Once released into the air, humidifier disinfectants became tiny nano-size particles, and resulted in chemical bronchoalveolitis. Families had lost their most beloved members, and even some of them became broken. Based on an estimate of two million potential victims who had experienced adverse effects from the use of humidifier disinfectants, we can say that what we have observed was only the tip of the iceberg. Problems of entire airways, as well as other systemic effects, should be examined, as we know these nano-size particles can irritate cell membranes and migrate into systemic circulation. The story of humidifier disinfectant is not finished yet.
Cell Membrane ; Disinfectants* ; Humans ; Humidifiers* ; Ice Cover

Hemangiomas of the bladder are a rare but recognized cause of gross hematuria. In many cases, the tumor shows the characteristics of an iceberg, with considerable extravesical extension making endoscopic management less suitable. In spite of its benign nature, bladder hemangioma may grow continuously, and spontaneous regression is rare. They need to be adequately treated to avoid recurrent fatal hematuria and appropriately followed up to detect recurrency or persistency. We report a case of cavernous hemangioma of the bladder in 26-year-old woman, who presented recurrent gross hematuria and was treated with partial cystectomy.
Adult ; Cystectomy ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Ice Cover ; Urinary Bladder*

This review has focused on important but less visible aspects of fibromyalgia (FM) with respect to the high impact of this disorder on patients and societies. FM is a common but challengeable illness. It is characterized by chronic widespread pain, which can be accompanied by other symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and depressive episodes. While our understanding of this debilitating disorder is limited, diagnosis and treatment of this condition is very difficult, even in the hands of experts. Due to the nature of disease, where patients experience invalidation by medical services, their families and societies regarding the recognition and management of disease, direct, indirect and immeasurable costs are considerable. These clinical and economic costs are comparable with other common diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension and osteoarthritis, but the latter usually receives much more attention from healthcare and non-healthcare resources. Present alarming data shows the grave and "iceberg-like" burden of FM despite the benign appearance of this disorder and highlights the urgent need both for greater awareness of the disease among medical services and societies, as well as for more research focused on easily used diagnostic methods and target specific treatment.
Anxiety ; Chronic Pain ; Cost of Illness ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Fatigue ; Fibromyalgia* ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Ice Cover* ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Osteoarthritis