Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease of probable autoimmune etiology. The MR images of patients with clinically suspected ADEM were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical symptoms occurred 5 days to 1 month after viral upper respiratory infection (4) and Coxsakie viral infection(1). The symptoms had begun with fever(3), headache(3), sore throat(1), and drowsy mental state (1), which progressed with monophasic course to altered mental change(2), extremity weakness(2), seizure(1) and/or cerebellary symptom(I) MRI findings of ADEM showed patchy(4), nonhemorrhagic(5), asymmetric(5) high signal intensity lesions on T2-weighted images. The number of the lesions was mostly multiple(4). The lesions mainly involved the brain stem(3) and subcortical white matter(3). Follow-up MR images of 13 days to 20 days after high dose steroid therapy showed marked improvement in two of three, which well correlated with clinical manifestations. MR findin of multiple, patchy, nonhemorrhagic and asymmetric lesions in subcortical white matter and brain stem on T2-weighted images seem to be characteristic features of ADEM, but nonspecific. Therefore, clinical correlation is required in evaluating ADEM.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; White Matter

No abstract available.
Endoderm* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor*

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Lymphocytes* ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Phagocytosis*

covered with liguid nitrozen and pulverized with a pestle. To the powered tissue 5ml of 3.3M formic acid/0.5% Tween 20 was added and centrifuged at 40,000*g for 10 min. An aliquot of supernate was put into C18 sepak minicolumn to eliminates IGF-BPs. Measurement of IGF-I in rat tissues was done by RIA with anti-hIGF-I antibody and hIGF-I(PSIII) standard which was prepared by Drs. L. E. Underwood and J. J. Van Wyk UNC at Chapel Hill, NC, USA and distributed through the National Hormone and Pituitary Distribution Program. Distribution of IGF-I in rat tissue was seen by SDS-PAGE and ligand blotting method. A cDNA library in lambda gt11 of rat liver was used to isolate the cDNA of IGF-I. Phage containing inserts encoding rat IGF-I were identified by hybridization with biotin labeled synthesized oligomer which was the sequence from 1 to 8 aminoacids of known rat IGF-I. The EcoRI inserts were subcloned into PBluescript SK. The nucleotide sequence of both strands was determined by the dideoxy chain termination method. RESULTS: 1)IGF-BPs in tissue extract which could compete with antibody for IGF-I in measureing the IGF-I were eluted at 50Kdalton molecular weight marker using Protein-pak 300SW column. Using C18-sepak minicolumn, IGF-BPs were completely eliminated from tissue extract as much as possible, using Protein-pak 300SW column. 2)The amount of IGF-I in tissues was as folows: liver 575+/-41.6ng/g, lung 552.0+/-40.8ng/g. kidney 503+/-30.8ng/g, heart 449.0+/-30.4ng/g, testis 225+/-18.8ng/g, spleen 146+/-26.4ng/g, muscle 92+/-7.6ng/g and brain 49.0+/-5.8ng/g. The amount of IGF-I in blood was 1403+/-60.8ng/ml. 3)Banding patterns of IGF-BPs in rat tissues extract were obtained using ligand blotting. IGF-BP3 bands at 50 Kdalton molecular weight marker were strongly shown in testis, heart, and lung extracts but not in brain and muscle. IGF-BP1 and 2 band at 30Kdalton molecular weight marker was strongly shown in liver, kidney, spleen, testis, heart and lung. IGF-BP4 band at 21 Kdalton molecular weight marker was weakly shown only in spleen and muscle. 4) The nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA of rat IGF-I is as follows. 5 10 15 5'----- CC CTT TGC GGG GCT GAG CTG GTG GAC GCT CTT CAG TTC GTG TGT 20 25 30 -GGA CCA AGG GGC TTT TAC TTC AAC AAG CCC ACA GGC TAT GGC- 35 40 45 -TCC AGC ATT CGG AGG GCA CCA CAG ACG GGC ATT GTG GAT GAG------3 CONCLUSION: This study suggests that tissue extraction method for IGF-I from tissues and elimination of IGF-BPs using C18 sepak minicolumn is suitable for measuring in large numbers of samples. Expression of IGF-I and IGF-BPs in multiple tissues suggests some phsiologic function at each tissue level. Subcloning of cDNA of exon 3 and 4 of IGF-I was useful for studying regulation of IGF-IA and IB mRNA in rat tissue.
Animals ; Bacteriophages ; Base Sequence ; Biotin ; Brain ; Carrier Proteins* ; Clone Cells ; DNA, Complementary ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Exons ; Gene Library ; Heart ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Molecular Weight ; Polysorbates ; Rats* ; RNA, Messenger ; Spleen ; Testis

Sixteen patients who had radial head fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation using Herbert screws (10 patients), and with silastic prosthetic replacement (6 patients) from March, 1992 to December, 1994 in Chungnam National University hospital. The average duration of follow up was 19.5 months. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of Herbert screw fixation and silicone replacement arthroplasty and to asscess the clinical results of two groups functionally, radiologically in raidial head fractures. By functional rating index (modified After B.F. Morrey et al), the results were classified as excellent (9 patients), good (6 patients), fair (No patient) and poor (1 patient). Nine of the ten patients treated by open reduction and internal fixation using Herbert screws had resulted in excellent or good. All patients were inserted silastic implants were showed excellent or good results. Especially, in Mason Type III radial head fractures, three of four patients treated by Herbert screws and all 5 patients treated by silastic prosthesis were considered to excellent or good results. We concluded that Herbert screw fixation or silastic prosthetic replacement had satisfactorily appeared to be the alternative treatment option for Mason Type III radial head fractures.
Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Silicones

Two cases of monochorial twins with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome were presented. In both of two cases, cases, there were marked difference in hemoglobin levels between two identical twins but in one of two cases, the anemic two was more larger than the pletoric one in birth weight unusually. In one of two cases, both anemic infant and plethoric one survived, but in the other case, both succumbed.
Birth Weight ; Female ; Fetofetal Transfusion* ; Humans ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Twins* ; Twins, Monozygotic

PURPOSE: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare soft tissue tumor, which usually arises in larger joints, such as the knee. It has a high recurrence rate after surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the clinical results of diffuse-type pigmented villonodular synovitis cases that were treated with open total synovectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1994 and 2006, 21 patients who had diffuse-type pigmented villonodular synovitis were selectively reviewed. Among the 21 cases studied, 14 patients presented at the knee, 5 at the ankle, and 2 at the shoulder and elbow. The mean follow up period was 5.5 years (range, 36-157 months). The average age of the patients was 34 years consist of 7 men and 14 women. Clinical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively, including range of motion and complications. RESULTS: Open total synovectomy and adjuvant electrocautrization were done in all cases except one. During the regular follow-up period after the surgery, two patients showed symptoms of recurrence. After re-operation, only one case was pathologically confirmed as a recurrence. The patient who had partial synovectomy and the other patient who had second operation due to recur rence received additional radiation therapy. Clinical outcome scores were improved in every aspect (p<0.0001). 2 out of 14 Patients who had pigmented villonodular synovitis at the knee developed stiff knee after the surgery. CONCLUSION: After the open total synovectomy with electrocautrization, a low recurrence rate and satisfactory clinical outcome was achieved, observed in a minimum of 3 years of follow-up.
Animals ; Ankle ; Elbow ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Synovitis ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, especially on the eyelid and nose. As it rarely invades to a underlying bone or metastasizes an distant site, and is usually found at an early stage, it is regarded as a curative disease. However, basal cell carcinoma on the eyelid and nose may be resected incompletely due to efforts to preserve important structures or as a result of esthetic considerations. We experienced two cases of basal cell carcinoma with local invasion to underlying bone. One was a recurred case on the nasal area extending to the nasal bone arts medial wall of the ethmoid sinus. The lesion was widely resected and covered with a radial forearm free flap. The other was on the eyelid extending to the orbit. It was treated with orbital exenteration and resection of the involved eyelid. The defect was reconstructed with the temporalis muscle flap with split-thickness skin graft. These patients were followed up for 7 months with no evidence of recurrence. Since basal cell carcinoma can invade to the bone and metastasize to a distance site, it should be resected radically in the regions of the eyelid and nose.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Eyelids ; Forearm ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; Nose ; Orbit ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Urticaria*

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess and investigate the epidemiology of pertussis in infants under 6 months of age. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted between October 1, 2011 and April 30, 2013 in CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, South Korea. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or culture was used to detect Bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal aspirates from case patients who were hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). In addition, multiplex real-time PCR assays were also performed to detect 6 etiologic viruses, including adenovirus, human metapeumovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. RESULTS: Of the 79 enrolled case patients, whose median age was 2 months of age, the most common diagnoses uncovered in this study were acute bronchiolitis (60%) and pneumonia (28%). B. pertussis infection was found in 13 cases (16%), in which 7 (53%) was coinfected with respiratory syncytial virus and 1 (7%) with influenza A virus. Of the 13 patients with B. pertussis infection, 6 (46%) were not vaccinated with the diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine, while 6 (46%) received 1 dose, and 1 (8%) received 2 doses. CONCLUSION: B. pertussis infection was present in 16% of under 6 month-old infants, who were hospitalized for acute LRTI. Therefore, a nationwide epidemiological surveillance of pertussis, including institutions that cater to infants under 6 months of age is necessary and needed.
Adenoviruses, Human ; Bordetella pertussis ; Bronchiolitis ; Diagnosis ; Diphtheria ; Epidemiology ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Infant* ; Influenza A virus ; Korea ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Pertussis Vaccine ; Pneumonia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prospective Studies ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Rhinovirus ; Tetanus Toxoid ; Vaccination ; Whooping Cough*