The purpose of this study is to introduce the patients with bilateral cleft lip nose have lots of distinctive anatomical features such as short columella, inferior displacement of the medial crura of alar cartilage, lowering of the alar dome, flattened tip of the nose, widened nostril sill and prominent vestibular skin web. Although millard, Kaplan and Wray have introduced columellar lengthening by fork flap, it was difficult to achieve satisfying results without reconstructing the nasal skeletal framework of the cleft lip nose deformity for their anatomical distinctiveness. We have performed rhinoplasty on 7 patients with bilateral cleft lip nose from January. 1995 to August. 1997, using onlay calvarial bone graft and suture suspension technique. Operation was performed on basic anatomical structure, skeletal framework using outer table of calvarial bone pushed into the nasal tip area and suspension suture was applied to the framework with anteroinferior projection of nasal tip projection vector by cantilever effect of the calvarial bone which carried out nearly normal anatomical nasal structure. We have obtained satisfying results without complication in all seven cases. In conclusion the method which authors have used shows several advantages. First, it was possible to obtain the substantial skin lengthening in anterior and inferior direction by "Tent-Pole effect" in which creating bony structure projected into nasal tip and traction suturing of the deformed alar cartilages. Secondly, columellar lengthening and close to normal nostril shape was obtained and thirdly, re-deformation of corrected structure was prevented. An expected problem in above method is resorption of grafted calvarial bone which expected to maintain its position under influence of alternation and reformation by reaction between chondroblast and chondroclast results in fibrous tissue replacement, yet long term follow up is necessary for futher evaluation.
Cartilage ; Chondrocytes ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inlays ; Nose* ; Rhinoplasty ; Skin ; Sutures* ; Traction ; Transplants*

A study was made on the two cases of congenital adrenogenital syndrome. Cliteroplasty wag performed on the two cases in addition to adrenalectomy in one case. Good results were obtained following the treatment.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenogenital Syndrome*

Changes of alveolar-arterial oxygen tension differences (AaDO2) after 35 cases of open heart surgery were evaluated with durations of extracorporeal circulation and prognosis. Following results were obtained. 1) AaDO2 values of pre-bypass in fatal open great cases were higher than in survival cases. 2) AaDO2 values of post-bypass were similar and noted no correlation to progonsis. 3) Luration of extracorporeal bypass time in fatal cases were longer than in survival cases. 4) Changes of AaDO2 values after extracorporeal circulation were much correlated to AaDO2 of pre-bypass than those of post-bypass.
Extracorporeal Circulation ; Oxygen ; Prognosis ; Thoracic Surgery

There have been many reports stating that halperidol premedication has been used for sefative and antiemetic effects. Therefore we utilized haloperidol as a premedicant for the purpose of obtaining the above effects. Over a period of one year from march 1978 to February 1979, 0.1mg haloperidol per kilogram of body weight was given to 747 patients. The results were as follows. 1)The extrapyramidal symptioms appeared in children, especially in the 10-year old group. 2) Large doses of haloperidol were more likely to cause to extrapyramidal symptoms than smaller doses(over 0.1mg/kg) 3)The effects of haloperidol lasted for a considerable duration of time after administration, (about 24-48 hous).
Antiemetics ; Body Weight ; Child ; Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Premedication*

Local cutaneous reactions have been reported at injection sites of interferon therapy, but these are usually erythema or rarely induration. Skin necrosis at the injection site is rare. We describe here a patient with multiple sclerosis who presented with cutaneous necrosis at the injection sites of interferon-β. Biopsy of the necrotic lesion showed dermal vessel thrombosis and complete ischemic coagulative necrosis of epidermis and dermis.
Biopsy ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Humans ; Interferon-beta* ; Interferons ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Necrosis* ; Skin* ; Thrombosis

