Pancreatic hyperplastic nodules were experimentally produced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by single doses of intravenous injection of 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide(4-HAQO), 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg per 1kg of body weight. Every ten rats were sacrificed after 1 day, 1 week and monthly until 6 months. Within the first week, pancreatic acini and islets were severely affected with necrosis and the adjacent acinar cells underwent vacuolization. But, pancreatic ductules remained relatively unaffected. The degrees of acinar cell degeneration were proportionally increased as with the increased doses of 4-HAQO administration. The levels of blood glucose and serum amylase were closely corresponding to the light microscopic features of the pancreas. Two months after administration of 4-HAQO, the nongranular acinar cells started to proliferate and their proportion of total acinar cells was 35%, whereas that of control group was 15%, after 3 months the proportion of nongranular cells was decreased. After 6 months, multiple hyperplastic nodules were discovered within the pancreatic acini of all 12 rats, and the largest one measured 500 micro in diameter. Each hyperplastic nodule was uniformly composed of larger cells in two folds of normal cells with hyperchromatic muclei and prominent nucleoli together with a few zymogen granules in their cytoplasms. Ultrastructurally, the cells contained abundant dilated endoplasmic reticulum and markedly decreased zymogen granules. Nuclear heterochromatin became finely dispersed with loss of marginal clumping. During the regeneration process, admixture of islet cells with membrance-bounded granules was identified among the clusters of regenerating acinar cells. On the basis of above findings, the induction of hyperplastic nodules in rat pancreas by 4-HAQO was confirmed, and its histogenesis may reflect a nodular hyperplasia of non-granular acinar cells with potential progress as a neoplastic lesion. And the evidence of the hypothesis that the pancreatic exocrine cells and endocrine cells are in same origin, was presented.
Male ; Humans ; Rats ; Animals

During 10 years (from 1986 to 1995), 54 patients were diagnosed as maxillary cancer and undergone maxillectomy in department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital. We studied clinically about their age and sex distribution, TNM staging, histopathologic diagnoses, treatment modalities, overall survival rates, survival rates according to stages and treatment modalities. In them, 23 patients were delivered maxillary obturators, we also studied clinically about them and their obturators. The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rates of these maxillectomized patients were 59.0% and 55.0%. The 5-year survival rates of stage II and stage III patients was 63.0%, and that of stage IV patient was 50.0%. According to treatment modalities, The 5-year survival rates in cases of surgery only was 66.7%, in cases of preoperative chemotherapy and/or radiaiotherapy was 63.5%, in cases of postoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy was 50.4%. The 5-year survival rate of obturator delivered patients was 56.8%, and that of no-obturator delivered patients was 51.8%. The using rates of obturator were 70.5% at 1 year, 59.7% at 2 years, and 53.0% at 3 years.
Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Korea ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiotherapy ; Sex Distribution ; Surgery, Oral ; Survival Rate

Animals ; Cell Line ; Housing ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell

The head patient with musculoskeletal trauma is a challenge to the orthopedic surgeon and its incidence is increasing markedly with the development of modern culture and a high velocity motor vehicle. So, for the purpose of studying the difference between lower extremity fracture concomitant with head injury and only lower extremity fractured patients, we studied the radiologic bone union time, serologic test and heterotopic ossification. For the control group we analysed each 10 patients of only femur and tibia fractures. The following clinical results were obtained by analysis of 46 patients of lower extremity fracture concomitant with head injury, experienced in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine in past 5 years from Jan. 1980 to Dec. 1984. 1. The mean age was 24.5 yrs old (2~6 yrs old) and the prevalent age was 1st and 3rd decade, and the sex ratio between males and females was 2.8: l. 2. The most common mode of injury was auto-pedestrian injury (84.8%) and the other was falling down injury(15.2%) . 3. The common brain injuries were cetebral contusion with skull fracture (37.0%) and cerebral contusion only(34.8%) . Among 26 patients whos mental states were not alert, 23 patients recovered mental states completely. 4. Serum Calcium, Phosphate, and Alkaline Phosphatase level were no difference between the head injury with lower extremity fractured patients and only lower extremity fractured patients. 5. There were no evidence of early bony union in the patients with head injury. 6. The formation of callus were abundant in the patients of lower extremity fracture with head injury rather than the only lower extremity fractured patients. 7. The incidence of heterotopic ossification was 10.9% and all patients with heterotopic ossification were treated with physiotherapy and all patients recovered fully. 8. The incidence of complication was 17.3% and there was no fat embolic patients. In conclusion, there was no evidence of early bony union, but the callus formation was abundant in the patients of lower extremity fracture concomitant with head injury.
Accidental Falls ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bony Callus ; Brain Injuries ; Calcium ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Femur ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Orthopedics ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Serologic Tests ; Sex Ratio ; Skull Fractures ; Tibia

Crohn's disease is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory process which most commonly involves the terminal ileum, but which can affect any region of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. When Crohn's disease does involve the upper gastrointestinal tract, there is nearly always concomitant disease in the small bowel or colon. However isolated gastric Crohn's disease is a rare entity, and gastroduodenal involvement in Crohn's disease has been considered unusual, having an incidence of 1.5 to 7.0%. Gastric Crohn's disease usually localizes to antrum of the stomach and or the pyloroduodenal junction. No single feature is pathognomonic of Crohn' disease, and the diagnosis is based on supportive clinical, radiographic, endoscopic, and pathologic findings. Crohn's disease is invariably a diagnosis of exclusion, so infectious, neoplastic, ischemic, infiltrative, and other inflammatory processes must be ruled out. Usually a patient with isolated Crohn's disease of the stomach will have the clinical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, and there will be radiographic evidence of a small contracted stomach (or occasionally, a huge dilated stomach). The treatment of stomach Crohn's disease is palliative and symptomatic. In this paper, we describe a patient with Crohn's disease who had diffuse involvement of the entire stomach without any evidence of involvement elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract.
Anal Canal ; Colon ; Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Ileum ; Incidence ; Mouth ; Nausea ; Stomach* ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; Vomiting

Femoral neck fracture has given marked attention to the orthopaedic surgeon due to complications, such as avascular necrosis of femoral head, non-union and degenerative arthritis, moveover common in older age group since early part of the 20th century. It is one of disabling and unsolved problems, so various techniques and implants were introduced and applied. Percutaneous Knowles pinning is one of simple, safe and reasonably effective method in treating femoral neck fracture, provided it is performed correctly. Nineteen cases of femoral neck fracture treated with precutaneous Knowles pinning at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Medical Center were analyzed and following result were obtained. l. Among the 19 cases, 13 cases were female and 6 cases were male, and high incidence was noted in older age group. 2. The amout of bleeding during operation was less than 100ml and the operative time was less than one and half hour under the local anesthesia in majority. 3. Good result was obtained in the group of operation less than 3 days after initial injury compared to more than 3 days group. 4. There was high complication rate in poor group than acceptable group according to Garden alignment index and we could predict the end result by aid of alignment index. 5. There was no cast immobilization in case of stable reduction, good fixation and good Rapport. 6. Bony union was established within 4.7 months in non-displaced fracture and 7.3 months in displaced fracture in average. 7. There were 1 case of avascular necrosis. 3 cases of non-union and 2 cases of degenerative osteoarthritis and poor results were correlated with Garden stage.
Agriculture ; Anesthesia, Local ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Femur ; Head ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Male ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Operative Time ; Osteoarthritis

The superficial sural artery flap is supplied by the superficial sural artery that accompanies the sural nerve. The superficial sural artery connects distally with a peroneal artery septocutaneous perforator via a suprafascial network of vessels that permits the flap to be raised on its distal pedicle. We treated 10 patients who showed soft tissue defect of the lower third of the leg, around the ankle and the hindfoot with this flap. The causes of the soft tissue defect were trauma in 6 cases, pressure sore in 2 cases, squamous cell carcinoma in 1 case and osteomyelitis in 1 case. The sites of the soft tissue defect were the lower third of the leg in 5 cases, around the ankle in 2 cases and the hindfoot in 3 cases. The size of the soft tissue defect was from 5x6 cm to 8xl2 cm. All 10 flaps survived. Two flaps showed slight venous congestion which cleared in a few days. The time for flap dissection was 15 minutes in average. The results of our cases show that the distally based superficial sural artery flap is useful for the soft tissue coverage of the lower third of the leg, around the ankle and the hindfoot. The advantages of the flap are that the blood supply is reliable, elevation is easy and quick, the major arteries are not sacrificed and the donor site morbidity is negligible.
Ankle ; Arteries* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Leg ; Lower Extremity ; Osteomyelitis ; Pressure Ulcer ; Sural Nerve ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available.
Animals ; Electroshock* ; Glutamate Decarboxylase* ; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase* ; Glutamic Acid* ; Glutamine* ; Hippocampus* ; Rats*

A 18-year-old male patient presented with the skin colored, dome-shaped, soft, movable mass in his left retroauriculr region. The mass has slowly increased in size since birth. Histopathologic exarnination revealed sebaceous gland, eccrine gland and crosssectioned hair in the surrounding tissue, hair shaft projected into the lumen, and laminated horny material in the cyst. Transitional zone between stratified squarnous epithelium and the wall lined by histiocytes showed homogenous degenerative change. After surgical removal of the lesion, no recurrence was observed during 15 months of follow-up.
Adolescent ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Eccrine Glands ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hair ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition ; Recurrence ; Sebaceous Glands ; Skin

No abstract available.
Humans