No abstract available.
Breast Diseases* ; Breast* ; Estrogens* ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Estrogen* ; Receptors, Progesterone*

Removal of subgingival calculus is essential for the success in periodontal treatment. Subgingival instrumentation is used for the removal of all bacterial plaque and calculus. In this study, Gracey curet and Ultrasonic curet were used on single rooted teeth to conduct subgingival scaling and root planning. The remaining amount of calculus was evaluated according to type of instrument, depth of pocket, and tooth surface. 24 teeth were extracted from 14 patients being treated at department Periodontology Seoul Advantist dental hospital were used. Total 96 area(4 surface per teeth) were evaluated. 12 teeth treated with Gracey curet were used as the control group and the other 12 teeth treated with Ultrasonic curet were examined for experimental group. The 4 surfaces of the teeth(buccal, mesial, lingual or palatal, distal) were observed through the stereomicroscope and the images of the surface were captured and saved in CCD. The images were displayed on the monitor and the amount of calculus remained was evaluated by overlapping 10x10 grid pixel screen produced by Microsoft power point. The results evaluated were as follows 1. There was no statistically significant difference in residual calculus and tooth position following scaling and root planning of all group, but statistically significant correlation with residual calculus, probing depth, instruments and tooth surface. 2. There was statistically significant correlation between residual calculus and probing depth, but no statistically significant difference in residual calculus, tooth surface and tooth position on experimental(Ultrasonic curet) group. 3. There was no statistically significant difference in residual calculus according to the pre-treatment pocket depth and tooth position, but statistically significant correlation with tooth surface. The amount of residual calculus increase with mesial, distal, buccal and lingual(or palatal) surface on control(Gracey curet) group. 4. The Gracey curet showed better results than ultrasonic curet in mesial and distal surface, and there is significant difference. The results demonstrate that ultrasonic curet alone is inadequate for thorough subgingival debridement and suggest that Ultrasonic curet with Gracey curet should be more effective.
Calculi ; Debridement ; Dental Scaling* ; Humans ; Seoul ; Tooth ; Ultrasonics*

Approximately 100 cases of collecting duct carcinoma have been reported in the medical literature. We herein report on a case of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney in a 75-year-old patient. The abdominal sonography depicted a relatively poorly defined 7X6 cm sized, isoechoic mass lesion, as compared to the normal parenchyma, at the left kidney lower pole and the affected kidney showed preservation of the reniform shape. CT revealed a heterogeneous poorly defined low-attenuation mass that was mainly located in the medulla with involvement of the cortex and the lower half of the renal pelvis. Retrograde ureteropyelography showed a filling defect at the lower renal pelvis and severe narrowing of the left proximal ureter. We initially thought this lesion was invasive transitional cell carcinoma. Subsequent surgery confirmed a collecting duct carcinoma.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Kidney Pelvis ; Ureter

PURPOSE: In children on anticancer chemotherapy, bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. We investigated febrile episodes and bloodstream infections in pediatric cancer patients to guide proper selection of empiric antibiotics for febrile pediatric hemato-oncologic patients. METHODS: All febrile episodes treated in the division of hematology-oncology, the department of pediatrics, Hanyang University Hospital, between July 2005 and June 2008 were reviewed. Episodes with and without bloodstream infections were compared. RESULTS: Forty cases (18.9%, 25 patients) of BSI occurred in 212 febrile episodes (63 patients). Thirty-seven cases (23.6%, 22 patients) of BSI occurred in 157 febrile episodes with neutropenia (54 patients). Microorganisms identified in BSI corresponded to 23 gram-positive bacteria (51.2%), 20 gram-negative bacteria (44.5%), and 2 fungi (4.4%). Rates of BSI between those who had received umbilical cord blood transplantation and those who had received transplantation from other source were significantly different (55.0% vs. 7.7%, P=0.001). No differences in mortality rate were observed among organisms in BSI patients. For febrile episodes the rate of BSI was higher among those with Chemoport than those with Hickman catheter (P=0.029) and gram-positive pathogens were more likely to be associated with Chemoport (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: The study showed the rate of BSI, distribution of pathogens with regard to neutropenia, transplantation, central venous catheters, and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens in order to help guide in the choice of optimal empiric antibiotics in pediatric febrile neutropenic hemato-oncologic patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteremia ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Child ; Fetal Blood ; Fever ; Fungi ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Humans ; Neutropenia ; Pediatrics ; Transplants

An outbreak of dermatosis occurred at a machinery manufacture factory in kyongju on Aug 1995. Authors conducted a questionnaire survey among 92 workers in the factory and a dermatologist examined their skin lesions. Authors also collected moths and identified them. The results are as follows; 1. Forty-two cases of dermatosis were identified with attack rate of 45.7%. Attack rate was not different by company, age, sex, educational level and duration of employment. Attack rate was 47.8% among productive workers, 25.0% among clerical workers and 100.0% among patrolmen. 2. Two cases among 42 dermatosis cases and three subjects among 50 non-cases had a history of same dermatosis last year. Four of dermatosis cases had a history of dermatosis among their family members. 3. skin lesions of the cases were scattered or grouped rice-sized erythematous papules or vesicles. Duration of dermatosis from the onset to the time of survey was from one day to more than 30 days. The most frequent site of skin lesion was the arms(81.0%), and it was also observed at the neck(47.6%), abdomen(45.2%), chest(42.9%), legs(38.1%) and back(35.7%). skin lesion was aggravated with sweating(31.0%), after shower(16.7%) and with scratching(l1.9%). 4. Moths were collected and identified as Euproetis subflava(Bremer). Many poisons stings were observed on their wngs which is harmful to human. 5. Contact with moths' wing droppings to two authors on their forearms for provocation resulted in severe immediate pain followed by prolonged pruritus. Erythematous macules quickly appeared and suoceeded by firm wheal-like red papules. Authors thought that the outbreak of dermatosis was brought about by Euproetix subflava(Bremer). Further studies on the factors contributing to the prosperity of the moths in this area are needed.
Bites and Stings ; Employment ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Forearm ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Moths* ; Poisons ; Pruritus ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Skin ; Skin Diseases* ; Wings, Animal

This study describes an evaluation of the sonographic, cholangiographic, pathological, and immunological findings, and the protective effect shown by rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis. Eight experimental rat groups were, namely, a normal control, a primary infection control, a reinfection I (reinfection 7 week after treatment following 3-week infection), a reinfection II (reinfection 2 week after treatment following 8-week infection), a reinfection III (exploration of the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection 4 week after treatment following 4-week infection), a superinfection, a secondary infection control, and an infection following immunization group. Sonographic and cholangiographic findings showed moderate or marked dilatation of the bile duct confluence in the primary infection control, reinfection II, and secondary infection control groups. Juvenile worms survived in the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection following treatment in the reinfection III group. It was concluded that reinfecting juvenile worms found during the first week following reinfection failed to survive or grow further. Anatomical, pathophysiological, or immunological changes may induce protection from reinfection in rats.
Animals ; Anthelmintics/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Helminth/blood ; Antigens, Helminth/administration & dosage/immunology ; Bile Duct Diseases/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Cholangiography ; Clonorchiasis/parasitology/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Clonorchis sinensis/*pathogenicity ; Immunization ; Praziquantel/administration & dosage/therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sound Spectrography ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

