Dislocations of the toes are comparatively rare. The majority of the these injuries occur in the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. Dislocations of the interphalangeal joint of the great toes are extremely unusual, especially interphalangeal dislocation of the grcat toe with interposition of a sesamoid bone is extremely rare. Authors wishes to report two cases of interphalangeal dislocation of the great toe with interposition of the interphalangeal sesamoid.
Dislocations ; Joints ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; Sesamoid Bones ; Toes

It is well known that the early diagnosis and treatment are very important for the patient with ankle instability to provide a favorable occupational function through the whole life. Therefore, to evaluate the result of treatment of lateral ankle instability, we analyzed the 10 cases with 3.1 years follow-up period who were treated at the Orthpaedic department, National police Hospital, from January, 1980 to December, 1986. The results were as follows : l. Among the 10 patients, 4 patients were female, 6 patients were male and all patients were required operative procedures. 2. The aversge age was 21.3 years ranging from 18 years to 24 years and average follow-up period was 3.1 yesrs ranging from 6 months to 7 years. 3. In occupstional distribution, volley ball players were 4 patients, soccer players were 2, combat police were 3, student was 1 snd athletes were 6 patients (60%) among the 10 patients. 4. In the method of treatment, surgical treatment by Evans or Watson-Jones reconstructive procedure was used for 10 pstients. 5. The results of treatment were Excellent in 6 patients (60%), Good in 2 (20%) and Poor in 2(20%) by author's rating system. 6. The most common complication was the degenerative arthritis.
Ankle ; Athletes ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Osteoarthritis ; Police ; Soccer ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatic pathology of HBx transgenic mice. METHODS: The gross and histological examinations were done in 125 HBx transgenic mice and 34 non-transgenic littermates. RESULTS: The incidence of a hepatic tumor was in-creased in the HBx transgenic mice older than 7 months and the overall incidence of a hepatic tumor was 62.2% (51/82) in the 13-18 months group of the HBx transgenic mice. The size of the hepatic tumor was 2.06+/-.92 mm in the 7-12 months group and 4.94+/-.05 mm in the 13-18 months group of HBx transgenic mice. All hepatic tumors were hepatocellular carcinomas and the histological patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma were either solid (84.2%, 48/57) or trabecular (15.8%, 9/57). Dysplastic changes in the hepatocytes were evident in 59.2% (74/125) of the HBx transgenic mice. There was lymphocyte infiltration, necrosis, fatty metamorphosis in both the dysplastic and tumor areas of the HBx transgenic mice. Vascular ectasia was identified in the tumor area of the HBx transgenic mice. CONCLUSIONS: The pathological findings of the HBx transgenic mice were dysplastic changes in the hepatocytes and development of a hepatocellular carcinoma associated with lymphocyte infiltration, necrosis, fatty metamorphosis in the dysplastic area and tumor area of the HBx transgenic mice.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatocytes ; Incidence ; Liver* ; Lymphocytes ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic* ; Necrosis ; Pathology