No Abstract Available.
Brucella abortus* ; Brucella* ; Immunity, Humoral* ; Jeju-do* ; Recombinant Proteins*

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hazardous drinking (HD) and its association with sociodemographic factors, smoking, social anxiety, self-esteem, and ego-resiliency in medical students. Methods: A total of 408 medical students were included in this study. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire, and HD was assessed by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). The HD and non-HD group were defined using the AUDIT score 10 for male and 6 for female as a cut-off, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors, smoking, social anxiety, self-esteem, and ego-resiliency on HD. Results: A total of 192 participants (47.1%) were identified as having HD. Frequency of smoking and the severity of social anxiety were significantly higher in HD group than non-HD group. Meanwhile, the levels of self-esteem and egoresiliency were significantly lower than HD group than non-HD group. In multiple logistic regression, smoking was associated with a higher risk of HD, whereas ego-resiliency and age were associated with a lower risk of HD. Compared to the high level of subjective socioeconomic status, both middle and low level were associated with a lower risk of HD. Conclusions HD among medical students was quite common and associated with smoking, ego-resiliency, age, and level of subjective socioeconomic status. Strong efforts to improve smoking cessation and ego-resiliency, as well as education for HD in medical schools, is needed to reduce the harmful effects of alcohol.

Acute cerebral infarctions are rare in children, however, they can occur as a complication of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection due to direct invasion, vasculitis, or a hypercoagulable state. We report on the case of a 5-year-old boy who had an extensive stroke in multiple cerebrovascular territories 10 days after the diagnosis of MP infection. Based on the suspicion that the cerebral infarction was associated with a macrolide-resistant MP infection, the patient was treated with levofloxacin, methyl-prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and enoxaparin. Despite this medical management, cerebral vascular narrowing progressed and a decompressive craniectomy became necessary for the patient's survival. According to laboratory tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical manifestations, the cerebral infarction in this case appeared to be due to the combined effects of hypercoagulability and cytokineinduced vascular inflammation.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Diagnosis ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation ; Levofloxacin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Stroke ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy

Orbital varix is a relatively rare disease that causes exophthalmos due to increase of cerebral venous pressure. We experienced a forty-two-year-old male patient, who complained of intermittent exophthalmos and blurred vision. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestation and various radiologic studies including computed tomography(CT), venography, and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). MRI is a useful and safe diagnostic study through which we could observe the orbital varix and assess the relationship between the varix and the orbital structure. In this case, the varix is huge and attached to superior rectus muscle. There being many surgical risks, he has been followed up without surgical treatment and educated to modify the life pattern for prevention of increase of carotid venous presure.
Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Orbit* ; Phlebography ; Rare Diseases ; Varicose Veins* ; Venous Pressure

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a lifetime prevalence of approximately 2-3%. Until relatively recently, effective treatments for OCD were lacking. Fortunately, over the past decades, the availability of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and behavioral treatments using exposure-response prevention techniques has altered the outlook for patients suffering from OCD. But, treating OCD with medication still requires a blend of science and art. SRIs provide clinically significant relief to most patients, but they are not effective in all patients. Because significant number of patient with OCD do not respond to adequate trials of SRIs, other treatment options such as augmentation, switching, combination, or neurosurgical and device-based approaches may be needed. In this paper, the first-line treatment options and several alternative treatment options for OCD were reviewed. Finally, we reviewed several treatment guidelines and algorithm for OCD introduced previously by other researchers. We have a plan to develop Korean treatment algorithm for OCD based on expert's opinions. Also, we hope to use this algorithm for OCD in the clinical setting in near future.
Hope ; Humans ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* ; Prevalence ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

Acute hypoglycemia in children is not an uncommon disease that can be encountered in the Emergency Department. Most cases of childhood hypoglycemia are caused by ketotic hypoglycemia due to missed meals. Often, hypoketotic hypoglycemia can also occur, which suggests hyperinsulinemia or a defect in fatty acid oxidation. Carnitine is essential for long chain fatty acids transfer into mitochondria for oxidation. We present a case of systemic primary carnitine deficiency who presented with seizures due to hypoketotic hypoglycemia.

Acute hypoglycemia in children is not an uncommon disease that can be encountered in the Emergency Department. Most cases of childhood hypoglycemia are caused by ketotic hypoglycemia due to missed meals. Often, hypoketotic hypoglycemia can also occur, which suggests hyperinsulinemia or a defect in fatty acid oxidation. Carnitine is essential for long chain fatty acids transfer into mitochondria for oxidation. We present a case of systemic primary carnitine deficiency who presented with seizures due to hypoketotic hypoglycemia.

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Hydronephrosis*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the shape of the distal femur of Korean women compared with the prostheses currently available in Korea. METHODS: Morphometric data (5 parameters) were measured in 356 resected femurs of Korean women undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) utilizing the LCS knee implant (DePuy). The data were then compared with 5 additional contemporary TKA implant systems. RESULTS: Implant designs based on Caucasian population data do not ideally match the distal femoral morphology of Korean women. Overhang at the anterior mediolateral width was observed in 84.8% for the LCS while a gender-specific implant resulted in undercoverage of the bone in 86%. Posterior overhang was observed in up to 51.2%. Most implant designs have a narrower intercondylar notch than the morphologic data of Korean women. CONCLUSIONS: Since there is some difference between the shape of distal femur of Korean women and that of the implants, surgeons should have this in mind when selecting an implant for a patient. These data may also be used as a guideline for future prosthetic design options for Korean women population.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/*instrumentation/statistics & numerical data ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*statistics & numerical data ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Femur/*anatomy & histology/*surgery ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Design ; Republic of Korea