Eighty three rickets could be diagnosed at our department during eight years from August of 1969 to July of 1977. Among them fourteen children, whose radiographs and clinical description were precise with well-documented follow-up study of more than one year, were subjected to this analysis. Evaluation of the healing and correction of the lower leg deformity in these rachitic children obtained the following results. 1. Among fourteen rachitic children, thirteen patients (26 legs) showed varus and one patient (2 legs) showed valgus deformity. 2. Mean mechanical tibio-femoral angle showed shift from the initial 16.1°±5.3° to 5.5°+4.0° at final visit, which indicated the gradual correction of the deformity with the advance of the ages of children. The follow-up study after three years in this series showed that the correction became almost complete. 3. At the epiphyseo-metaphyseal region of the distal femur, the initial angle showed two distinct trends of change. The initial varus angle more than 7 or 8 showed the decrease at the later follow-up study, while the initial angle less than 7 or 8 showed the increase. 4. The epiphyseo-metaphyseal region of the proximal tibia showed the minimum change of angle. Mean angle of deviation from the vertical line was 3.7°±2.9° at first visit and 2.6°± 2.4°at final visit. The least degree of varus and the trend toward valgus observed in this region may refiect its compensatory activity against the varus deformity of the leg as a whole. 5. The epiphyseo-metaphyseal region of the distal tibia showed the maximum degree of varus at both initial and final check although the greatest degree of correction was attained. The initial mean varus angle of 23.9°±9.2° became 12.9°±7.1° at final visit. 6. The results of this study have shown that the correct evaluation of the rcchitic leg deformity is possible with measurement of the mechanical tibio-femoral angle and that the deviation angle of each epipyseo-metaphyseal region is preferable.
Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Leg ; Rickets ; Tibia

We investigated the biochemiesl change of keratin by the methods of SDS-PAGE and Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and observed electron microscopic ultrestructural changes in five Unna-Thost palmoplantar keratoderma patients and two normal adults. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The increased bands of 51 kd and newly appearing 48 kd, 56 kd keratins were observed on the SDS-PAGE and compared to the normsl control. 2. The newly appearing 48 kd(acidic) paired with 56 kd(basic) keratins and 51 kd keratin and the disappearance of 59 kd(basic), 64 kd(basic) keratins were observed on the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and compared to the normal control. 3. The variable sized, numerous, globular, irregularly beam-shaped and granular kerstohyaline granules were scattered in the granular cell and corneocyte. Numerous ribosomes were noted between the clumped tonofibrils and around the keratohyaline granules. The lipid droplets were seen in the corneocytes and granular cells on the electron microscope.
Adult ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar* ; Ribosomes

Recently, accumulation of knowledge on cerebrovascular microanatomy and its hemodynamics and advances in interventional equipments, especially microcatheters, could make superselective embolization as well as for an adjunctive preoperative procedures The authors performed superselective angiography and embolization with Tracker microcatheter in 25 procedures out of 15 patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Complete embolization was done in 7 prtients (46.7%), nearly complete embolization in 6 patients(40.4%), and partial embolization in 2 patients (13.3%). The overall curative success rate of embolization was 86.7%. Five patients showed no complication at all. Mild complications, however, were observed in 7 patients (46.8%). Severe complications such as AVM or Tracker rupture were observed in 3 patients (20%). In conclusion, superselective embolization is and effective method for the treatment of brain AVMs, and multiple session embolizations could reduce the complication rate and increase the success rate.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Methods ; Preoperative Care ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Gelatin* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Ameloblasts* ; Fibroma*

No abstract available.
Ameloblasts* ; Fibroma*

Crowns ; Finite Element Analysis ; Mandible ; Prostheses and Implants

The present study was undertaken to observe the pathologic changes of the liver in albino rats with Clonorchis sinensis. Twenty five rats given 50 metacercariae respectively by mouth were autopsied at 3 days (group 1), one week (group 2), 4 weeks (group 3), 8 weeks (group 4) and 12 weeks (group 5) of infection. The following results were obtained: Parasites were seen in bile ducts of group 2, 3, 4, 5 and increased in number with duration of infection. The pathologic changes in the liver were prominent in intrahepatic bile ducts. Epithelial cells of bile ducts showed definite atypia and proliferation resulting in pseudostratification in group. Stratification of metaplastic squamous cells and glandular proliferation were prominent in group 3. The epithelial cells were keratinized with syncitium and cribriform formation in group 4 and almost suggestive of adenomatous hyperplasia in group 5. Periductal fibrosis seen in group 4 was considerable as well as mature with hyalinized connective tissue in group 5. Heavy inflammatory cell infiltrations around the affected bile ducts in group 1 became smaller in number with duration of infection. The inflammatory cells consisted of the majority of eosinophils in group 1 and chiefly plasma cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear cells in group 5. Veins in portal spaces dilated markedly in group 1 became less prominent with duration of infection. Although portal fibrosis increased definitely in group 3 often extended into the hepatic lobules in group 4, the changes of hepatic cells, sinusoids and central veins were negligible. Above results suggest that clonorchiasis could be a factor in inducing primary carcinoma of liver in albino rats.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis-clonorchiasis ; pathology ; histology ; liver ; rat ; eosinophil ; plasma cell ; lymphocyte ; mononuclear cell ; carcinoma

PURPOSE: The angiographic demonstration of absent cerebral blood flow is presently considered to be the most reliable method of confirming brain death. The purpose of this study is to determine whether CT angiography (CTA) with spiral CT can rapidly and specifically establish a diagnosis of brain death. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of fifteen CT angiograms (brain death, n=9;severe coma, n=6 within 24 hours of the study) were obtained prospectively in 12 patients with an established clinical diagnosis; Two patients underwent repeated CTA. Twenty seconds after beginning the injection of contrast media (100 mL at a rate of 3 mL/sec), CT scanning (30 -second continuous exposure and 60 -mm length) was performed with a table speed of 2 mm/sec and a section thickness of 2 mm. For each case, the presence or absence of opacification of inter-nal carotid arteries (ICA), vertebral and basilar arteries (VBA), anterior cerebral arteries (ACA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA), posterior cerebral arteries (PCA), distal branches of cerebral arteries, and superficial temporal arteries (STA) was ascertained. RESULTS: Except in one clinically brain-dead patient, whose EEG was difficult to interpret due to excessive arti-facts, the distal branches of cerebral arteries did not opacify. STA, on the other hand, was always visible on both sides. In all brain-dead patients but three, the ICA and proximal ACA, MCA, or PCA escaped visualiza-tion. In the remaining three cases with large skull defect or skull fracture, however, CT angiography showed faint opacification of the ICA and proximal segments of cerebral arteries. Cerebral arterial flow was preserved in all six patients in whom there was no clinical evidence of brain death. CONCLUSION: CTA may be used as a confirmatory test for the determination of brain death.
Angiography* ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Basilar Artery ; Brain Death* ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebral Arteries ; Coma ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Hand ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Prospective Studies ; Skull ; Skull Fractures ; Temporal Arteries ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; United Nations

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Postoperative early feeding has many advantages, and current guidelines recommend the early diet or enteral feeding after gastrointestinal surgery. However, there are controversies in emergency situation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of early enteral feeding in patients underwent emergency gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. METHODS: We reviewed the patients underwent emergency GI surgery by single surgeon from March 2008 to December 2010, retrospectively. The early feeding was defined when feeding was started within 72 hours after operation. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients were enrolled. Men were 31, with mean 60.6 (+/-18.5) years old age. Thirty-three patients were treated in the intensive-care unit after operation. The most common cause of operation was bowel perforation, and followed by intestinal obstruction. Segmental resection with primary anastomosis of small bowel is the most common operation. Thirty-two of them started the diet within 48 hours postoperatively. Twenty-nine patients had post-operative complications. Wound complications were the most common, and followed by the abdominal pain, and ileus. Wound complications were developed in 18 patients, and the post-feeding abdominal pain was in 7 patients. Anastomotic leakage and intraabdominal abscess were developed in 2 patients, and 1 patient required reoperation to treat the anastomotic disruption. One patient developed pneumonia and sepsis, and resolved under conservative treatment. There was no mortality in these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Early enteral feeding may be safe in cases of emergency GI surgery. However, it may require further studies to confirm the safety and feasibility of the early feeding in emergency situations.
Abdominal Pain/etiology ; Adult ; Aged ; *Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Enteral Nutrition/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Sepsis/etiology