The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 5 weeks self-help management program on reducing depression, promoting Activity of Daily Livings(ADLs), Instrumental Activity of Daily Livings(IADLs), grasping power, hope and self-efficacy for post stroke patients visiting public health care centers in Seoul. This was pre-experimental study, and the subjects were 27 post stroke hemiplegic patients. This self-help management program was composed of five sessions and each session had health education on stroke, ROM exercise and recreation. Data were collected from May to November, 2000, and all subjects were asked to complete the Questionnaires, be measured vital signs and grasping power. Data were analyzed with frequency, percent, paired t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SAS( version 6.12) program. The results were as follows: 1) The score of ADLs was increased from 27.04 to 28.22 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .005). 2) The score of IADLs was increased from 18.70 to 19.78 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .004) 3) The grasping power of right hand was increased from 21.87kg to 26.93kg after program, and that was statistically significant (p = .002). But the grasping power of left hand were statistically insignificant (p = .919). 4) The score of depression was decreased from 39.63 to 35.30 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .030). 5) The scores of hope was increased from 30.89 to 34.15 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .002). 6) The score of self-efficacy was increased from 67.70 to 76.37 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .000). According to the results of this study, the scores of Activity of Daily Livings (ADLs). Instrumental Activity of Daily Livings (IADLs). hope, and self-efficacy and the grasping power were improved and depression was reduced for post stroke patients participating in self-help management program. Therefore we recommend to use self-help management programs as a nursing intervention for the post stroke patients.
Activities of Daily Living ; Depression* ; Hand ; Hand Strength* ; Health Education ; Hope* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Public Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recreation ; Seoul ; Stroke ; Vital Signs

Purpose: : This study aimed to present the incidence of pressure ulcers and identify different associated factors according to the time of occurrence of pressure ulcers in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: : The participants were 313 patients who reported pressure ulcers among 2,908 patients in ICUs at a large tertiary hospital in Gyeonggi-do. Among them, 220 patients (70.3%) had a pressure ulcer before admission, and 93 patients (29.7%) reported newly developed pressure ulcers after admission to the ICU. Data were collected between August 2018 and April 2019. Along with the time of occurrence and characteristics of pressure ulcers, diverse associated factors were gathered through electronic medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and χ2-tests. Results: : Different risk factors associated with pressure ulcers in ICU patients according to the time of occurrence were main diagnosis, score of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, score of Richmond agitation sedation scale, level of consciousness, administered sedatives, use of a ventilator, insertion of a feeding tube, and the duration of fasting period. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, healthcare providers, especially ICU nurses, should try to detect early signs and symptoms of pressure ulcers, taking into account the derived factors associated with pressure ulcers in ICU patients. Practical intervention programs and strategies considering the factors associated with pressure ulcers must be developed to prevent and alleviate such ulcers in ICU patients in the future.