No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris* ; Pityriasis*

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the metacognition rating scale (MCRS), which is a revised version of the existing metacognition questionnaire (MCQ) with anger and anxiety added. Methods: A survey was conducted on 591 nursing students at colleges in North and South Gyeongsang Provinces, South Korea. The collected data were processed for the reliability and validity of the MCRS through Cronbach’s ⍺ and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 26.0. Results: Cronbach’s ⍺ for the reliability of MCRS was calculated at .88, .86, .77, .74, and .66 for five subfactors. Among the five subfactors, the first, second, third, and fifth factors showed high correlation in each of six items. Factor 4 was highly correlated in 5 out of 6 questions. Conclusion The data confirm that the MCQ revised to include anger and anxiety is both reliable and valid for nursing students. Therefore, this scale can be used to identify the maladaptive metacognition of nursing students in stressful situations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the metacognition rating scale (MCRS), which is a revised version of the existing metacognition questionnaire (MCQ) with anger and anxiety added. Methods: A survey was conducted on 591 nursing students at colleges in North and South Gyeongsang Provinces, South Korea. The collected data were processed for the reliability and validity of the MCRS through Cronbach’s ⍺ and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS 26.0. Results: Cronbach’s ⍺ for the reliability of MCRS was calculated at .88, .86, .77, .74, and .66 for five subfactors. Among the five subfactors, the first, second, third, and fifth factors showed high correlation in each of six items. Factor 4 was highly correlated in 5 out of 6 questions. Conclusion The data confirm that the MCQ revised to include anger and anxiety is both reliable and valid for nursing students. Therefore, this scale can be used to identify the maladaptive metacognition of nursing students in stressful situations.

Background and Objectives: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic pain disorder involving a burning sensation of the oral cavity without any identifiable oral lesion. According to the recent studies, the pathogenesis of BMS is presumed to be caused by a neuropathic condition. Gabapentin and pregabalin have been used for various neuropathic pains, but pregabalin has several pharmacokinetic advantages over gabapentin. To our best knowledge, there are no recent studies reported on the administration of pregabalin in treating BMS in Korea. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of pregabalin in treating BMS.Subjects and Method We chose as candidates 33 patients diagnosed as BMS and took pregabalin for more than four weeks. Pregabalin was administered at 75 mg once a day for 2 to 4 weeks at first, and then the dose was modified depending on whether or not symptoms improved. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated in the way that the patients subjectively answered whether or not symptoms were improved. Results: A total of 21 (63.6%) out of 33 patients were responsive to the treatment. Among those, at the last follow-up, 8 patients (38.1%) showed slight improvement, and 13 patients (61.9%) showed mostly improvement or disappearance of symptoms. The average time interval from starting pregabalin to the first symptom improvement was 50.1 days, and most patients showed symptom improvement within 8 weeks. Conclusion This study concludes that pregabalin can be added as a meaningful option in the treatment of BMS. The additional double-blind clinical study should be followed to further prove the effectiveness of pregabalin.

Eosinophilic otitis media is characterized by highly viscous middle ear effusion and associated with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is difficult to treat with conventional therapy such as corticosteroid and ventilation tube insertion. We have encountered a 58-year-old patient with refractory eosinophilic otitis media who was successfully treated with dupilumab.

Eosinophilic otitis media is characterized by highly viscous middle ear effusion and associated with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is difficult to treat with conventional therapy such as corticosteroid and ventilation tube insertion. We have encountered a 58-year-old patient with refractory eosinophilic otitis media who was successfully treated with dupilumab.

Eosinophilic otitis media is characterized by highly viscous middle ear effusion and associated with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is difficult to treat with conventional therapy such as corticosteroid and ventilation tube insertion. We have encountered a 58-year-old patient with refractory eosinophilic otitis media who was successfully treated with dupilumab.

Eosinophilic otitis media is characterized by highly viscous middle ear effusion and associated with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is difficult to treat with conventional therapy such as corticosteroid and ventilation tube insertion. We have encountered a 58-year-old patient with refractory eosinophilic otitis media who was successfully treated with dupilumab.

Eosinophilic otitis media is characterized by highly viscous middle ear effusion and associated with bronchial asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is difficult to treat with conventional therapy such as corticosteroid and ventilation tube insertion. We have encountered a 58-year-old patient with refractory eosinophilic otitis media who was successfully treated with dupilumab.

Extramedullary relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia is rare and has been reported in 3%- 5% of patients. Relapse in the external auditory canal and the temporal bone is even more uncommon and scarcely reported. We encountered a 69-year-old male who complained about right ear pain and hearing loss. The patient had extramedullary relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia in the right external auditory canal and in the temporal bone.