No abstract available.
Erythema*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Scleroderma, Localized*

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Scleroderma, Localized*

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris* ; Pityriasis*

Trichoepithelioma (TE) is a benign lesion that arises from hair follicles. Solitary TE occurs mainly on the face in young adults. Various previous reports have described the localization of this disorder, but there have been no reported cases with presentation on the toe. Histopathologically, TE shares characteristic features with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), so immunohistochemical stains are required for the differential diagnosis. Therefore, we report the first case of TE occurring on the toe, confirmed with immunohistochemial differentiation.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Toes* ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) help reduce the recurrence rate after the curative treatment of hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib has been shown to improve survival of advanced HCC patients. Whether antiviral therapy with NAs could help such patients is unknown. Our aim is to investigate the usefulness of antiviral therapy for advanced-stage HCC treated with sorafenib. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study in advanced-stage HCC patients treated with sorafenib between June 2007 and December 2013. Patients in group A (the non-antiviral therapy group) were treated with sorafenib alone. Those in group B (the antiviral therapy group) were treated with sorafenib and NAs. Progression-free survival (PS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: Finally, 23 patients in group A and 40 patients in group B were enrolled in the study. The mean number of days of treatment with sorafenib was 79 (34-231) days and 96 (33-449) days for group A and B, respectively (P=0.286). The mean PS of group A and B was 97 (14-449) days and 51 (0-461) days, respectively (P=0.068). The OS was 154 (44-741) days in group A and 138 (30-1,025) days in group B (P=0.665). PS and OS showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that there was no significant survival gain of using antiviral therapy in patients with advanced-stage HCC treated with sorafenib. In consideration of cost-effectiveness, antiviral therapy may be not mandatory.
Antiviral Agents* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cohort Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Thyroid dysfunction (TD) is more likely to occur in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and is particularly associated with interferon (IFN) treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, outcomes, and risk factors for TD during pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) combined therapy in patients with CHC. METHODS: A total of 242 euthyroid patients with CHC treated with PEG-IFN/RBV were included. Thyroid function and autoantibodies were measured at baseline, and virologic response and thyroid function were assessed every 3 months during therapy. RESULTS: TD developed in 67 patients (27.7%) during the PEG-IFN/RBV treatment. The types of TD were subclinical hypothyroidism (50.7%), hypothyroidism (14.9%), thyroiditis (11.9%), subclinical hyperthyroidism (10.4%), and hyperthyroidism (10.4%). Most of the patients with TD recovered spontaneously; however, seven patients (10.4%) needed thyroid treatment. The sustained virological response rate was higher in patients with TD than those without (65.7% vs. 49.1%, p = 0.02). Baseline thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96 to 8.77; p < 0.001), presence of the thyroid peroxidase antibody (OR, 8.81; 95% CI, 1.74 to 44.6; p = 0.009), and PEG-IFNalpha-2b (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.43 to 6.39; p = 0.004) were independent risk factors for the development of TD. CONCLUSIONS: TD developed in 27.7% of patients with CHC during PEG-IFN/RBV treatment, and 10.4% of these patients needed thyroid treatment. TD is associated with a favorable virologic response to PEG-IFN/RBV. Assessment of TSH and thyroid autoantibodies at baseline and close monitoring of thyroid function during PEG-IFN/RBV therapy are necessary for early detection and management of IFN-induced TD.
Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents/*adverse effects ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Biomarkers/blood ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interferon-alpha/*adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols/*adverse effects ; Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribavirin/*adverse effects ; Thyroid Diseases/*chemically induced/diagnosis/epidemiology/immunology/physiopathology ; Thyroid Gland/*drug effects/immunology/physiopathology ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

In published article by Li et al., an author's name was misspelled.

PURPOSE: To determine the value of high resolution ultrasonography (US) for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in the HBx transgenic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two HBx transgenic mice aged 8-20 (mean, 14) months underwent high-resolution ultrasound using a 10 -12 MHz linear transducer. US findings indicating the presence or absence, number, size and echogenicity of each hepatic tumor were analyzed, and inaddition, color or power Doppler US was used to analyse tumoral vascularity. In each animal, sacrificed less than five hours after US examination, sonographic and pathologic findings were correlated. RESULT: On gross pathologic examination, 20 hepatocellular carcinomas measuring 1.5 -15 (mean, 4.7) mm in diameter were found in 16 mice; US revealed that 17 of the tumors were homogeneous hypoechoic nodules. With regard to tumor detection, sensitivity was 85%, specificity 96%, positive predictive value 0.944, negative predictive value 0.897, and overall accuracy 90%. Doppler US revealed that in three nodules, intratumoral vessels were present. Inthe other 26 mice, gross examination showed that no mass was present; microscopically, however, four nodules measuring 0.3 -1.2 mm were found in four of these animals. Tumoral vascularity detected by color Doppler US corresponded to the intratumoral vessel within the nodules. One peritoneal nodule, confirmed as a metastatic tumor, was found at the greater omentum. CONCLUSION: In HBx transgenic mice, high-resolution US is valuable for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Liver Neoplasms ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic* ; Omentum ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography