There is increasing need for network connecting personal computers(PC) together. Thus Local Area Network(LAN) emerged, which was designed to allow multiple computers to access and share multiple files and programs and expensive peripheral devices and to communicate with each user. We built PC-LAN in our department that consisted of 1) hardware-9 sets of personal computers(IBM compatible 80386 DX, 1 set:80286 AT, 8sets) and cables and network interface cards (Ethernet compatible, 16bits) that connected PC and peripheral devices 2) software - network operating system and database management system. We managed this network for 6 months. The benefits of PC-LAN were 1) multiuser (share multiple files and programs, peripheral devices) 2) real time data processing 3) excellent expandibility and flexibility, compatibility, easy connectivity 4) single cable for networking ) rapid data transmission 6) simple and easy installation and management 7) using conventional PC's software running under DOS(Disk Operating System) without transformation 8) low networking cost. In conclusion, PC-LAN provides an easier and more effective way to manage multiuser database system needed at hospital departments instead of more expensive and complex network of minicomputer or mainframe.
Database Management Systems ; Hospital Departments ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Minicomputers ; Pliability ; Running

Temporary vessel occulusion is a useful technique which facilitates aneurysmal dissection and clipping, and reduces the risk of intraoperative aneurysal rupture; It may, however, result in postoperative stroke, and many authors have therefore used various agents for brain protection. Among these, barbiturate is well known. This study was undertaken to retrospectively review the effect of barbiturate on brain protection during short periods of ischemia. It involved patients with 146 anterior circulation aneurysms, who were divided into two groups: 43 who received intraoperative barbiturate burst suppression with sodium thiopental during temporary vessel occlusion and the remaining 103, who did not. Doses of thiopental 5mg/kg, usually singly or occasionally repeated at 10-mimute interval, were administered. All patients underwent general anesthesia using volatile isoflurane; mild hypothermia(32-34degreesC), mild hypocarbia(30-35mmHg), and normotension of 110-130mmHg were noted prior to permanent clipping, and mild hypertension(130-150mmHg) after clipping. In some cases, intraoperative scalp electroencep-halography was monitored. Clinical, radiological, and overall infarction were assessed postoperatively, and statistical analysis was perfomed. With regard to Hunt-Hess grades, number of episodes of occlusion, duration of temporary clip application lasting less than 13 minutes, and period of post-subarachnoid hemorrhage, no significant differences were seen between the two groups. Patients in whom barbiturate burst was suppressed showed a 4-hours delay in mean anesthetic recovery time, and after thiopental sodium was injected intravenously, systolic and mean arterial pressure(MAP), averaging 10-20mmHg, were lowered than in those without this suppression. In conclusion, we had found that under mild hypothermic anesthesia involving less than 13 minutes of temporary vessel occlusion, protection of the brain by barbiturate was not beneficial.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Aneurysm* ; Brain* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Isoflurane ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Scalp ; Sodium ; Stroke ; Thiopental

The management of infectious intracranial aneurysm, either by antibiotics alone or by surgery plus antibiotic therapy, remains controversal. Some authors have recommended initial treatment with antibiotics, plus serial angiography, and consider surgery only in cases where aneurysm enlargement during antibiotic treatment or persistence after treatment is documented. Due to the unpredictable rebleeding rate and high morbidity and mortality rate associated with rebleeding, others have argued for prompt surgical intervention. We report a case of surgically treated infectious intracranial aneurysm located distal to the trifurcation of the right middle cerebral artery. During the course of high-dose antibiotic therapy, rupture and rapid enlargement occurred ; after the operation, the patient underwent cardiac surgery and is at present in good health.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Mortality ; Rupture ; Thoracic Surgery

