No abstract available.
Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Intestinal atresia is a well-recognized cause of bowel obstruction in the newborn. The management of neonates with intestinal atresia has improved in recent decades due to refinements in neonatal intensive care, operative techniques, use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and neonatal anesthesia. More recently, the survival rate has risen rapidly up to 90%. METHODS: Twenty-five (25) cases of intestinal atresia were encountered at Kwangju-Christian Hospital between January 1985 and December 1998. We reviewed sex, gestational age, body weight, clinical manifestations, associated ano malies, causes, interval to operation, preoperative complications, operative methods, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: Sites involved were the duodenum (n=10; 40%), the jejunum (n=5; 20%), and the ileum (n=10; 40%). The sex distribution was male predominant (1.8:1). The overall survival rate in our hospital was 76%. CONCLUSION: Refinements in neonatal intensive care and perioperative management were important in decreasing postoperative mortality.
Anesthesia ; Body Weight ; Duodenum ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Ileum ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Intestinal Atresia* ; Jejunum ; Male ; Mali ; Mortality ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Postoperative Complications ; Sex Distribution ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the effect of stem cell transplantation into the sub-retinal space in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients for improving their visual acuity. RP is a progressive hereditary disease that leads to the blindness, and there is no reliable treatment for recover the disease until now. METHODS: The author transplanted mesenchymal stem cell extracted from umbilical cord blood into the sub-retina of four RP patients recommended by Korea RP association, and checked the changes of their visual acuity and electroretinograms. RESULTS: There was no obvious improvement in their visual acuity and elecroretinograms compared with preoperative state. Two patients, however, experienced slight improvements of their color sense and peripheral visual fields, and slight decrease of photophobia. Although there were no any obvious complications in relation to the stem cell transplantation, surgical procedures developed complications such as vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: Mesenchymal stem cell derived from umbilical cord blood could not improve visual acuity and electroretinogram of RP patients.
Blindness ; Fetal Blood ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Humans ; Korea ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Photophobia ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinitis Pigmentosa* ; Retinitis* ; Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Stem Cells* ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Fields ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic disease with the risks of secondary cardiovascular or metabolic diseases. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first line treatment for OSA, but patients who fail the treatment with CPAP or other conservative treatment, should be considered for surgery. The early target of sleep surgery was the oropharynx by tonsils, uvula, and soft palate. However, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of OSA and improvement of diagnostic methods has revealed multi-level obstruction in the upper airway. The base of tongue is one of major contributors to OSA and many surgical methods have been developed to resolve the compromise of retroglossal area. Careful examinations of obstruction site and its structured approach to surgery with less morbidity should be evaluated and understood for the better outcome by sleep surgery.
Chronic Disease ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Glossectomy ; Humans ; Metabolic Diseases ; Oropharynx ; Palate, Soft ; Palatine Tonsil ; Robotics ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Tongue ; Uvula

BACKGROUND: Fanconi's anemia(FA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by aplastic anemia and congenital malformations. As up to 30% of patients have no physical stigmata, the modern diagnosis of FA rests on chromosomal breakage of patient's cells induced by chemical clastogens such as diepoxybutane(DEB) or mitomycin-C(MMC). METHODS: We reviewed the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, diagnostic methods, treatment and outcome of 6 patients diagnosed to have a FA at the Chonnam University Hospital for the last 6 years. RESULTS: Six cases(16.2 %) were found to have FA among 37 aplastic children who were diagnosed during the same period. The mean age at diagnosis was 6.3 years which was the usual onset of hematologic findings. All patients had features of aplastic anemia, and had one or more anomalies, such as low birth weight, hyperpigmentation, cafeau-lait spots, mental retardation, developmental delay, peculiar face(broad nasal bases, epicanthal folds, micrognathia), polydactyly, microcephaly, short stature, and dislocation of hip. We found increased breaks in cultured cells with DEB and MMC in 5 cases tested. The median duration of follow-up was 30 months. Oxymetholone and prednisolone treatment was partially beneficial in three cases. Immunosuppressive treatment with ALG/ATG was not successful in two cases tried. Four cases are living now, without transfusion in three. Two patients were died of disseminated fungal infection and transplant-related problems, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Fanconi's anemia should be sought carefully in any patients with aplastic anemia because the prognosis, treatment modality, and the approach to bone marrow transplantation are quite different when the hematologic disorder is inherited rather than acquired.
Anemia, Aplastic ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Christianity ; Chromosome Breakage ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Fanconi Anemia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intellectual Disability ; Jeollanam-do ; Microcephaly ; Mitomycin ; Mutagens ; Oxymetholone ; Polydactyly ; Prednisolone ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: To obtain the normal standard of the electrocardiogram(ECG) in newborn infants, METHODS: Standard 12-lead ECG recordings of 146 healthy neonates of gestational age above 30 weeks recorded in 24 hours after birth were analyzed for the following parameters: heart rate, QRS axis, PR interval, QTc interval, R and S wave amplitude. RESULTS: The mean gestational age of preterm(between 30 and 37 weeks) and term infants was 33.2 +/-2.4 and 38.4+/-3.2 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 2,168+/-371 g and 3,254+/-436 g, respectively. There was no meaningful difference between two groups in heart rate, PR interval, QTc interval, and QRS axis. Amplitudes of R waves in V1>-V6 leads and S waves in V2, V3 and V5 leads in term baby group were significantly larger than those in preterm baby group. The sum of amplitudes of R and S waves was largest in V2. The amplitude of combined R+S waves in V2 and V3 leads was significantly larger than that in V5 and V6 leads in both groups. This difference was more prominent in tbaby group. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the increase in cardiac muscular mass and progressive right ventricular predominance are in accordance with the increase in gestational age.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Birth Weight ; Electrocardiography* ; Gestational Age ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition

Anal gland/duct cyst (AGC) is rare and observed in only 0.05% of patients undergoing anal surgery. AGC is thought to be a retention cyst in the anal gland and arises when an obstruction of the anal duct causes fluid collection in the anal gland. We report a case of AGC in a 66-year-old woman without anal symptoms. Found by colonoscopy, the AGC was excised transanally. The histopathology of the specimen confirmed AGC. Colonoscopists should include AGC in the differential diagnosis of anal canal mass and rule out of malignancy. Excision is recommended for definitive diagnosis and treatment.

PURPOSE:We investigated the production of oxygen hydroxyl radicals in the striatum of neonatal rat brain after intrastriatal injection of dopamine (DA) and the effect of growth hormone (GH) on the apoptosis of striatal neurons injured by hypoxia-ischemia. METHODS:The extracellular striatal levels of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) and 2,5-DHBA as indicators of hydroxyl radical(OH-) production were measured by in vivo microdialysis in the striatums of 7 day-old newborn rats (n=10) after direct intrastriatal infusion of dopamine hydrochloride (1.0 micromol/microL). The samples of perfused artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected every 10 minutes interval. The levels of DA, 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA of CSF were analysed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). Also, the brains were removed at 24 hour after hypoxic-ischemic injury by Rice-Vannucci method. The coronal sections (12 micrometer) of paraffin-fixed brains were stained by TUNEL (terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labelling) technique, and the neuronal cells undergoing apoptosis in the striatum were observed by fluorescent microscopy and compared between GH-treated (50 mg/kg, Dong-Ah Pharmacy Co.) and saline-treated rats. RESULTS:The extracellualr striatal levels of 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA increased abruptly in the first 10 minutes samples after intrastriatal injection of DA. After then, the levels declined slowely. The levels of striatal extracelluar 2.3-DHBA increased up to 621.8+/-508.7% of basal levels (P<0.05), and the levels of 2.5-DHBA increased up to 262.8+/-198.1% of basal levels (P<0.05). GH reduced markedly the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in the striatum after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. CONCLUSION: The level of hydroxyl radicals increased abruptly after intrastriatal injection of DA and GH reduced markedly the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in the striatum after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Brain Injuries ; Brain* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dopamine* ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Hydroxyl Radical* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Infant, Newborn* ; Microdialysis ; Microscopy ; Neurons* ; Oxygen ; Pharmacy ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant, Newborn* ; Lactoglobulins ; Milk Proteins* ; Milk* ; Mothers* ; Postpartum Period*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the optimal loading conditions for pure intrusion of the six maxillary anterior teeth with miniscrews according to alveolar bone loss. METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model was created for a segment of the six anterior teeth, and the positions of the miniscrews and hooks were varied after setting the alveolar bone loss to 0, 2, or 4 mm. Under 100 g of intrusive force, initial displacement of the individual teeth in three directions and the degree of labial tilting were measured. RESULTS: The degree of labial tilting increased with reduced alveolar bone height under the same load. When a miniscrew was inserted between the two central incisors, the amounts of medial-lateral and anterior-posterior displacement of the central incisor were significantly greater than in the other conditions. When the miniscrews were inserted distally to the canines and an intrusion force was applied distal to the lateral incisors, the degree of labial tilting and the amounts of displacement of the six anterior teeth were the lowest, and the maximum von Mises stress was distributed evenly across all the teeth, regardless of the bone loss. CONCLUSIONS: Initial tooth displacement similar to pure intrusion of the six maxillary anterior teeth was induced when miniscrews were inserted distal to the maxillary canines and an intrusion force was applied distal to the lateral incisors. In this condition, the maximum von Mises stresses were relatively evenly distributed across all the teeth, regardless of the bone loss.
Alveolar Bone Loss* ; Finite Element Analysis* ; Incisor ; Tooth*