Interventional neuroradiology is the catheter-based therapy for vascular lesions of the brain and spine. During the past decade, the field has expanded rapidly, and ongoing technical developments are improving the application, safety, and efficacy of this therapy. A growing number of intracranial disorders are amenable to endovascular interventions, which include aneurysms, vasospasm from aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, dural arteriovenous fistulas, intracranial tumors, thromboembolic occlusion of intracranial arteries and atherosclerosis. Interventional procedure alone is able to treat patients with diseases that cannot be treated with neurosurgery and radiation ; however, in many cases a combination of these methods provides the best outcome for the patients. Treatment strategies must be developed in collaboration with other neurological sciences and experienced multidisciplinary teams must be responsible for handling of patients with CNS lesions. Both education in practical skill and ethics must be part of structured training programs in especially assigned neurointerventional centers.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Atherosclerosis ; Brain ; Catheters ; Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; Cooperative Behavior ; Education ; Ethics ; Humans ; Neurosurgery ; Radiology, Interventional* ; Spine ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Iliac Artery*

No abstract available.
Endocrine System Diseases*

No abstract available.
Varicose Veins*

No abstract available.
Hand ; Leprosy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphologic characteristics and anatomical variation of the foramen ovale(FO) and its relationship with adjacent foramina. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 305 HRCT studies of the temporal bone in patients without having any disease that might alter the foraminal anatomy. This study focused on the variations in presence, shape, size, location and relationship with each other. RESULTS: The shapes of FO were 6 types(ovoid :75.2%, pyriform, elongated, round, polygonal and figure of 8). The average size was 7.4mm 1.3 in long diameter and 4.3mm 0.9 in short diameter. The position of the posterior margin of FO in respective to the line connecting the both mandibular fossa of temporal bone was various(on the line:62.3%, anterior:30.2%, posterior:7.5%). FO had communication with the foramen spinosum (FS) in 4.1% and with the foramen vesalius(FV) in 1.9%. FV was present in 47.5%(bilateral: 26.2%, right:10.2%, left:11.1%). The shapes were round or ovoid. The distance from the midline was 18.9mm 1.7. No data showed statistically significant differences between right and left. There was no inverse relationship between the presence of FV and the size of FO. Three continuous sections in one patient showed variations in the formation of foramen ovale and foramen spinosum ;one pyriform shaped foramen ovale and one foramen spinosum on the lower section, one round shaped foramen ovale and two foramen spinosum on the midsection, assimilation of two foramen spinosum into one elongated foramen spinosum on the upper section. The canaliculus innominatus was observed in 9%. CONCLUSION: Skull base foramina of the middle cranial fossa have various shape, size, location, presence and relationship with each other. It is important to recognize foraminal varients not to misinterprete as disease.
Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Foramen Ovale* ; Humans ; Skull Base* ; Skull* ; Temporal Bone

No abstract available.
Schizophrenia*

PURPOSE: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common life-threatening illness with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In recent years, the incidence of VTE has gradually increased in Korea. In this study, we evaluated the current trends in the management of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 20-item questionnaire was prepared and sent to 48 members of the Korean Society for Vascular Surgery. Each member worked in a different hospital. Twenty-two members participated in this study. RESULTS: The vascular surgery departments were primarily responsible for managing DVT. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) venography were chosen as the most common initial diagnostic tools. Eighty-two percent of participants routinely used the coagulation factor assay. Thrombolysis and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion were performed mainly in the radiology departments. Seventy-seven percent of participants performed thrombolysis only if the thrombus age was less than 21 days. During thrombolysis, IVC filter was routinely inserted by 50% of respondents and removed within 14 days by 64% of respondents. Nearly all participants followed the 2012 American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for anticoagulation therapy. CONCLUSION: The majority of Korean vascular surgeons followed the guidelines. However, CT was frequently used. Thrombolysis and IVC filter insertion were more frequently performed than recommended by the guidelines.
Blood Coagulation Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mortality ; Phlebography ; Thorax ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The selection of allergen panels is a prerequisite to effectively test for innumerable allergens scattered throughout the environment. However, the selection of the pre-existing panel has been vague and contains some allergens that have not been verified as being common in Korea. This study was aimed to produce allergen panels in Korea. METHODS: For 12 months in 1996, sera were tested by the chemiluminescent assay of Multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST-CLA: Immunosystems, Mountain view, U.S.A.). A total of 2, 467 specimens that either tested positive or were negative but had high total IgE level were pooled together. The pooled ser a were assayed for 60 allergens supplied by Dexall Acti Tip System (Dexall biomedical Labs. Inc., Gaithersburg, U.S.A.), a recently developed enzyme immunoassay. According to the Allerg Ens Unit (Allergen Unit:AU), 12 of the most frequently encountered and 6 of the leaot frequent allergens with reactions between classes 3 and trace were selected. RESULTS: The 12 most frequently encountered allergens were : Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, house dust, timothy grass, perennial rye, mugwort, birch, oak, hazel nut, common ragweed, alder and dog dander. The 6 least frequently encountered were : wheat, egg-white, cat epithelium, milk, cockroach and shrimp. CONCLUSION: The 12 allergens we chose proposed to be the minimally required panel of frequently encountered allergens in allergy testing. We conclude that the 12 most frequent allergens should be tested with the total IgE level as a major panel (panel-M) and that the 6 least frequently encountered allergens may be tested separately when needed, as a minor panel (panel-m).
Allergens ; Alnus ; Ambrosia ; Animals ; Artemisia ; Betula ; Cats ; Cockroaches ; Dander ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Dogs ; Dust ; Epithelium ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Immunoglobulin E ; Korea ; Luminescent Measurements ; Milk ; Nuts ; Phleum ; Secale ; Triticum