Following the Korean War, the presence of foreign troops in Korea and lowered. sexual morality caused an increase in the rate of prostitution and related venereal diseases. Though the health authorities made efforts to handle these problems, they didnt obtain any noticeable results, because they neglected the scientific prevention and treatment based on expert knowledge, and the sociopsychological problem, which was the basic cause of the increment in the rate of prostitution. They only took administrative action against the prostitutes. Therefore, in July, 1976, we went to a town(named Silver Town) located on the outskirts of a U.S. Air Force base, and, examined and guestioned a number of prostitutes. Each of the 288 subjects residing in the town was given a questionaire that dealt with individual living attitudes, family and social background, and sociopsychological aspects of tbeir lifestyle. Questionaires were completed anonymously. Serological tests for syphilis, the UDRL and TPHA, were also administered. The results of our atudy are as follows. 1) Most of the prostitutes had grown up in large families, in which females were predominant. Because of economic difficulties they dropped out of school a.t an early age and became prostitutes. The average age of a prostitute at the time of her first sexual experience was 19. 9 years, the expriences usually taking place with her first boyfriend. Forty six psrcent of tbe subjects had intercourse for the first time between the ages of 15 and 19. Fortynine & two tenths percent of them because prostitutes within one year of their initial sexual act, and all of them at an average interval of 2.5 years following the first sexual experience, the average age being 22. 4 years. 2) The longer the women had worked as prostitutes, the more they felt dissatisfied with their work, and the more they desired to change to an occupation which was healthier and entailed more self-respect. 3) Out of 283 subjects, 39% had a history of venereal disease, predominantly of gonorrhea. Tbe results of the STS administered to all subjects were,; VDRL 7.7% positive and TPHA 6% positive. It was also concluded that the subjects had no educational or working knowledge of venereal diseases.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Female ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Korea ; Korean War ; Life Style ; Morals ; Occupations ; Prostitution ; Serologic Tests ; Sex Workers* ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Silver ; Syphilis*

A fifty-seven-year-old, faers wife, was affected a skin lesion of dark pigme raised, crusted ulerated, easy to bleed on touching the crust and indurated ur with mood consistancy, and the tumor was located over the inner is of left eye, which was alike to malignant melanoma clinically. The tumor 1-shaped and measure 1.;. m x l. 7cm in diameter, which did not make any itchy sensation. d with small papule about 8 years ago which zdually increased. in siiarate3 with ocsional ble 3ing. Her skin lesion was treateQ with curretation and electrodessication or surgical removement by loca.l practitioner, however, it recured after the each treatments. In this hospital, the peeived the skin biopsy of the tumor and the diagnosis was established as cell car.cinoma histopathologically, and the tumor was removed by ical technique applying transposition skin flap from the infra-orbitale face, and the result was satisfactory without "mcurence until upto bservation (for three years and three months). On the conclusion, ad a case of Solid pigmented basal cell carcin- oma resernbling maligna. with histopathological study and treated with plastic surgical management very satisfying result.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Sensation ; Skin ; Spouses

Observations were made by viewing 563 syphilics that were diagnos d and treated in the Department of Dermatology at Chon-nam University Hospital, for ten con- secutive years(1968 1977). During this ten-year period, the average percent of syphilitic cases seen was l. 72 of the yearly total outpatients. The yearly number of patients seen during this study period showed no consistent pattern of increase, however, there were particularly large numbers of patients seen in the last few years of the study, this indicating an increase in the trend of syphilis in our area. The large number of latent syphilitic cases (56. 3Y) seen, paticularly in the early latent stage, was reflected in total numbers as being of the greatest percentile And the ratio of early latent cases to primary and secondary cases averaged out to 1. 1: l during the ten-year period In 23. 2 percent of 190 women of child bearing age, pregnancies were terminated ly abortion or stillbirth. Of all cases, 9. 9 percent had other STDs in which the most frequent was scabies. As a follow up only 85 patients (15. 1Pl) underwent serial quantitative evaluation for 12 months or more, 6 of these patients (7M) were identified as serorelapse cases who should be retreated.
Child ; Dermatology ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Pregnancy ; Scabies ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Stillbirth ; Syphilis*

No abstract available.

Observations of 50 sporotrichosis patients, who were confirmed by dinical, histopathological and mycological examination, were made in the department of Dermatology at Chon-nam University Hospital for the twelve year period from 1967 to 1978. The results obtained were as follows; 1. During this period, out of a total of 39, 594 outpatients, there were 50 cases of sporotrichosis for an average of 0. 13 percent. The highest incidence was in 1970 with 7 cases, however, there was no period with a particularly marked increase in the occurrence of the disease. 2. Half of all the cases occurred in the third and fourth decades of life. The male to female ratio was 2. 3:1. 3. Occupationally, the greatest percent were farmers, 36 cases(72%), and the next highest, unemployed. 4. In Kwang-ju an.d surrounding 6 counties, there were 25 cases which were widely scattered thraughout Chonnam province and the southern tip of Chonbuk province. 5. The initial lesion appeared on the upper extremities in 39 cases, particularly the right hand, and the lower extremities in 9 cases. 6. Of the total patients, there were 24 cases(48%) with a history of trauma before the onset of the disease. Of those cases, the disease appeared between I and 2 weeks. after trauma in 10 cases(41.7%) and between 2 and 3 weeks in 8 cases(33.3%). 7. The duration of the skin lesions before initial examination was 2 months in 12 cases(24%) and 3 months in 14 cases(28%). 8. Forty six percent of the total cases visited our department in spring, showing a higher incidence than any other season. The highest monthly incidence was in May, when there were 13 cases. 9, Of the total, 42 cases(84%) were cutaneous lymphatic type, while 8 cases(16%), localized cutaneous type.
Dermatology ; Female ; Gwangju ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Jeollanam-do ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Occupations ; Outpatients ; Seasons ; Skin ; Sporotrichosis* ; Upper Extremity

Psoriasis has been known to have various humoral and cellular immune abnormalities. And adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities are known to be decreased in immune deficiency diseases. The present study was designed to measure the activities of ADA in sera and erythrocytes of psoriasis patients by Giustiss method. There were no significant differences in the erythrocytes ADA activities between normal subjects (9, Gp+4 43 units/10 cells) and psoriasis patients (7, 29+3. 64 units /10 cells). The ADA activities in sera of the psoriasis patients (13. 15+3. 43 units/ L) showed lowered activities than those of normal subjects (20. 44-2, 07 units/L).
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Deficiency Diseases ; Erythrocytes* ; Humans ; Psoriasis*

The hair growth of the scalp is influenced by many systemic and local factors. So the study of standard hair growth rate is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of some pathological conditions. That study has not been done well in Korea. The present study was to establish the standard hair growth rate of the scalp of healthy Koreans at different ages. The investigations were carried out on 509 individuals of both sexes whose ages ranged between 2 and 69 years. The subjects were grouped according to 5 age periods. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean value of the daily scalp hair growth rate was 0.401+ 0.037mm. 2. The daily hair growth rate of each groups were as follows: under 10 years of age; 0.367+0.032mm, in the teenagers; 0.419,+0. 032mm, in the twenties0.398+0.037mm, in the thirties and fourties; 0.394+0.034mm, above 50 years of age 0.386+029mm. 3. Sex differences of each age groups in the scalp hair growth were not statistically significant.
Adolescent ; Diagnosis ; Hair* ; Humans ; Korea ; Scalp ; Sex Characteristics

Objectives: ：Zolpidem is a common drug used in insomnia. However, there are several reports of side effects of the central nervous system or sleep related behavior in patients who took zolpidem. This study was conducted to investigate risk factors affecting sleep related behavior after taking zolpidem in inpatients. Methods: ：From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, medical records of patients who took zolpidem hospitalized at Inha University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results: ：907 patients who took Zolpidem, 102 (11.2%) showed sleep related behavior, and if they were 65years of age or older, men, taking antipsychotics, and taking antipsychotics and benzodiazepines at the same time, they were significantly more likely to show sleep related behavior. Conclusions ：Risk factors for sleep-related behavior after use of zolpidem are estimated gender, elderly, antipsychotics, and combination of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines.

Neuroinflammation is an immune response within the central nervous system against various proinflammatory stimuli. Abnormal activation of this response contributes to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington disease. Therefore, pharmacologic modulation of abnormal neuroinflammation is thought to be a promising approach to amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated the synthetic flavone derivative 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone, investigating its anti-neuroinflammatory activity in BV2 microglial cells and in a mouse model. In BV2 microglial cells, 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone successfully inhibited production of chemokines such as nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6 in BV2 microglia. It also inhibited phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. This indicates that the anti-inflammatory activities of 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone might be related to suppression of the proinflammatory MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Similar anti-neuroinflammatory activities of the compound were observed in the mouse model. These findings suggest that 3′,4′-dihydroxyflavone is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of microglia-related neuroinflammatory diseases.
Animals ; Central Nervous System ; Chemokines ; Cytokines ; Dinoprostone ; Huntington Disease ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ; Mice* ; Microglia* ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Nitric Oxide ; Parkinson Disease ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the factors that can influence the severity of insomnia in the general population. We also aimed to examine whether sleep effort mediates the association between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep or the discrepancy between desired time in bed and desired total sleep time (DBST) and insomnia severity in individuals. Methods: A total of 387 participants enrolled in this e-survey study. The symptoms were rated using the insomnia severity index (ISI), Patients Health Questionnaire-9 items, Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep-2 items, Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale, and Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items. In addition, we defined a new sleep index named the DBST index. A linear regression analysis was performed to explore the factors predicting ISI scores, and mediation analysis was implemented to explore whether persistent preoccupation with sleep mediated the influence of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and DBST on insomnia severity. Results: A linear regression analysis investigated depression (β=0.17, p<0.001), sleep effort (β=0.50, p<0.001), dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (β=0.13, p=0.001), and DBST (β=0.09, p=0.014) (adjusted R2=0.50, F=65.7, p<0.001). Additionally, we observed that persistent preoccupation with sleep partially mediated the influence of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and DBST on insomnia severity. Conclusion Depression, preoccupation with sleep, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and DBST influenced the insomnia severity of the general population. We also observed that a persistent preoccupation with sleep partially mediated the influence of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and the DBST index on insomnia severity.