Hemophilia, a genetically determined disorder, can be divided into hemophilia A and hemophilia B. Hemophilia A, defined as a sex-linked recessive trait hemorrhagic disease of males characterized by a deficiency of factor VIII occurs about seven times more frequently than hemophilia B which is characterized by a deficiency of factor IX. The complications resulting from hemophilia occurs in virtually every system. This paper is concerned with a rare complication of hemophilia, iliacus hematoma with femoral neuropathy. On case of spontaneous hemorrhage of iliacus muscle with femoral neuropathy in hemophilia was decompressed through a small incision with sump drainage under cover of AHF(Anti-hemophilic factor) concentrated plasma cryoperecipitate followed AHF replacement therapy.
Drainage ; Factor IX ; Factor VIII ; Femoral Neuropathy ; Hematoma ; Hemophilia A ; Hemophilia B ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of respiration on the sizes of intrathoracic vasculature, and the trachea,and the main bronchus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen volunteers (10males aged 20-39 years and 7 females aged20-39 years) underwent spiral CT, between the apex and lowest base of the lung, collimation was 10mm, pitch was 1,and images were obtained at breath hold forced end-inspiration and breath hold forced end-expiration. Crosssecional areas or diameters were measured in each respiration state at the aorta (ascending, descending, lowerthoracic) and great branches, the IVC (thoracic, abdominal), the SVC, pulmonary artery (right main, leftdescending) and the tracheobronchus (trachea, left upper bronchus). Changes in the size of vessels and airwaysbetween the respiration states were evaluated and compared between inspiration and expiration. RESULT: Duringbreath-hold forced end-inspiration CT, the ascending, descending, and lower thoracic aorta and itsbranches(brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian) as well as the thoracic IVC and SVC and the rightmain and left descending pulmonary arteries decreased in size: during breath-hold forced end-expiration CT, thesize of all these vessels increased. For the trachea, left upper lobe bronchus and abdominal IVC, the situationwas reversed. Statistically significant changes(p<0.05) were noted in the ascending aorta and descending aorta,the lower thoracic aorta, the thoracic and abdominal IVC, the SVC, the right main and left pulmonary arteries, andthe trachea. CONCLUSION: During respiration, changes in the size of the thoracic vasculature and airways isprobably due to changes in intrathoracic pressure. In the measurement and diagnosis of stenosis or dilatation inthe intrathoracic vesculature and airways, respiration states should therefore be considered.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Bronchi* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery ; Respiration* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Trachea* ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: A multi-subunit transcription factor NF-κB is associated with anti-apoptotic signals in several cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we investigated whether the expression levels of the NF-κB were related to the clinical properties of human renal cell carcinoma such as nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with clear cell RCC between January 2006 and February 2013 were included. Clinicopathological data and survival were investigated. The expressions of NF-κB were investigated by performing immunohistochemical staining on 61 clear cell RCC. The expression levels of NF-κB were divided two groups by the expression levels. RESULTS: Results on the expression of NF-κB were not significant. Analysis of NF-κB expressions is not associated with any of the clinical properties including age, nuclear grade and TNM stage (p=0.613, p=0.059, p=0.107, p=0.570, and p=0.760, respectively). Also, a statistically correlation was not observed between recurrence free survival and NF-κB expression levels (p=0.573). CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of the NF-κB were not associated with the clinical properties of clear cell RCC such as age, nuclear grade, TNM stage, and recurrence free survival.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Transcription Factors

We examined 216 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from chickens and environmental specimens from hatcheries between 2005 and 2006 in order to evaluate the epidemiological prevalence of avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) in Korea tentatively by multiplex PCR. The multiplex PCR which was used as tentative criteria of APEC targets 8 virulence-associated genes; enteroaggregative toxin (astA), increased serum survival protein (iss), iron-repressible protein (irp2), P fimbriae (papC), aerobactin (iucD), temperature-sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh), vacuolating autotransporter toxin (vat), and colicin V plasmid operon (cva/cvi) genes. The number of detected genes could be used as a reliable index of their virulence. It was demonstrated that E. coli strains already typed as APEC always harbor 5 to 8 genes, but non-APEC strains harbor less than 4 genes. Assuming the criteria of APEC is a possession of more than 5 virulenceassociated genes, we discriminated 24 APEC strains among the 216 E. coli strains. Contamination rates of APEC in the field were 31.3% in layers, 14.0% in broilers, 2.7% in broiler breeders, and 0.0% in environmental specimens from hatcheries. The combinational tendency of APEC examined is a fundamental possession of astA, iss and iucD genes and addition of cva/cvi, tsh, vat, and irp2 genes which have a critical importance for virulent traits of APEC. Compared with intravenous chicken challenge or embryo lethality assay, multiplex PCR method could be useful to discriminate APEC rapidly for convenient diagnosis.
Chickens ; Colicins ; Embryonic Structures ; Escherichia ; Escherichia coli ; Hemagglutinins ; Hydroxamic Acids ; Korea ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Operon ; Plasmids ; Prevalence

The aim of this study was to evaluate the infectious complications after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in children. We enrolled 95 children (38 boys and 57 girls) who underwent LDLT from 1994 to 2004. The median age was 22 months (range, 6 months to 15 yr). We retrospectively investigated the proven episodes of bacterial, viral, and fungal infection. There occurred 150 infections in 67 (70%) of 95 patients (1.49 infections/patient); 74 in 43 patients were bacterial, 2 in 2 were fungal, and 74 in 42 were viral. The most common sites of bacterial infection were the bloodstream (33%) and abdomen (25%). Most of the bacterial infections occurred within the first month after LDLT. Bacterial and fungal infections did not result in any deaths. The most common causes of viral infection were Epstein-Barr virus in 37 patients and cytomegalovirus in 18. Seven of the 14 deaths after LDLT were associated with viral infection. Our study suggests that infection is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality after LDLT. Especially careful monitoring and management of viral infections is crucial for improving the outcome of LDLT in children.
Adult ; Child ; Communicable Diseases/*etiology/microbiology/mortality/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Infection/*etiology/microbiology/mortality/virology ; Liver Transplantation/*adverse effects/mortality ; *Living Donors ; Male ; *Postoperative Complications/microbiology/mortality/virology ; Retrospective Studies

Background/Aims: We aimed to compare the differences in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea. Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted at five centers in Korea between 2013 and 2017. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, and results from laboratory, endoscopic, radiologic examinations were compared between pediatric CD and UC patients who were <19 years old at diagnosis. Results: A total 307 patients were included (227 CD [73.9%] and 80 UC [26.1%]). The male to female ratio was 2.49:1 for CD, and 1.49:1 for UC (p=0.019). Median age at diagnosis was 14.4 years (interquartile range, 12.4 to 16.2) for CD, and 14.4 years (interquartile range, 11.7 to 16.5) for UC (p=0.962). Hematochezia was the only dominant symptom in UC patients compared to CD patients (86.2% vs 30.8%, p<0.001). White blood cell counts, platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher, and serum albumin level was significantly lower in CD patients than in UC patient. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody was positive in 44.5% and 16.2% of CD and UC patients, respectively (p<0.001), and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody was positive in 15.0% and 58.8% of CD and UC patients, respectively (p<0.001). Terminal ileal involvement was prominent in CD, while rectal involvement was more prominent in UC. Small bowel involvement and perianal perforating diseases were also more prominent in CD. Conclusions This is the first a multicenter study in Korea to compare the differences between pediatric CD and UC at diagnosis in Korea. A large-scale, national study is expected to better clarify these findings in the future.

Purpose: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Cataract-related Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ). Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 141 cataract patients was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022. The questionnaire was created based on a literature review and advice from an expert panel. This study determined its construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Results: The CVFQ consists of 15 items distributed among five categories: overall visual quality, overall visual function, distance vision, near vision, and glare. In the exploratory factor analysis of validity, the first three principal components explained 77.8% of the variance. The p-values in the Spearman correlation test comparing the pre- and postoperative total CVFQ score and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were 0.006 and 0.004, respectively. In the reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha was > 0.9 for internal consistency and the p-values of each subcategory were all significant in the analysis of test-retest reliability. Conclusions Our results indicate that the CVFQ is useful for measuring the visual quality and visual function of cataract patients in Korea.