The posterior cruciate ligament has been considered the basic stabilizer which performs important functions because of its location and orientation within the knee joint. Therefore, failure to recognize or to repair its tear results in a poorly functioning knee. An isolated injury to the posterior cruciate ligament is believed to be unconmon and is seen most commonly in association with other ligamentous injury and dislocation of the knee joint. But recently its injuries are of frequent occurrence because of increasing traffic accident and sports activities as football, soccer, and skiing. The authors experienced 12 cases of isolated posterior cruciate ligament injury from March, 1978 to February, 1982 at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Capital Arrned Forces General Hospital and the results were as follows: 1. The most common cause of injury was passenger traffic accident (5 cases) and followed by soccer (4 cases), football (2 cases), and skiing (1 case). 2. There were 3 causative mechanisms by which the posterior cruciate ligament was injured; anteroposterior force on the front of the knee joint (5 cases), hyperextension of the knee joint (4 cases), and posteriorly directed rotatory force (3 cases). 3. Tears of the posterior cruciate ligament occured at its tibial attachment (5 cases), with avulsion of a bone fragment at its tibial attachment (3 cases), at its femoral attachment (2 cases), and its mid-portion (1 case). 4. The major findings in this injury included giving-way or instability on walking, abrasion or contusion over the anterior proximal tibial surface, presence of a posterior drawer sign, sagging of the tibia, bloody effusion, and X-ray evidence of avulsion fracture. 5. One case was treated conservatively and 11 cases surgically using screw fixation and direct or pull through suture through a posterior S-shaped incision (5 cases), medial parapatellar and posterior S-shaped incision (3 cases), and medial hockey-stick incision (3 cases) and were immobilized in a long leg cast with 30 to 45 degrees of the knee flexion for 6 to 7 weeks. 6. The results evaluated by Apleys method were excellent in 8 cases; good in 2 cases, and fair in 2 cases.
Accidents, Traffic ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Dislocations ; Football ; Hospitals, General ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Skiing ; Soccer ; Sports ; Sutures ; Tears ; Tibia ; Walking

No abstract available in English.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Leprosy

The metal ceramic crown is currently the most popular complete veneer restoration in dentistry, but in many cases, the metal cervical collar at the facial margin is unesthetic and unacceptable. Facial porcelain margin has been used in place of it. But this dose not solve the problems, such as dark gingival discoloration and cervical opaque reflection of porcelain veneer. Recently, metal copings which were designed to terminate its labio-cervical end on the axial walls coronal to the shoulder have been clinically used to solve the esthetic problem of metal ceramic crown. But in this design, porcelain veneer of labio-cervical area which is not supported by metal may not be able to resist the stress during cementation and mastication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate fracture strength and fractured appearance of crowns according to different coping designs. A resin maxillary left central incisor analogue was prepared for a metal ceramic crown, and metal dies were made with duplication mold. Metal copings were made and assigned to one of four groups based on facial framework designs: group 1, coping with 0.5mm metal collar; group 2, metal extended to the shoulder; group 3, metal extended to 1 mm coronal to the shoulder; group 4, metal extended to 2mm coronal to the shoulder. Copings and crowns were adjusted to be same size and thickness, and cemented to metal dies with zinc phosphate cement by finger pressure. Fracture strength was measured with Instron Universal Testing Machine. Metaldies were anchored in Three-way-vice at 3mm below finish line and at 130degree inclined to the lone axis of the crown. Load was directed lingually at 2mm below midincisal edge. Load value at initial crack and at catastrophic fracture was recorded. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Fracture strength values at initial crack were higher in groups 1, 2 than in groups 3, 4 but this difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05). 2. Conventional metal collared crown had greater catastrophic fracture strength than any other collarless crowns. 3. The greater the labial metal coping reduction, the lower the catastrophic fracture strength of crowns but when more than 1mm of labial metal reduction was done, the difference in strengths was not statistically significant(p<0.05). 4. The strongest collarless coping design was group 2.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cementation ; Ceramics* ; Crowns* ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentistry ; Fingers ; Fungi ; Incisor ; Mastication ; Shoulder ; Zinc Phosphate Cement

A clinical analysis was done for 51 eyes of 50 retinal detachment patients, who operated in the Depart of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital during last 3 years. The results were as follows: 1) The maximum incidence of detachment in this study occurred between the ages of 51 and 60 years (30 %), and the next over the age of 61 years (22 %), that was somewhat different comparing with other reports in Korea. Men were more common than women. 2) Of all retinal breaks, the round holes were most common (47.1 %), followed by dialyses (27.5 %) and horse-shoe tears(19.6 %) before the ages of 30 years, cases with disinsertions were frequently observed with trauma 3) The over aU success rate of retinal detachment surgery was 74.5 %. There was no effect on the success rate by the shapes and numbers of the retinal breaks. The shorter the duration. the better the preoperative vision, and the samller the extents of detached area showed the better success rate. 4) The most frequent and main causes of failure were massive vitreous retraction and giant tears. 5) No complications of silicon rubber was observed in the operated eyes, such as foreign body reaction or invasion into the globe after surgery.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Dialysis ; Female ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Ophthalmology ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rubber ; Silicone Elastomers*

Primary hyperparathyroidism is chronic disease which exhibits variable complex of symptoms suggestive of multiple system involvement. The authors have treated a case of primary hyperparathyroidism which was caused by parathyroid adenoma. The patient, 48 years old male, has been complained of back pain and polyarthralgia for five years. Radiologically, subperiosteal resorption along the radial margin of the middle phalanges and disappearance of lamina dura were noticed. In laboratory findings, serum calcium was increased, serum phosphate was decreased and alkaline phosphatase was markedly increased. Parathyroid adenoma was excised under the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma. Four months after removal of parathyroid adenoma, improvement was noted in clinical feature, laboratory findings and radiologic findings of bone.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Arthralgia ; Back Pain ; Calcium ; Chronic Disease ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary ; Male ; Parathyroid Neoplasms

Tumoral calcinosis was coined by Inclan in 1943 and thereafter about 40 cases have been reported in the literature, but there has not been reported on a case which involved knee joints. The majority of cases hitherto reported were found in Negro. There was no report in yellow race. Authors presented a case of tumoral calcinosis that involved boih knee joints of a 55 years old Korean housewife. On physical examination chronic draining sinuses with spontaneous extrusion of calcific material was noted on the left infrapatellar region. A radiograph of the both knees showed dense, multinodular deposits of calcium. The masses were confined to the soft tissues; the contiguous joint showed no pathological change. En-block excisianal biopsy was done. The histological section of the excised mass disclosed the foreign-body giant cell with inflamed connective tissue surrounding calcific deposits.
African Continental Ancestry Group ; Biopsy ; Calcinosis ; Calcium ; Connective Tissue ; Continental Population Groups ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Numismatics ; Physical Examination

No abstract available in English.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Clinical Study ; Epithelial Cells ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available in English.
Braces ; Child ; Hip ; Humans ; Thigh

Dislocation and subluxation of proximal interphalangeal joint of a finger are relatively common and reduction by closed method is normally easily achieved. However anterior dislocation of a proximal interphalangeal joint is an uncommon injury that produces permanent joint stiffness unlike the more common radial, ulnar, and dorsal dislocations. The case reported here is irreducible due to the displacement of the intact lateral band and interposition of the central slip between the joint.
Dislocations ; Fingers ; Joints ; Methods

The crush syndrome was first defined as a clinical entity in 1941. The term myorenal syndrome is preferred to the term crush injury or crush syndrome. The syndrome occurs in sjambok, deep burns and crush injuries. Crush injury is caused by continuous prolonged pressure on the limb. The main injury is to muscles of the limbs. Crush syndrome, which is the general manifestation of crush injury, has been accompainment of crushing injuries following disaster situations and war. However, we report a case of crush syndrome after physical assaults.
Burns ; Crush Syndrome* ; Disasters ; Extremities ; Muscles