PURPOSE: To present the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) including visual quality analysis in Korean patients with myopia METHODS: The medical records of 228 eyes of 116 patients who underwent SMILE in HanGil Eye Hospital LASIK Center from May 2014 to Feb 2015 and were followed-up for at least 3 months was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. Refractive value, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual quality were measured at each visit RESULTS: Preoperatively, uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.02 in log MAR, spherical equivalent was -5.03 ± 1.72 diopters, intraocular pressure was 15.85 ± 2.85 mm Hg, and the objective scattering index (OSI) value was 0.68 ± 0.49. The postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.05 ± 0.08, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.02 ± 0.04 and OSI was 2.16 ± 1.89, 1.25 ± 0.64, 1.14 ± 0.69, and 0.81 ± 0.36 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation, respectively. The postoperative intraocular pressure was 12.55 ± 3.74 mm Hg, 13.03 ± 4.35 mm Hg, 11.65 ± 2.49 mm Hg at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. The efficacy of refractive surgery 3 months after the operation was 0.97 ± 0.11, the safety was 0.99 ± 0.10, and predictability was 99.56% and 100.00% at the range of ±0.5 diopters and ± 1.0 diopter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE operation showed comparable clinical outcomes with conventional refractive surgery in terms of efficacy, safety, and predictability. Intraocular pressure and visual quality normalized gradually throughout the 3-month postoperative period.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Medical Records ; Myopia ; Postoperative Period ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To present the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) including visual quality analysis in Korean patients with myopia METHODS: The medical records of 228 eyes of 116 patients who underwent SMILE in HanGil Eye Hospital LASIK Center from May 2014 to Feb 2015 and were followed-up for at least 3 months was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. Refractive value, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual quality were measured at each visit RESULTS: Preoperatively, uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.02 in log MAR, spherical equivalent was -5.03 ± 1.72 diopters, intraocular pressure was 15.85 ± 2.85 mm Hg, and the objective scattering index (OSI) value was 0.68 ± 0.49. The postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.05 ± 0.08, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.02 ± 0.04 and OSI was 2.16 ± 1.89, 1.25 ± 0.64, 1.14 ± 0.69, and 0.81 ± 0.36 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation, respectively. The postoperative intraocular pressure was 12.55 ± 3.74 mm Hg, 13.03 ± 4.35 mm Hg, 11.65 ± 2.49 mm Hg at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. The efficacy of refractive surgery 3 months after the operation was 0.97 ± 0.11, the safety was 0.99 ± 0.10, and predictability was 99.56% and 100.00% at the range of ±0.5 diopters and ± 1.0 diopter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE operation showed comparable clinical outcomes with conventional refractive surgery in terms of efficacy, safety, and predictability. Intraocular pressure and visual quality normalized gradually throughout the 3-month postoperative period.
Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Medical Records ; Myopia ; Postoperative Period ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

A mucogingival grafting procedure has been developed to cover denuded root surface. The subepithelial connective tissue graft technique is very predictable and allows for a good esthetic results and minimum patient discomfort on the palate. However, in areas where there is a lack of vestibular depth and keratinized attached tissue, the presence of frena or heavy muscle attachment, covering the connective tissue graft with a mucosal flap is very difficult. The purpose of this study is to evaluate an alternative technique of root coverage using the free connective tissue graft. The results were as follows: 1. Probing depths didn't seem to vary significantly from the preoperative to postoperative period. 2. The amount of keratinized tissue showed an increase of 5.9+/-0.97mm from the preoperative level. 3. Total clinical exposed root coverage increase 72.2% compare with preoperative level. 4. The shrinkage from gingival margin is 4.2+/-1.15mm and the mean shrinkage rate is 40.1%. 5. The depth of the vestibule increased with the average distance from cementoenamel junction to mucogingival junction being 7.4+/-1.65mm.
Connective Tissue* ; Humans ; Palate ; Postoperative Period ; Tooth Cervix ; Transplants*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical changes in graft size after treatment with connective tissue autograft in human. 40 premolar teeth in 23 patients having the following mucogingival problemswere selected. The width of extension, attached gingiva including free marginal gingiva, width of transplant and clinical sulcus depth were measured at the initial examination, 2, 12 and 24 weeks following the connective tissue autograft and free gingival autograft. The change of width of extension, attached gingiva including free marginal gingiva, width of transplant and clinical sulcus depth according to healing process in both graft procedures was statistically analyzed by ANOVA test and independent t-test using SPSS program. The results were as follows: 1. The change of keratinized gingiva in both grafting procedures was increased significantly at 24 weeks post-op. 2. The clinical sulcus depth exhibited no marked changes throughoutthe entire investigation in both grafting procedures. 3. After 12 weeks, no dimensional variation was seen in graft size in both grafting procedures. 4. Shrinkage differs significantly in both grafting procedures. From the day of graft to 24 weeks after surgery the percentages of shrinkage were connective tissue autograft 55% and free gingival autograft 29%.
Autografts* ; Bicuspid ; Connective Tissue* ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Tooth ; Transplants*