PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the relationships between knowledge about osteoporosis, outcome expectations for exercise, and self-efficacy for exercise in older women with osteoporosis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants were 148 women aged 60 years and older who were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences in knowledge about osteoporosis were found in age, education level, household income, type of household, chronic disease, medication, alcohol consumption, and perceived health status. Statistically significant differences in outcome expectations for exercise were observed in age, education level, household income, type of household, chronic disease, medication, body mass index, and perceived health status. Statistically significant differences in self-efficacy for exercise were observed in age, household income, chronic disease, and medication. In addition, it was found that knowledge of osteoporosis and self-efficacy for exercise were positively correlated with outcome expectations for exercise. CONCLUSION Based on this study, the development of a physical activity program is necessary by considering knowledge about osteoporosis, outcome expectation for exercise, and self-efficacy for exercise.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate osteoporosis prevalence and factors influencing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among older Korean women with osteoporosis. METHODS: The study design was a retrospective study using secondary data analysis. Data for 1,355 women aged 65 and older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2015 to 2016 were included. Linear regression analysis was conducted for influential factors on HRQoL, measured by the Euro Quality of Life-5D (EQ-5D). RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis was 41.3% in older Korean women. The EQ-5D index score was lower in older women with osteoporosis (0.83) than those without osteoporosis (0.86). Lower HRQoL in older Korean women with osteoporosis was associated with lower household income, perceived health status as bad, comorbidity, activity restriction, and stress. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the prevalence of osteoporosis was high in older Korean women. In addition, healthcare professionals need to consider individual conditions such as economic status, perceived health status, other chronic diseases, activity restriction and level of stress for improvement of HRQoL in older Korean women with osteoporosis.
Chronic Disease ; Comorbidity ; Delivery of Health Care ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Linear Models ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Osteoporosis* ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life* ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUND: Severe or massive postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) has remained a leading cause of maternal mortality for decades across the world and it results in critical obstetric complications. Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) has emerged as a gold standard adjunctive hemostatic agent for the treatment of life-threatening PPH refractory to conventional therapies although it remains off-licensed for use in PPH. We studied the effects of rFVIIa on coagulopathy, transfusion volume, prognosis, severity change in Korean PPH patients. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records between December 2008 and March 2011 indicating use of rFVIIa in severe PPH was performed. We compared age, rFVIIa treatment, transfusion volume, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the time of arrival in the emergency department and after 24 hours for patients whose SOFA score was 8 points or higher. RESULTS: Fifteen women with SOFA score of 8 and above participated in this study and eight received rFVIIa administration whereas seven did not. Patients' mean age was 31.7 ± 7.5 years. There was no statistically significant difference in initial and post-24 hours SOFA scores between patients administered rFVIIa or not. The change in SOFA score between initial presentation and after 24 hours was significantly reduced after rFVIIa administration (P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis aimed to support that the administration of rFVIIa can reduce the severity of life-threatening PPH in patients. A rapid decision regarding the administration of rFVIIa is needed for a more favorable outcome in severe PPH patients for whom there is no effective standard treatment.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Factor VIIa* ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Death ; Maternal Mortality ; Medical Records ; Organ Dysfunction Scores ; Postpartum Hemorrhage* ; Postpartum Period* ; Prognosis ; Recombinant Proteins ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the effects of organizational culture for the infection control and self-efficacy on compliance with standard precautions of emergency room nurses. METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 1st July to 3rd August, 2017. The participants were 200 nurses working in emergency rooms. The data was collected using structured self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: The average scores for the organizational culture for infection control, self-efficacy and compliance with standard precautions were 5.54, 3.65, and 4.31, respectively. The organizational culture for infection control (r=.59, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=.28, p<.001) were found to have a positive, meaningful correlation with compliance with the standard precautions. Multiple regression analysis showed that compliance with standard precautions was significantly affected by the organizational culture for infection control (β=0.55, p<.001) and self-efficacy (β=0.13, p=.033). CONCLUSION: The results for this study indicate that the organizational culture for infection control and self-efficacy were highly influential factors affecting compliance with standard precautions of emergency room nurses. Therefore, in order to improve the nurses' use of the standard precautions, it was necessary to develop and evaluate a program that considers the environmental factors and self-efficacy.
Compliance ; Emergencies ; Emergency Nursing ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Infection Control ; Organizational Culture

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to present our thoughts on the medical student evaluation of the courses via online at Konkuk University School of Medicine (KUSM) and to prompt us to improve the course evaluation system. METHODS: Electronic questionnaire for computer-aided course evaluation via online was completed by 93 medical students who attended 32 block lectures at KUSM in 2007. The questionnaire consisted of 21 evaluation items. Frequency analysis of response on the evaluation items was conducted to find out the key features. RESULTS: Evaluation forms for 32 lectures were received from the attendees via online. An average response rate was 63.8%. Among 17 Likert-scaled items, more negative response was observed in class quantity, studying method guidance, lecture note, teaching methods, and relevance of final examination. CONCLUSION: The current course evaluation at KUSM includes more questions that request students to state the overall quality of course modules than the detailed quality or skill of each lecturer. As the objective of the course evaluation is to promote students' learning and to give a feedback to the lecturer, the current consideration on the course evaluation prompted us to reorganize the design of the questionnaire according to the objective.
Educational Measurement ; Electronic Mail ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Humans ; Learning ; Lectures ; Program Evaluation ; Students, Medical ; Teaching ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia and purpura have boon developed by many various agents. Rifampin and Pyrazinamide have been known as bactericidal antituberculous drugs, but, the above side effects have been a problem. Especially, hematologic side effects art fatal to patients occasionally. Rifampin-induced thrombocytopenia and purpura have been well known, also, pyrazinamide-induced thrombocytopenia have been reported. A new quilonone agent Ciprofloxacin, has been commonly used in clinics now, but it's side effects are not known well. So, we report a case of a 23-year-old female with thrombocytopenia and purpura after taking Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, and Ciprofloxacin as antituberculous agents.
Ciprofloxacin* ; Female ; Humans ; Purpura* ; Pyrazinamide* ; Rifampin ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Young Adult

Objective: : Spinal degeneration is a progressive disease, worsening over time. Lumbar degenerative disease (LDD) is a major spinal disease in elderly patients. Surgical treatment is considered for medically intractable patients with LDD and reoperation after primary surgery is not uncommon. The surgical outcome is occasionally unpredictable because of comorbidities. In the present study, the relationship between comorbidities and the incidence of reoperation for LDD over time was determined. Methods: : The claims data of the health insurance national database were used to identify a cohort of patients who underwent spinal surgery for LDD in 2009. The patients were followed up until 2016. Medical comorbidity was assessed according to the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to identify significant differences in sex, surgery, age, causative disease, and comorbidity. Results: : The study cohort included 78241 patients; 10328 patients (13.2%) underwent reoperation during the observation period. The reoperation rate was statistically higher (p<0.01) in males, patients 55–74 years and 65–74 years of age, and patients with decompression or discectomy. Significant association was found between increasing reoperation rate and CCI score (p<0.01). Based on multivariate analysis of comorbidities, the significantly higher reoperation rates were observed in patients with peripheral vascular disease, pulmonary lung disease, peptic ulcer, diabetes, and diabetes complications (p<0.01). Conclusion : The study results indicate the reoperation rate for LDD is associated with patient comorbidities. The comorbidities identified in this study could be helpful in future LDD studies.

We report 3 cases of arachnoid cysts (ACs) that completely disappeared after burr hole drainage, without cyst fenestration into the subarachnoid space or cystoperitoneal shunt. The first patient was a 21-year-old female with an AC of the right cerebral convexity, found incidentally. After endoscopic AC fenestration was performed, the patient complained of persistent headache. Two-month postoperative brain imaging revealed reaccumulated AC and associated multi-stage subdural hematoma. Burr hole drainage was performed to resolve the chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Three months later, brain computed tomography showed that the CSDH and the AC had disappeared. The second patient was an 11-year-old male who had a history of trauma 1 month prior to presentation at the clinic. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an AC in the left sylvian fissure with CSDH. We performed burr hole drainage to treat the CSDH first. Subsequently, the AC as well as the CSDH disappeared. The third case was an AC of the right parietal convexity, found incidentally. Only burr hole drainage was performed, following which, the AC disappeared. This case series shows that an AC can disappear naturally after rupture into the subdural space by trauma or the burr hole procedure.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid ; Brain ; Child ; Drainage ; Female ; Headache ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neuroimaging ; Rabeprazole ; Rupture ; Subarachnoid Space ; Subdural Space ; Trephining ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Angioplasty* ; Budd-Chiari Syndrome* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Stents*

In video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation was considered an optimal method of anesthesia for a long time. However, complications due to general anesthesia and one-lung ventilation have become a problem. In recent years, epidural anesthesia without endotracheal intubation has been attempted in various thoracic surgical procedures with various advantages and disadvantages reported. We compared postoperative pain and prognosis when different anesthesia methods were used in a patient who underwent the same operation twice in the interval of one year. When non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS) underwent under epidural anesthesia, postoperative pain score was lower, adverse events were fewer, and the hospital stay was shorter than that of VATS. The patient also expressed high subjective satisfaction. Like previous studies, the results favored NIVATS under epidural anesthesia. However, greater attention and proficiency are required from the anesthesiologist for proper analgesia and sedation.