The aims of this experiment were to investigate the strain and temperature changes simultaneously within autopolymerizing acrylic resin specimens. A computerized data acquisition system with an electrical resistance strain gauge and a thermocouple was used over time periods up to 180 minutes. The overall strain kinetics, the effects of stress relaxation and additional heat supply during the polymerization were evaluated. Stone mold replicas with an inner butt-joint rectangular cavity (40.0x25.0mm, 5.0mm in depth) were duplicated from a brass master mold. A strain gauge (AE-11-S50N-120-EC, CAS Inc., Korea) and a thermocouple were installed within the cavity, which had been connected to a personal computer and a precision signal conditioning amplifier (DA 1600 Dynamic Strain Amplifier, CAS Inc., Korea) so that real-time recordings of both polymerization-induced strain and temperature changes were performed. After each of fresh resin mixture was poured into the mold replica, data recording was done up to 180 minutes with three-second interval. Each of two poly (methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex) and a vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) was examined repeatedly ten times. Additionally, removal procedures were done after 15, 30 and 60 minutes from the start of mixing to evaluate the effect of stress relaxation after deflasking. Six specimens for each of nine conditions were examined. After removal from the mold, the specimen continued benchcuring up to 180 minutes. Using a waterbath (Hanau Junior Curing Unit, Model No.76-0, Teledyne Hanau, New York, U.S.A.) with its temperature control maintained at 50degrees C, heat-soaking procedures with two different durations (15 and 45 minutes) were done to evaluate the effect of additional heat supply on the strain and temperature changes within the specimen during the polymerization. Five specimens for each of six conditions were examined. Within the parameters of this study the following results were drawn : 1. The mean shrinkage strains reached -3095mu epsilon, -1796mu epsilon and -2959mu epsilon for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. The mean maximum temperature rise reached 56.7degrees C, 41.3degrees C and 56.1degrees C for Duralay, Snap, and Vertex, respectively. A vinyl ethyl methacrylate product (Snap) showed significantly less polymerization shrinkage strain (p<0.01) and significantly lower maximum temperature rise (p<0.01) than the other two poly (methyl methacrylate) products (Duralay, Vertex). 2. Mean maximum shrinkage rate for each resin was calculated to ?31.8mu epsilon/sec, -15.9mu epsilon/sec and ?31.8mu epsilon/sec for Duralay, Snap and Vertex, respectively. Snap showed significantly lower maximum shrinkage rate than Duralay and Vertex (p<0.01). 3. from the second experiment, some expansion was observed immediately after removal of specimen from the mold, and the amount of expansion increased as the removal time was delayed. For each removal time, Snap showed significantly less strain changes than the other two poly (methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.05). 4. During the external heat supply for the resins, higher maximum temperature rises were found. Meanwhile, the maximum shrinkage rates were not different from those of room temperature polymerizations. 5. From the third experiment, the external heat supply for the resins during polymerization could temporarily decrease or even reverse shrinkage strains of each material. But, shrinkage re-occurred in the linear nature after completion of heat supply. 6. Linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from the end of heat supply continuing for an additional 5 minutes, showed that Snap exhibited significantly lower values than the other two poly (methyl methacrylate) products (p<0.01). Moreover, little difference was found between the mean linear thermal expansion coefficients obtained from two different heating durations (p>0.05).
Acrylic Resins* ; Electric Impedance ; Fungi ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Kinetics ; Microcomputers ; Polymerization* ; Polymers* ; Relaxation

No abstract available.
C-Reactive Protein* ; Chorioamnionitis* ; Female ; Humans ; Membranes* ; Pregnancy ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Dermoscopy ; Hemangioma* ; Lasers, Dye

No abstract available.

The current clinical technique for occlusal vertical dimension recording is based on marking the skin reference points on the patient's face and measuring between these pints using caliper-like device. And it is difficult to achieve reliable measurements by this technique because of movable soft tissue. The purpose of this study is to reveal the stability of skin reference points by comparing the relative movement between extra-oral skin reference points and intra-oral reference points using X-ray fluoroscope. 10 test subjects were divided into 2 groups : Group I (natural dentition) and Group II (denture-wearer whose vertical dimension was lost) and Group III consists of identical test subjects to Group II with their upper denture removed and record base inserted. Attaching the 3mm diameter steel ball to nose tip, chin and to existing denture (or record base), fluoroscopic examination and recording were taken during 2 jaw opening and closing movements. After subsequent digitization using personal compute, 1219 still pictures with 0.1 second interval were made. Using the 2 dimensional graphic software, measurements between reference points were executed. Dividing the entire jaw movement into 3 ranges (total, 1st half opening, 2nd half opening), rate of movement and relative movement between extra-oral and intra-oral reference points were calculated and statistically analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Within the same experimental group, no statistical difference was found in the stability of skin reference between lower lip point and chin point during total range of jaw opening and closing movement (p>.05). 2. In the first half range of jaw opening, statistical difference was found between Group I (natural dentition) and Group II (denture wearer) (p<.05). Group I has greater skin reference stability than Group II. 3. In the first half range of jaw opening, statistical difference was found between Group I and Group III (record base wearer) (p<.05). Group I has greater skin reference stability than Group III. 4. In the first half range of jaw opening, no statistical difference was found in the stability of skin reference between Group II and Group III (p>.05). 5. In the second half range of jaw opening, no statistical difference was found in the stability of skin reference between any experimental groups (p>.05). 6. In patients with their occlusal vertical dimension lost, employing other measuring references rather than skin is recommended because of low stability.
Chin ; Dentures ; Humans ; Jaw* ; Lip ; Nose ; Skin* ; Steel ; Vertical Dimension

We report a case of Mondor's disease, or superficial thrombophlebitis of the chest wall, which occured in a 35-year-old female after a mild blunt trauma of the right chest wall. She had 0.3 × 25 cm, firm, tender, bifurcated cord-like lesions on the right chest and upper abdomen for two weeks. The histopathologic findings corresponded to the “thrombus organization” stage of Mondor's disease, characterized by numerous small areas of recanalization with marked surrounding fibrosis. The patient was treated with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and warm compresses. Within 7 weeks, the cord-like lesions virtually disappeared.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax ; Thrombophlebitis

PURPOSE: Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) in solitary kidney is an absolute indication for partial nephrectomy. We evaluated the renal function after partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in a solitary kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Partial nephrectomy was performed in 14 patients with localized sporadic RCCs that developed in a solitary kidney between January 1993 and December 2005. In 8 patients(57%), the contralateral kidney had been surgically removed. In the remaining 6 patients, 4 had a contralateral nonfunctioning kidney(29%) and 2 had nephrolithiasis (14%). Three patients were treated with enucleation, and partial nephrectomy was done in 11 patients. The recorded variables we studied were the preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine levels, whether renal ischemia and hypothermia was used, the duration of renal ischemia and the percent of renal parenchyma that was resected. RESULTS: At mean follow-up of 55.6 months(range: 16.3-106.6), the mean serum creatinine had increased from 1.03mg/dl preoperatively to 1.26 mg/dl postoperatively(p>0.05). The mean serum creatinine had significantly increased at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery(p<0.05). The postoperative serum creatinine after 16 months was still increased compared to the preoperative serum creatinine, but there was no statistical significance(p>0.05). None of the 14 patients required dialysis for end stage renal disease after surgery. The normal preoperative serum creatinine had increased above 1.5mg/dl in two patients, but not above 2.0mg/dl. One patient had multiple renal cell carcinoma masses and one had diabetes mellitus. The postoperative creatinine of the 9 patients who had renal warm ischemia was not significantly different from the 5 patients who had no ischemia(p>0.05). The renal ischemia time, cold ischemia and the resected percent volume of the renal parenchyma were found to have no statistically significant impact on postoperative renal function(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Partial nephrectomy safely preserves renal function in patients with solitary kidney.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cold Ischemia ; Creatinine ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dialysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Ischemia ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney* ; Nephrectomy* ; Nephrolithiasis ; Warm Ischemia

BACKGROUND: We investigated the effectiveness of pain management and the adverse events of intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after orthopedic surgery. METHODS: From September 2014 and August 2015, we performed a retrospective analysis of 77 patients who underwent orthopedic surgery of the shoulder or the elbow in our hospital. The composition of the intravenous PCA administered to the patients was as follows: 250 mg of dexketoprofen trametamol, 70 mg of oxycodone, and 0.6 mg of ramosetron, which were made up to 79 ml of normal saline. We evaluated and statistically analyzed the difference in the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain at immediate postoperation, at 24 hours of PCA, at 72 hours of PCA, and after discontinuation of PCA and in the incidence of adverse events. RESULTS: We found that VAS score decreased for 3 postoperative days and that with discontinuation of IV PCA a meaningful change in VAS score was no longer seen. Of the 77 patients, 22 presented with adverse events (28.6%). We terminated IV PCA temporarily in the 21 patients who presented with adverse events; we terminated analgesia permanently in one patient (1.2%). Consequently, 76 of 77 patients carried out IV PCA till the designated period. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous PCA after orthopedic surgery of the shoulder or the elbow may be accompanied with adverse events. Careful assessment of the patient and treatment of the adverse outcomes are key to a successful maintenance of PCA and to a successful management of postoperative pain.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Elbow* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Orthopedics ; Oxycodone ; Pain Management ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Histiocytes* ; Niemann-Pick Diseases*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma* ; Nevus*