BACKGROUND: Antibiotic therapy has proven an effective method of treatment on the majority of patients with pyogenic lung abscess and infected bulla. When medical therapy has failed, pulmonary resection is the current generally recommended therapy. But nowdays complications of percutaneous tube drainage has decreased with the use of small catheter. So we evaluated the effect of percutaneous tube drainage as an alternative therapy to the pyogenic lung abscess and infected bulls refractory to medical therapy in preference of the pulmonary resection. METHOD: Nine cases of the lung abscess and three cases of infected bulls which has large cavity size over 6cm, and has underlying diseases such as lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, refractory to over 1 week of antibiotics, were performed percutaneous tube drainage with All Purpose Drainage catheter(Medi-tech, Watertown, USA) under fluoroscopy. RESULTS: All the cases except one case which complicated empyema was improved clinically. Fever was down within 4days of percutaneous tube drainage(mean : 1.9days). Mean duration of tube drainage was 9.9days. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous tube drainage is an effective and relatively safe procedure in the management of lung abscesses that do not response to medical therapy We speculate this procedure should be considered as an alternative therapy for the lung abscess refractory to medical therapy in preference to the surgery. The safety and effectiveness of this procedure in infected bulla should be evaluated with an additional study.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drainage* ; Empyema ; Fever ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung*

Diver's bone lesion was described for the first time by Grutzmacher in 1941. Ten cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in divers were analysed on the basis of clinical and pathologic feature. The pathologic feature of the osteonecrosis in divers was not reported in Korea previously. The cases were observed from March, 1985 to June, 1988. The authors treated the cases with total hip replacement and obtained good results. The results were as follows:1. The average ate age at the time of operation was 41.5 years. 2. The average follow-up was 20.4 months. 3. The specimens were confirmed as osteonecrosis mieroscopically. 4. By Meyer's modification of Marcus and Enneking classification the average stage was 3.7. 5. Divers bone lesion was increased with the length of diving experiences:diving depth, diving time, age and with bends. 6. The pathologic feature of osteonecrosis in divers differ from that of idiopathic avascular or aseptic osteonecrosis and could be differentiated easily. 7. After total hip replacement, according to Harris hip rading score system, all results were good.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Decompression Sickness ; Diving ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Korea ; Osteonecrosis

Fracture of distal one third of tibia is prone to develop angular deformity during weight bearing and delayed union by inadequate immobilization. Most surgeons have performed internal fixation with plate and screws or interlocking Kuentscher nail to provide stability to the fractured tibia. When open reduction and internal fixation is carried out, the periosteum and muscular attachments must be stripped off. And in interlocking Kuentschernailing extraoperative time needed to insert distal screw, and the medullary reaming destroys nutrient circulation by which fracture healing is hindered. However, flexible Ender nailing is a simple procedure which does not necessitate reaming, and also does not disrupt or strip off soft tissues at the fracture site. Authors carried out Ender nailing in 16 patients having distal tibial fractures who were treated at the Orthopaedic Department, Kang-Nam St. Mary's Hospital from February, 1985 to December, 1988. The results are as follows: 1. The radiological union was obtained at 13.3 weeks after operation, and primary healing was taken place. 2. Fractures could be securely fixed by intramedullary Ender nailing. 3. Mild angulation developed in 3 cases, but it did not affect the results. Through the results Ender nailing is proven to be an effective, reliable, and safe method in treatment of fracture of the distal one third of tibia with minimum residua and complication, and brings the natural fracture healing.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Periosteum ; Surgeons ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures ; Weight-Bearing

Malignant lymphoma is mainly found in lymphnodes but extralymphatic organs may be rarely involved. Malignant lymphoma of the orbit is relatively rare representing less than 1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All lymphoid tumors of the orbit are radiosensitive and are mainly treated wiht curative intent by irradiation. We report a case of orbital malignant lymphoma in a 41-year-old male patient. He received radiation therapy and subsequent enucleation and till now is clinically free of the disease.
Adult ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Male ; Orbit* ; Radiotherapy*

We analysed clinically 354 glaucomatous patients from 1983 to 1987 who visited the clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology of National Medical Center. The results were as follows: 1) The prevalence of glaucoma was 1.56% among the out-patients. 2) The primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) was the most frequent type. 3) The mean age of the patients with POAG was 47.8 +/- 14.2 years and 60.8 +/- 8.9 years was that of the patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG). 4) There was no sexual preference in various types of glacoma, except PACG and secondary glaucoma. 5) There was no significant difference in laterality between right and left eyes.
Glaucoma ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Outpatients ; Prevalence

No abstract available.
Animals ; Flowmeters* ; Magnets* ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Penile Erection* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Clomipramine* ; Preoptic Area* ; Rats* ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors* ; Serotonin*

OBJECTIVE: In case of the anterior communicating artery(A-com A) aneurysm surgery with pterional approach, complete identification of A-com A complex(H-complex) has been thought to be important and influence the clinical results. The authors present a retrospetive analysis to determine the significance of identification of H-complex in A-com A surgery. METHODS: We analysed 90 cases among 116 cases that were operated the A-com A aneurysm with pterional approach from June 1993 to May 1998. The cases were classified according to aneurysmal direction, size, and placement of A1-A2 junction by preoperative angiogram and intraoperative findings. RESULTS: Incomplete visualization of H-complex was influenced by the approach side to the anteriorly placed A1-A2 junction, larger than 11mm in aneurysmal size and superior or posterior direction of aneurysm. Postoperative outcome was influenced by Hunt-Hess grade, and seemed to be better when the approach was performed to side of the posteriorly placed A1-A2 junction with or without dominant A1, but aneurysmal direction was not concerned with postoperative outcome. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that in A-com A aneurysm surgery with pterional approach, careful evaluation of preoperative angiogram and approach to the side of the posteriorly placed A1-A2 junction lead to better outcome.
Aneurysm ; Intracranial Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes*

Current and primary treatment modality in overactive bladder includes the administration of anticholinergics. The demand for new agents has been rising since anticholinergics have proven to come with many side effects. This study was designed to investigate the effects of ylang-ylang essential oil (YYEO) on the relaxation of urinary bladder muscle in vitro and in vivo. Effects of YYEO were assessed on resting tension, and electrical field stimulation- and various drug-induced contraction in vitro by checking the isometric tension changes of muscle strips and same procedures were repeated in the presence of methylene blue, Nw-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), or N-ethylmaleimide, and in vivo. YYEO decreased significantly the contractility of strips. There was no statistically significant difference between the treated group only with YYEO and the pretreated group with YYEO and methylene blue or L-NAME. When N-ethylmaleimide was employed, there was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of contraction. In vivo studies showed the same results compared with in vitro study. The results of this study indicate that YYEO has a relaxing effect on the bladder, and such mechanism is thought to be brought about by a pathway mediated by c-AMP.
Animals ; *Annonaceae ; Bladder/*drug effects/physiology ; Bladder, Neurogenic/drug therapy ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; In Vitro ; Male ; Muscle Contraction/drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/drug effects/physiology ; Oils, Volatile/*pharmacology ; Plant Preparations/*pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley