Sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocations are considered a very uncommon, and type of injury where if esophagus or airway injury occurs behind the clavicle, it poses a high risk to the patient. In addition, if epiphyseal fracture occurs as a result of the sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocation, surgical treatment is often required. However, in the absence of a complete ossification of the clavicle, it is difficult to differentiate between a simple dislocation and epiphyseal fracture-dislocation solely based on simple radiographs or computed tomography scans. In this case report, the authors present a case in which a sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocation was diagnosed in a 14-year-old male athlete. The case report discusses how the posterior dislocation without epiphyseal fracture was diagnosed using an ultrasound and subsequently treated with successful outcomes using manual reduction. The case report presents our findings along with discussion that includes a literature review of relevant research.
Adolescent* ; Athletes ; Clavicle ; Dislocations* ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Male ; Sternoclavicular Joint* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Mycobacterium bovis*

PURPOSE: We report clinical and radiologic outcomes after metacarpal extension osteotomy for mild osteoarthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1999 to 2008, 11 patients were diagnosed with mild thumb carpometacarpal arthritis (Eaton stage I, II), and extension osteotomies were performed. Of these, seven patients with at least 6 years follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Male to female ratio was 2:5, and mean age at time of surgery was 38.9 years old. Symptom onset period was a mean of 11.2 months. Two patients were I, and five patients were II in Eaton stage. Preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand scale (DASH) scores were 3.7 points (3-4 points), and 40.1 points (32-51 points). Radial abduction was 38.5degrees (30degrees-45degrees), and volar abduction was 42.1degrees (40degrees-45degrees). Grip strengths and pinch powers, compared with the normal contralateral side were 82% (64%-90%) and 72% (40%-100%), respectively. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 8.5 years, and all patients except one maintained their occupational activity during the follow-up period. Final VAS and DASH scores were 0.7 points (0-2 points) and 11.7 points (8-16 points), respectively, and were statistically significant. Volar abduction, grip strengths, and pinch power were improved to 45degrees (40degrees-50degrees), 92.3% (73%-117%), and 94.4% (75%-117%) with statistical significances. In five patients, Eaton stages did not change, and two patients advanced to the next stage (stage I to II in one patient, stage II to III in one patient). CONCLUSION: Among the various treatment options for mild thumb carpometacarpal arthritis, metacarpal extension osteotomy may be considered as an effective treatment.
Arm ; Arthritis* ; Carpometacarpal Joints ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteotomy* ; Retrospective Studies* ; Shoulder ; Thumb*

This study explored the differences of clinical response, plasma homovanllic acid concentration, haloperidol and reduced haloperidol concentration after 4 weeks haloperidol treatment between higher and lower baseline homovanllic acid concentration groups of schizophrenic patients. After a 2-weeks washout period, they entered the 4 week haloperidol treatment period. The psychopathology was assessed at baseline just before haloperidol trial and then at 1, 2, 4 week using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS). Also the measurement of plasma homovanillic acid(HVA), haloperidol(HP) and reduced haloperidol(RHP) levels were assessed with high performance liquid chromatography at the same time of PANSS assessments. There were no significant differences on the positive, negative, general symptom score of PANSS, haloperidol and reduced haloperidol levels at the end of 4-week between higher plasma HVA group(bsaeline pHVA> or =12.69ng/ml, 10 subjects) and lower plasma HVA group(bsaeline pHVA<12.69ng/ml, 9 subjects). In higher group, the treatment response mainly occured in 2 weeks after treatment, but in lower group, that occured therough 4 weeks. And in higher group, pHVA decresed constantly, but in lower group, pHVA did not changed in 4 weeks. There was significant correlation between plasma haloperidol levels and the clinical improvement(persentile improvement of PANSS positive, general symptom, total score) at the end of 4 week. But no significant correlation were found between plasma reduced haloperidol and RHP/HP ratio and clinical improvement. These results suggest that baseline HVA level is not a valuable therapeutic predictor but it is able to suggest that higher baseline pHVA group and lower group may have different pathophysiology.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Haloperidol ; Homovanillic Acid* ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Psychopathology

No abstract available.
Adult ; Fingers ; Humans

Purpose: This study used a mixed methods research design in an attempt to verify the effects of robot-assisted rehabilitation on the gait ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia, and thereby further understand the benefits and challenges of stroke patients’ experiences relying on robot-assisted rehabilitation. Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed methods study design was used in order to combine both quantitative and qualitative data. For the quantitative data collection, a total of 30 stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited from one rehabilitation hospital. Qualitative data were collected through individual interviews using semi-structured questionnaires for a group of 15 patients who were currently undergoing robot-assisted rehabilitation. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results: As a result of the quantitative analysis, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of daily living activity patterns, total number of steps, and average walking speed. As a result of the qualitative analysis, the four main themes derived consisted of, ‘curiosity about the usage of robot-assisted rehabilitation,’ ‘pleasure experienced while using the robots,’ ‘insufficient information about robots,’ and ‘a lack of education about robot-assisted rehabilitation.’ Conclusions Robot-assisted rehabilitation had a significant effect on the walking ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Additionally, stroke patients with hemiplegia experienced difficulty during the course of their robot-assisted rehabilitation, due to a lack of sufficient information on correct usage techniques. These quantitative and qualitative findings could provide the basic foundation for the development of an educational program on robot-assisted rehabilitation.

From January 1988 to December 1991, 39 fractures of the lateral condyle of humerus in children were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sung-Ac General Hospital. It was possible to follow up from one year to four years and eleven months. The authors have analyzed the method of treatment on the basis of the degree of displacement in the change of Carrying angle and Baumann's angle. The results were as follows; 1. Of the 39 cases, the age incidence was confined to 2 to 12 years of age and the average age of the patients were 5 years. 2. Most fractures were Milch type II (29 cases) in contrast to Milch type I (10 cases). 3. According to the initial displacement of the fracture, 8 cases were Jokob's stage I, 21 cases of stage II & 10 cases of stage III. 4. There were no significant difference in the range of change of Carrying angle and Baumann's angle according to initial displacement of fracture site. However, significant difference in outcome were noticed from open reduction and internal fixation in comparison to closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. 5. In all 39 cases, lateral condylar overgrowth (10 cases), cubitus varus (1 cases) and cubitus valgus (3 cases) were noticed as complications but clinical significance was not noted. 6. The above results suggest that internal fixation is recommended for firm fixation although displacement is not severe. In case of Jakob's stage III, anatomical reduction is required in order to reduce additional damage on articular surface and epiphyseal plate caused by excessive manipulation.
Child ; Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Growth Plate ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Methods

Congenital fibrosarcoma of neonate is a very rare malignant tumor prone to behave aggressively with a tendency to local recurrence without metastasis. It is characteristically composed of collagenous fibroblasts and herringbone pattern in histology. We experienced a case of congenital fibrosarcoma on the left thigh and report this case with some review in literature with 1½ year follow up.
Collagen ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosarcoma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Thigh

Sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocations are considered a very uncommon, and type of injury where if esophagus or airway injury occurs behind the clavicle, it poses a high risk to the patient. In addition, if epiphyseal fracture occurs as a result of the sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocation, surgical treatment is often required. However, in the absence of a complete ossification of the clavicle, it is difficult to differentiate between a simple dislocation and epiphyseal fracture-dislocation solely based on simple radiographs or computed tomography scans. In this case report, the authors present a case in which a sternoclavicular joint posterior dislocation was diagnosed in a 14-year-old male athlete. The case report discusses how the posterior dislocation without epiphyseal fracture was diagnosed using an ultrasound and subsequently treated with successful outcomes using manual reduction. The case report presents our findings along with discussion that includes a literature review of relevant research.
Adolescent ; Athletes ; Clavicle ; Dislocations ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Male ; Sternoclavicular Joint ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: As a result of the extensive changes in burn care over the last few decades, including prevention of infection, burn survival has greatly increased. However, infection is still one of the main causes of death in severe burn cases, despite the progression in intensive care. But no recent comprehensive survey of infection has been carried out. OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study of bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolates from a burn unit was carried out to provide burn care to plan future steps to reduce further the incidence of sepsis. METHODS: A retrospective review of burn wound infection in 623 patients treated in the burn center at the Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, over a 2-year period (1998 - 2000) was carried out. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: From wound cultures, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most commonly isolated (24.7%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.8%), Acinetobacter baumannii (14.5%), Enterococcus faecium (10.4%), Enterococcus faecalis (9.1%), coagulase negative staphylococcus (7.7%), Escherichia coli (6.6%), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (5.3%), Klebsiella spp. (3.9%), Candida (3.2%), Serratia marcescens (2.9%), and Proteus spp. (2.1%). The most common isolate from blood cultures was Staphylococcus aureus (39.9%) followed by Enterococcus faecium (17.2%), coagulase negative staphylococcus (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.5%), Enterococcus faecalis (4.7%), Candida (3.7%), Acinetobacter baumannii (3.7%), Serratia marcescens (3.5%), Enterobacter aerogens (2.8%), and Enterobacter cloaca (2.8%). The concordance rate of the results of the wound culture and blood culture was 96.0% in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 51.3% in the Staphylococcus aureus, 16.7% in the Enterococcus faecalis, 10.5% in the coagulase negative staphylococcus. Vancomycin and teicoplanin were effective in 100% of gram-positive organism. The drugs effective in gram-negative organism were cefepime, aztreonam, imipenem, piperacillin+tazobactam, ticarcillin+clavulanic acid, and amikacin.
Acinetobacter baumannii ; Amikacin ; Aztreonam ; Burn Units ; Burns* ; Candida ; Cause of Death ; Cloaca ; Coagulase ; Enterobacter ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Enterococcus faecium ; Escherichia coli ; Heart ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Incidence ; Critical Care ; Klebsiella ; Proteus ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Serratia marcescens ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus ; Teicoplanin ; Vancomycin ; Wound Infection ; Wounds and Injuries