Blood pressures and heart rates were recorded with Twin-Viso (Sanborn, USA) for comparative estimations of cardiovascular responses by injection of intravenous anesthetic agents-2.5% solution of Pentothal Sodium (Abbott Laboratory, USA) and Thiotal (Samsung Pharmaceutical Co., ROK) mongrel dogs. Dogs were evaluated the hepatic function by biochemical studies of blood such as total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, thymol turbidity test, alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGOT). Liver biopsies were performed in dogs for identifications of hepatic darnages by injection of the above barbiturates, The following results were observed: 1) It was observed the remarkable negative inotropic effect in myocardium of the mongrel dogs intravenously injected with 20 mg/kg of the above barbiturates for three minutes (Table 7, Fig. 8) 2) It was noted slight negative inotropic effect in mongrel dogs intravenously injected with 10 mg/ kg of the above barbiturates for thirty seconds (Table 8, Fig. 8). 3) It was more shorter recovery time from negative inotropic effects in mongrel dogs injected with Thiotal than in the dogs injected with Pentothal Sodium. 4) It was noted no significant changes in pathological studies of Hematoxylin-Eosin stained liver specimen and liver function studies of the blood by biochemical analysis in mongrel dogs intravenously injected everyday with 10 mg/kg of the above barbiturates. 5) It was noted slight changes in mongrel dogs injected with 20 mg/kg of the above barbiturates on TTT, Alkaline Phosphatase, SGOT and SGPT as biochemical analysis in comparing with controI values. These values, however, were not concided with the pathological findings of HematoxyIin-Eosin stained liver biopsy specimen. The facts explain to be inquired into further investigations in the pathological and biochemical aspect.
Alanine Transaminase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Barbiturates ; Bilirubin ; Biopsy ; Dogs ; Heart Rate ; Liver ; Myocardium ; Sodium ; Thiopental* ; Thymol

Femoral arterial blood had been analyzed for pCO2 and pH by Astrup technique in 10 comatose patients with respiratory insufficiency due to acute drug intoxication, all of whom eventually recovered. It was found that blood gas analysis did not always surpass clinical judgement as to the efficiency of mechanical ventilation. The readers are reminded of the difference between in vitro and in vivo CO2 titration curves of human blood in acute respiratory acidosis.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Coma ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Respiratory Insufficiency*

One hundred patients, scheduled to receive operations under spinal anesthesia with tetracaine, were premedicated with haloperidol (Serenace, 0. 08mg/kg I.M.) or diasepam (0.3mg/hg LM.) and evaluated for effects of these premedicants in Seoul National University Hoapital. The results were as follows: 1) Haloperidol was superior to diaxepam in poetoperative antianxiety and analgesic effects. 2) Haloperidol and diasepam were equal in their antiemetic effects. 3) Both haloperidol (0. 04 mg/kg) and diaaepam (0. 1mg/kg) as an intravenous bolus were effective for sedation during operation. Patients given haIoperidol, however, were more cooperative to anesthesiologists and surgeons than were those given diazepam.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Antiemetics ; Clinical Study* ; Diazepam* ; Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Seoul ; Surgeons ; Tetracaine

OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND: In head and neck cancer including hypopharyngeal carcinoma, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil usually have been used as neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic agents. We investigated the difference in the influences of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the p53 protein expression and cell responses (cell cycle arrest and apoptosis) in the hypopharyngeal cell line (PHUH-12). METHOD: PNUH-12 with a mutant type p53 (one point mutation at the 78th base, C to G, in exon 7) was treated with cisplatin and 5-FU. Changes in the cell line were assessed by MTT assay, Western blotting (p53 and p21 protein), DNA fragmentation, PI stain, and DNA flow cytometry. RESULTS: The p53 protein expression was increased after the treatment with cisplatin and 5-FU. The expression of p21 protein was increased after the treatment with 5-FU, not cisplatin. With cisplatin, we observed apoptosis by DNA fragmentation and PI stain and the increased S phase on DNA flow cytometry. But, with 5-FU, we couldn't observe apoptosis by DNA fragmentation, PI, and flow cytometry and only the increased G1 phase on DNA flow cytometry. CONCLUSION: In hypopharyngeal cell line (PNUH-12), cisplatin induced p53 dependent apoptosis and 5-FU induced p53 and p21 dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, but not apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Line ; Cisplatin* ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Exons ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorouracil* ; G1 Phase ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Point Mutation ; S Phase

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the protein/creatinine ratio of a spot urine specimen for early detection of proteinuria in the pregnancy induced hypertension and to suggest optimum cut-off value of that. STUDY DESIGN: A spot urine specimen and 24 hour urine collection for the proteinuria were ordered for 36 women admitted to obstetric unit for pregnancy induced hypertension and ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the usefulness of the protein/creatinine ratio of a spot urine specimen and to suggest optimum cut-off value. RESULT: The protein/creatinine ratio of spot urine positively correlated well with 24 hour urine proteinuria. (r=0.4322, p=0.0085) and the optimum cut-off value of the protein/creatinine ratio of a spot urine specimen to maximize the diagnostic accuracy was 5.0(Youden's index=0.66). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the protein / creatinine raio of a spot urine specimen may be a simple and inexpensive method for evaluation of proteinuria in the pregnancy induced hypertension when frequent determinations are necessary. This should improve clinical care, especially when managing hypertensive pregnant women as outpatients.
Creatinine* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Proteinuria ; ROC Curve ; Urine Specimen Collection