No abstract available.

In order to examine the association of human papilloma virus(HPV) infection with anal carcinoma, the authors used polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and in situ hybridization technique to detect HPV DNA in formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 46 anal carcinoma patients. At the same time, 28 condyloma accuminata specimens and 25 rectal adecarcinomas were examined for HPV DNA with in situ hybridization(ISH). By PCR analysis, using type specific primers and probes for HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 and 33, HPV type 16 DNA was demonstrated in 30(65.2%) of 46 anal carcinoma specimens, but HPV type 6, 11, 18 or HPV type 33 was not identified. HPV DNA Positivity was different according to the site of the anal carcinoma. In anal marginal squamous celt carcinoma, 3(27.3%) of 11 contained HPV DNA but 27(77.1%) of 35 anal canal carcinoma contained HPV DNA. Among the anal canal carcinomas, the cloacogenic carcinoma contained HPV DNA in 11(84.6%) of 13 and squamous cell carcinoma contained in 16(72.7%) of 22 specimens. Two of six local recurrences and three of nine lymph node metastases had HPV-16 DNA. When the anal carcinomas were analysed using ISH technique for HPV type 6, 11, 16, 18, the frequency of Positivity decreased to 4(11.4%) of 35 and stained only for HPV type 16/18. Among the 28 condyloma accuminata specimens, 24(85.7%) contained HPV DNA type 6/11 and only 2(7.1%) contained type 16/18 by ISH technique. In contrast to anal carcinoma, male was predominent in condyloma accuminata patient(82.1% of 28) and 6 patients were homosexual man. HPV DNA was not demonstrated in all the cases of rectal adenocarcinoma by ISH. We conclude that HPV infections are associated with the development of anal canal carcinoma but are not associated with adenocarcinoma of the rectum. In anal carcinomas, anal canal carcinoma is more closely associated with HPV infection than anal marginal carcinoma. Among the HPV types studied, type 16, 18 are more closely linked with malignant transformation.
Adenocarcinoma ; Anal Canal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; DNA ; Formaldehyde ; Homosexuality ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Papilloma ; Papillomavirus Infections* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rectum ; Recurrence

The majority of ptients with ischemic heart disease such as angina pectoris and myocardial infarction have coronary atherosclerosis as a underlying cause. However, in unusual conditions such as variant angina, aortic valvular heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, vasculitis, hypercoagulable states, coronary atherosclerosis is not the cause. Polycythemia vesa is a myeloproliferative disease characterized by infrequent thromboembolic complications such as ischemic heart disease. We report a case of polycythemia vera presenting with angina pectoris without coronary artery stenosis with the review of the literature.
Angina Pectoris* ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Polycythemia Vera* ; Polycythemia* ; Vasculitis

Shotgun injury compared to gunshot injury has been reported to have tendency to make less severe damage due to its characteristic low velocity and fragmentation. Recently, we encountered with a patient who survived from shotgun injury. She shot herself for the purpose of suicide with a hunting gun. The multiple fragmented bullet particles were found on the nasal septum, inferior turbinate, near the sphenoid sinus, and especially in the esophagus. They were removed safely with nasal endoscope, C-arm, and esophagoscope. We report this case with review of literature.
Endoscopes ; Esophagoscopes ; Esophagus ; Head* ; Humans ; Nasal Septum ; Neck* ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Suicide ; Turbinates ; Wounds and Injuries*

OBJECTIVES: In order to devise the combination module transmitting bio signal and signal data remotely, as defect of wirewireless combination module was complemented by designing a single combination of wireless module and power supply module, a single system was implemented. METHODS: Currently in case of wireless transmission, it had various problems causing by some factors such as buildings, obstruction, and entanglement of wires and so on. In order to overcome problems of wireless transmission, a single combination module design was researched, which transmits vital signal and sign data using basic electric line installed in the inner building or between others. Even though it was also possible of wireless communication and the internet, in case of a power supply without them, it could be possible to transfer data to underground or top ground in the inner building without any special communication line. RESULTS: Bio signal data was transmitted through a power supply line, a noise problem occurred would be solved by the designed noise filter. The filter showed that noise was cut off about more than 90%. It was also confirmed that the used ECG signals was stably received on transmission experiment. An internal PCB antenna could make the system be wireless communication without the disclosure of an antenna. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, in order to implement a useful system transmitting bio signal and data through wire and wireless management for combination design of wireless module and electrical line module, bio signal transmission system was implemented by design of noise break filter circuit to reduce power noise and PCB internal antenna design.
Complement System Proteins ; Disclosure ; Electric Power Supplies ; Electrocardiography ; Internet ; Noise ; Vital Signs

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mice*

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze menu patterns and food group diversity in daycare centers managed by the Center for Children's Foodservice Management in South Korea. Methods: Data from 18 Center for Children's Foodservice Management centers across various provinces (excluding Jeju Island) were analyzed. We examined 8,796 meals served in February, May, August, and December 2021, focusing on seasonal lunch and snack menus for children aged 3-5. Foods were categorized into 19 groups for lunch and 21 for snacks. The frequency of food groups and dietary patterns were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Score. Analyses were conducted using Excel 2016 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 28. Results: Most lunch menus (89%) included five menu items, with a ratio of grain, meat, and vegetables at 88%. Snack menus typically had one item (57%), with significantly more items in the afternoon compared to the morning (P < 0.001). Regarding snack patterns, 75.2% of morning snacks and 61.1% of afternoon snacks contained only one solid food and drink (P < 0.001). Fruit and milk (22.4%) was the most prevalent pattern in morning snacks, while grain and milk (31%) dominated afternoon snacks (P < 0.001). Only 48% of daycare center menus (all snacks and lunch) included all five food groups (grain, meat, vegetables, fruit, and milk). Notably, only 83% included milk and 57% included fruit. Conclusions These findings highlight the need to improve food variety and diversity in the Center for Children’s Foodservice Management-managed daycare center menus.Developing more detailed guidelines for menu structure and food composition is crucial to ensure children receive balanced and diverse nutrition.

PURPOSE: Gastric cancer is considered to be a disease of the middle aged and elderly, but there was increased interest in clinicopathologic features of both the young aged and the old aged gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In an attempt to compare the young below 35 years old with the old over 70 years old about the clinicopathologic characteristics, we reviewed 110 young patients and 146 old patients who were experienced at the Department of Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital from July 1982 to June 1997. We have analyzed the age, sex ratio, location, size, number of the cancer, Borrmanns classification, histologic classification, stage of the cancer, DNA ploidy, curative resectibility, 5 year survival rate in both groups. Comparisons of outcomes between groups were done using z(2) analysis. P value of <.05 was considered significant. A statistical test of the survival rates was made with the Z test and Kaplan-Meier method. Other statistics were analyzed by the log-rank method. RESULT: In the old, the incidence af the gastric cancer was higher in man than in woman(2.24: 1). In the young, the male to female sex ratio was 1: 1.16. The antrum was the most common site of gastric cancer in both groups. The cardia was more frequently involved in the young than the old(17.3%:7.5%). In the histologic classification, tubular adenocarcinoma was the most common in both groups. The young had 17.3% of incidence of signet ring cell carcinoma, but 2.7% in the old. The incidence of the early gastric cancer was 20.0% in the young and 17.8% in the old, which was not significantly different. The incidence of Borrmann type III was predominant in both groups. In Borrmann type IV, the young was revealed 18.0%, the old was revealed 8.2%, but there was no significant difference statistically. There were no significant differences in the stage and 5-years survival rate of the gastric cancer in both groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed the differences between the young and the old in the sex ratio, location, histological types of the gastric cancer. It meaned that there were some differences between the both groups in the etiology of gastric cancer, development and progression patterns.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; Cardia ; Classification ; DNA ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ploidies ; Sex Ratio ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: In advanced gastric cancer, the important prognostic factors are depth of invasion and status of lymph node metastasis, etc. In early gastric cancer, it remains controversial that depth of invasion or lymph node metastasis is corelated to the prognosis. A retrospective analysis of early gastric cancer was performed to evaluate the clinicopathologic features and to know the factors affecting the prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 1981 to May 1997, we experienced 1850 cases of gastric cancer who performed gastric resections. Among them, 371 cases were early gastric cancer (20.1% of all resected gastric cancer cases). We defined 12 variable factors such as sex, age, tumor location, gross type, histologic type, depth of invasion, status of lymph node metastasis, tumor size, DNA ploidy pattem, stage, operation type, and resection type for prognostic factor and analyzed them. RESULTS: Overall five year survival rate was 89.6% and ten year survival rate was 82.0%. The trend of annual incidence in recent nine years showed steady increase from 13.1% in 1988 to 25.7% in 1996. Survival showed no significant correlation with sex, age, tumor location, gross type, histologic type, tumor size, DNA ploidy, resection type. According to univariate analysis, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, stage had statistically significant association with prognosis. Among them, lymph node metastasis had an inde- pendent and predominant impact on survival according to multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Early gastric cancer appears to show steady increase of annual incidence, and lymph node metastasis appears to be closely related to the prognosis.
DNA ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate