; Temporal Lobe ; Vascular Malformations

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Mesenteric microvascular thrombosis has been implicated as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the current study was to assess the possibility of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with IBD by measuring their carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT). METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with IBD who were followed-up for at least 3 years participated. Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease and known risk factors for atherosclerosis were excluded. As a control group, 38 healthy patients matched for age and gender without atherosclerosis risk factors were included. Carotid ultrasonography was performed in all patients and controls. Patient baseline characteristics and laboratory parameters were recorded to evaluate atherosclerosis risk factors. RESULTS: The mean age of patients with IBD was 38.5+/-6.62 years. Twenty-three patients with IBD were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and the other 15 cases were diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The median duration of disease was 52.0 months. Serologic markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cholesterol levels differed significantly, however, there was no significant difference in c-IMT between patients with IBD and those in the control group (0.53+/-0.10 mm vs. 0.53+/-0.07; P=0.85). Multivariate analysis revealed that body mass index, CRP, disease duration, and age were significantly correlated with c-IMT in patients with IBD. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study did not show an increase in c-IMT in patients with IBD. Further studies that include more subjects and a longer follow-up period will be necessary in order to evaluate the risk of atherosclerosis in Korean patients with IBD.
Atherosclerosis ; Blood Sedimentation ; Body Mass Index ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness* ; Cholesterol ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Crohn Disease ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

In order to product and develop questionnaire which can assess the schizotypal personality by model of criteria in DSM-III-R it was presented 1311owing questions in this study. First, far the validation and manufacture of scale and sub-subscale that assess overall feature, nine characteristics of the schizotypal personality disorder, this study was concerned with validity, reliability and factor-analysis results of schizotypal personality questionnaire. Second, we would be present how schizotypal personality disorder trend is connected with trait-anxiety, hopelessness and self-concept. Also the difference Is compared with. Finally, 396(male 216 Ss/53,8%, female 180 Ss/45.5%) college students with mean age 21.2 years were sampled. Raine's schizotypal personality questionnaire(SOQ) which assess nine characterisitics of schizotypal personality disorder in DSM-III-R was translated and used. In this results, Raine's schizotypal personality questionnaire was appeared to have high internal validity, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability Also, 6 factors were affirmed by empirical confirmation through factor-analysis. 6 factors have been very reliable internal validity that ranges from .78 to .83. In these 6 factors, idea of reference, odd or eccentric behavior and odd speech were corresponded to the category model after DSM-III-B in Raine's scale. 'Cognitive, perceptive' dimension was centered of factor 1, 'Emotive, affective' dimension was centered of factor 2, social anxiety and constricted affect were constituted to 2nd factor. No close friends, schizoid trend and suspiciousness of schizotypal characteristics were constituted to 3rd factor by' interpersonal relationship' dimension. These empirical outcomes which confirmed through factor-analysis were very valid and connected much to Raine's scale which assessed schizotypal personality disorder, thus possibility of development and manufacture of schizotypal personality disorder scale through item revision was lighten. In 2nd study the higher schizotypal personality disorder trend, trait-anxiety and hoplessness were higher. But on the contrary, self-concept was lower. The group of high score in schizotypal personality questionnaire had more trait-anxiety and hopelessness than the group of low score in schizotypal personality questionnaire. Contrastly, positive self-concept was high in the group of low score. Also, the most predictable variable to the trait-anxiety was factor 2, predictable power R2 of factor 2 was 29.1%. To the hopelessness, factor 2 was the most powerful predictable variable. Predictable power of factor 2 was 11.2%, also. In self-concept, factor 2 explained 20.8% of self-concept, thus it was presented that factor 2 had the most powerful explanatory quantity. In these consequences, the factors which have meaningful connection to the trait-anxiety, hopelessness and low self-concept within 6 factors were really factor 2, 3, 1. Among these factors, 'Emotive' feature of factor 2 including social anxiety and constricted affect have the most effect on trait-anxiety, hopelessness and serf-concept. And next to factor 2, the isolated interpersonal relation which include no close friends and schizoid trend was some influential variable. Also peculiar, unusual perceptual experience, eccentric belief and magical thinking had some effect though small. The college students who had strong schizotypal personality trend had more social anxiety and more constricted emotional empathic ability, less self-expression, less social skill than common college students. These elements threaten, interrupt and retard identity establishment and intimacy-seeking which are important developmental tasks within this period. These experiences is accepted to ego-dystonic to schizotypal college students who have some or moderate reality testing, adaptive ability. Moreover, These peoples would feel locus of control externally, not internally and would have more control-failure experiences. All these elements elevate anxiety level, give rise to low self-concept and low expectation to the future. These outcomes all confirmed questions which presented in this study.
Anxiety ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Internal-External Control ; Interpersonal Relations ; Magic ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reality Testing ; Schizotypal Personality Disorder ; Thinking