Astrocytes are the most numerous cellular elements in the cerebrum, and they normally have a very slow turnover rate. But during regeneration after injury, they proliferate markedly resulting in astrogliosis. The extracellular matrix in the central nervous system is present in the vessel walls and in the external glia limitans as a basal lamina. The presence of an intact extracellular matrix framework is important in regeneration after injury. Understanding the properties of astrocytic proliferation will be helpful to find out new treatment for functional recovery in the central nervous system. In this study, after cryogenic injury was performed on the cerebral cortex in rats, changes in astrocytes and the extracellular matrix were observed using light microscopy, immunohistochemical stain for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), fibronectin, laminin, and type IV collagen, autoradiography and electron microscopy. The results were as follows; 1) The coagulative necrosis, which followed cryogenic injury on the cerebral cortex was healed, forming a new pia mater above the lesion. 2) Some of the PCNA positive cells were astrocytes and some of the GFAP positive cells showed a positive reaction to PCNA. 3) Proliferating astrocytes labelled by autoradiography or immunohistochemical stain for PCNA reached maximal numbers 3days after the injury and they were no longer found 2 weeks after injury. 4) In autoradiography with immunohistochemical stain for GFAP, about 1% of GFAP positive astrocytes were labelled by autoradiography and in double immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and GFAP, about 8-16% of GFAP positive astrocytes were also stained by PCNA. 5) In immunohistochemical stain for fibronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, laminin and type IV collagen were present in the newly formed blood vessel walls and fibronectin showed a diffuse positive reaction within the lesion. The new pia mater was formed within 2 weeks after the injury. 6) On electron microscopic examination, basal lamina material was found in the vessel wall 1 week after the injury and at 2 weeks, a nearly complete and continuous basal lamina was formed although the thickness was uneven. According to these findings, astrocytes in the cerebral cortex of adult rats proliferate very early in the regenerative period after cryogenic injury. At 2 weeks after the injury, this regeneration ceases and the damaged basal lamina of pia mater and vessel wall were reconstituted.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Rats ; Animals

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation*

In 1980, Franklin was reported deltoid sensory flap for the one-stage reconstruction of large soft tissue injuries and restoration of protective sensation on the hand or weight bearing ares. The deltoid sensory flaps were performed in 8 cases at the Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from July, 1984 to June, 1986. The results were as followings : l. A one-stage reconstruction of large soft tissue injuries was done with a deltoid sensory flap. 2. The protective sensation was restored. 3. The primary closure of the donor sites was feasible, and no limitation of motion of the shoulder was remained. In conclusion, the advantage of deltoid sensory flap exceed the any methods that have been employed in the sense of functional and plastic aspects.
Hand ; Humans ; Plastics ; Sensation ; Shoulder ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tissue Donors ; Weight-Bearing

Correction and stabilization for deformed feet were performed on 372 feet in 309 patients under 17 years old age at the Sam Yook Rehabilitation Center. Review of statistics, technical problems, and complications has led to followings :1. Cerebral palsy and residual poliomyelitis were the most common etiology. 2. Equinovarus deformity and its conjoined cavus deformity were the most common deformity. 3. In soft tissue surgery, tendo calcaneus lengthening was the most common procedure, and next, plantar fasciotomy. 4. In bone surgery, triple arthrodesis was the most common procedure, especially Ryerson technique. 5. Almost patients impraved their stand and gait pattern by operation.
Achilles Tendon ; Arthrodesis ; Cerebral Palsy ; Clubfoot ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Foot Deformities ; Foot ; Gait ; Humans ; Poliomyelitis ; Rehabilitation Centers

No abstract available.
Nerve Regeneration* ; Silicones*

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is one of the treatment options used for patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), although its effectiveness is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of MPS in terms of pain relief and functional improvements. METHODS: We assessed 93 patients with MPS who underwent ESWT from March 2009 to July 2014. After exclusion of 25 patients with shoulder diseases, 68 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean follow-up period was 7.5 months (± 4.2 weeks), and the average duration of symptoms was 5 months (range, 2-16 months). ESWT was applied to intramuscular taut bands and referred pain areas once a week for 3 weeks. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were obtained at an initial assessment and at the 6-week, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up assessments. RESULTS: VAS pain scores and ASES scores improved significantly after 3 sessions of ESWT (p<0.05). Both scores were improved, although not significantly, after 6 weeks (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ESWT is an effective treatment option for patients with MPS.
Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes* ; Pain, Referred ; Shock* ; Shoulder ; Visual Analog Scale

No abstract available.
Arthritis*

The successful development of reliable total hip arthroplasties for the treatment of several diseased hips has led to it increasing application in this country. As with any mode of therapy, the more frequent its use, the greater chance of complication or failure. Infection and loosening of component which is mainly due to improper surgical and cementing technique are the most frequent of these complication and has been increased the incidence of revision, too. We have experienced 96 hips of total hip replacement in 90 patients from February 1980 to July 1986. Among them, 14 hips who had been undertaken revisional arthroplasty were followed-up for average 27 months, and the following results were obtained. 1. Average patients age was 50.5 years, and time from previous total hip replacement to revisional arthroplasty was 3 years in 11 cases of loosening but only 3 weeks in 3 cases of surgieal error, and the post-revision follow-up was average 27 months. The main cause of the revisional surgery in this study were aseptic loosening in 9 csses (64.3%), surgical error in 3 cases(21.4%) and septic loosening in 2 cases(14.3%). 2. Cementless total hip replacement seems to be more prefer in an attempt to in initial total and even in revisional hip replacement to prevent loosening. 3. There are three cases of surgical error with the fracture and penetrating the tip of femoral stem into the proximal femur. Their causes of initial hip arthroplasty wss dysplastic hip in one and two cases of secondary osteosrthritis due to late sequelae of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease with moderate degree of anteversion of femoral head. These patients were younger than most who require usually total hip replscement and therefore their bone was harder and the medullary canal was nsrrow. These surgical complications are initiated because any attempt to correct these anteversion of femoral head was not given preoperatively. These kinds of surgical error in total hip replacement can be prevented by careful anstomicsl and radiological analysis of proximsl femur preoperatively, and X-rays or viewing with the T-V image intensifier for the proximal femur during the operation.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Medical Errors

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma*

No abstract available.
Femur* ; Tibia*