In a series of 43 patients with intracranial meningioma, we retrospectively analysed factors influencing the development of peritumoral brain edema(PTBE). The extent of this was measured by the Edema Index(EI), obtained from the size of the meningioma and associated PTBE on a T2-weighted magnetic resonance image. We evaluated the relationship between EI and certain factors that may play a role in the development of PTBE ; namely age, size, location, and histology of the tumor, and its vascular supply(intrinsic cerebral artery or meningeal artery). Tumors in the frontal and sphenoid ridge regions tended to be associated with more extensive PTBE than these in the parietal, occipital, and infratentorial regions(p<0.05). In particular, the extent of infratentorial meningioma-associated PTBE tended to be slight. Histologically, PTBE associated with meningotheliomatous and transitional meningiomas tended to be more extensive than that associated with the fibroblastic meningiomas(p<0.05). On angiography, it was seen that for meningiomas supplied by intrinsic cerebral artery(internal carotid or veterbral artery only, or in conjunction with the meningeal artery), correlation with severe PTBE was higher than for those supplied by the meningeal artery only(p<0.05). We concluded, therefore, that location, histology, and vascular supply from the intrinsic cerebral arteries were the factors influencing PTBE.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Brain Edema* ; Brain* ; Cerebral Arteries ; Edema ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Meningeal Arteries ; Meningioma ; Rabeprazole ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the CT features of abdominal tuberculosis by the pattern anaylsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrosepctively reviewed the CT findings of confirmed abdominal tuberculosis in 16 patients. Of the 16 patients, 1 was man and the remaining 15 were women with an average age of 34.1 years and the highest incidence in the twenties of age. Intravenous and oral contrast agents were used in all patients. The amount and location of ascites and the changes in the omenturn, mesentery, bowel wall, and peritoneum were analyzed. The morphologic feature, size and main compartment of involvement were also evaluated in the cases with lymphadenopathy as well as other changes in intraabdominal organs. RESULTS: The abdominal tuberculosis was more common in the female(15/16, 93.8%) and could be classified into 3 patterns on their CT findings;Complex ascitic, lymphadenopathy, or abscess forms. The complex ascitic form(10/16, 62.5%) was most commonly seen and characterized by uneven distribution and Ioculation of intraperitoneal fluid collection and marked changes of the omenturn and mesentery. The lymphadenopathy form(3/16, 18.8%) was characterized by central low density and peripheral rim enhancement on postcontrast CT with common involvements of porta hepatis and upper abdominal and paraaortic lymph nodes. The abscess form(3/16, 18.8%) was mainly related to the pelvic abscesses. CONCLUSION: CT was valuable in analyzing the patterns of the lesions and making a diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis.
Abscess ; Ascites ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mesentery ; Peritoneum ; Tuberculosis*

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause, and is characterized by appearance of various autoantibodies and multiple organ involvement. Some of the systems commonly involved in SLE include the muscle and joints, brain and peripheral nervous system, lungs, heart, kidneys, skin, serous membranes, and component of blood. The clinical manifestations of SLE is protean, overlap with other illnesses, and are often subtle. However there are few documented reports on SLE associated with Crohn's disease in other countries and no reporting case in Korea. We experienced a 30-year-old female patient who was admitted for right leg swelling and diagnosed as SLE with Crohn's disease.
Adult ; Autoantibodies ; Brain ; Crohn Disease* ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Joints ; Kidney ; Korea ; Leg ; Lung ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Serous Membrane ; Skin

Spatio-temporal changes on c-Fos protein expression were investigated in vestibular compensation following unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) induced by injection of arsanilate into the middle ear cavity, chemical labyrinthectomy, or surgical labyrinthectomy in medial vestibular nuclei (MVN), prepositus hypoglossal nuclei (PrH), and inferior olivary nuclei (ION) of Sprague-Dawley rats. Number of spontaneous nystagmus in surgical labyrinthectomy group was 28.2+/-.2 beats/10 sec at post-op 2 hs and the nystagmus disappeared 76 hs after UL. In chemical labyrinthectomy group, spontaneous nystagmus occurred 6 hs after UL and increased up to maximum at 12 hs and disappeared 96 hs. Head deviation in surgical labyrinthectomy group reached a peak at post-op 2 hs and recovered to control level at 144 hs, but chemical labyrinthectomy produced head deviation 24 hs after UL and increased degree of the deviation over time till 144 hs. Expression of c-Fos protein in surgical labyrinthectomy group at post-op 2 hs was 81+/-9.4 cells in ipsilateral MVN to the lesion side and 212+/-0 cells in contralateral MVN, which showed severe asymmetry between bilateral MVN, and decrease of c-Fos protein expression was more in contralateral MVN than in ipsilateral MVN at 6 hs. Chemical labyrinthectomy expressed more c-Fos protein in contralateral MVN 6 hs after UL and in ipsilateral MVN 12 hs after UL, which showed asymmetry of c-Fos protein expression between bilateral MVN. And the expression in ipsilateral MVN of chemical labyrinthectomy group was increased gradually 48 hs after UL and reached a peak at 72 hs. In chemical labyrinthectomy group, expression of c-Fos protein in PrH was increased more in ipsilateral than in contralateral 6 hs after UL and more in contralateral 12 hs after UL, and ION showed more expression of c-Fos protein in contralateral than in ipsilateral 6 hs after UL through 72 hs. These results suggest that the course of vestibular compensation and the temporal expression of c-Fos protein in the brain stem nuclei following UL differed between surgical and chemical labyrinthectomy.
Animals ; Arsanilic Acid ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Compensation and Redress ; Ear, Middle ; Head ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vestibular Nuclei

The definition of the high-risk group for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists was changed from the criteria composed of five historic/demographic factors (old criteria) to the criteria consisting of 11 factors (new criteria) in 2017. To compare the predictive performances between these two sets of criteria.