No Abstract Available.
Brucella abortus* ; Brucella* ; Immunity, Humoral* ; Jeju-do* ; Recombinant Proteins*

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hazardous drinking (HD) and its association with sociodemographic factors, smoking, social anxiety, self-esteem, and ego-resiliency in medical students. Methods: A total of 408 medical students were included in this study. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire, and HD was assessed by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). The HD and non-HD group were defined using the AUDIT score 10 for male and 6 for female as a cut-off, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors, smoking, social anxiety, self-esteem, and ego-resiliency on HD. Results: A total of 192 participants (47.1%) were identified as having HD. Frequency of smoking and the severity of social anxiety were significantly higher in HD group than non-HD group. Meanwhile, the levels of self-esteem and egoresiliency were significantly lower than HD group than non-HD group. In multiple logistic regression, smoking was associated with a higher risk of HD, whereas ego-resiliency and age were associated with a lower risk of HD. Compared to the high level of subjective socioeconomic status, both middle and low level were associated with a lower risk of HD. Conclusions HD among medical students was quite common and associated with smoking, ego-resiliency, age, and level of subjective socioeconomic status. Strong efforts to improve smoking cessation and ego-resiliency, as well as education for HD in medical schools, is needed to reduce the harmful effects of alcohol.

Acute cerebral infarctions are rare in children, however, they can occur as a complication of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection due to direct invasion, vasculitis, or a hypercoagulable state. We report on the case of a 5-year-old boy who had an extensive stroke in multiple cerebrovascular territories 10 days after the diagnosis of MP infection. Based on the suspicion that the cerebral infarction was associated with a macrolide-resistant MP infection, the patient was treated with levofloxacin, methyl-prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and enoxaparin. Despite this medical management, cerebral vascular narrowing progressed and a decompressive craniectomy became necessary for the patient's survival. According to laboratory tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical manifestations, the cerebral infarction in this case appeared to be due to the combined effects of hypercoagulability and cytokineinduced vascular inflammation.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Diagnosis ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation ; Levofloxacin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Stroke ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis

Orbital varix is a relatively rare disease that causes exophthalmos due to increase of cerebral venous pressure. We experienced a forty-two-year-old male patient, who complained of intermittent exophthalmos and blurred vision. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestation and various radiologic studies including computed tomography(CT), venography, and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). MRI is a useful and safe diagnostic study through which we could observe the orbital varix and assess the relationship between the varix and the orbital structure. In this case, the varix is huge and attached to superior rectus muscle. There being many surgical risks, he has been followed up without surgical treatment and educated to modify the life pattern for prevention of increase of carotid venous presure.
Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Orbit* ; Phlebography ; Rare Diseases ; Varicose Veins* ; Venous Pressure

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Hydronephrosis*

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a lifetime prevalence of approximately 2-3%. Until relatively recently, effective treatments for OCD were lacking. Fortunately, over the past decades, the availability of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and behavioral treatments using exposure-response prevention techniques has altered the outlook for patients suffering from OCD. But, treating OCD with medication still requires a blend of science and art. SRIs provide clinically significant relief to most patients, but they are not effective in all patients. Because significant number of patient with OCD do not respond to adequate trials of SRIs, other treatment options such as augmentation, switching, combination, or neurosurgical and device-based approaches may be needed. In this paper, the first-line treatment options and several alternative treatment options for OCD were reviewed. Finally, we reviewed several treatment guidelines and algorithm for OCD introduced previously by other researchers. We have a plan to develop Korean treatment algorithm for OCD based on expert's opinions. Also, we hope to use this algorithm for OCD in the clinical setting in near future.
Hope ; Humans ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* ; Prevalence ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the analytical performance of Barozen H (i-SENS Inc., Korea), a new glucometer equipped with networking function for medical institutions, according to the ISO 15197:2003 and ISO/DIS 15197:2011 guidelines. METHODS: We measured the precision of 10 Barozen H glucometers, in terms of repeatability and intermediate precision, and determined their accuracy relative to that of automatic chemistry analyzer AU5421 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Three other glucometers-Precision PCx (Abbott, USA), Glucocard Sigma (Arkray, Japan), and SureStep Flexx (Johnson & Johnson, USA) were also evaluated, and their accuracies and hematocrit interferences were compared. RESULTS: The standard deviation and coefficient of variation of Barozen H for repeatability and intermediate precision were 0.11-0.15 mmol/L and 2.3-3.6%, respectively. With respect to accuracy, in accordance with ISO 15197:2003 criteria, Barozen H yielded 98.0% of results within +/-0.83 mmol/L or +/-20%. Further, per the ISO/DIS 15197:2011 criteria, 95.2% of results were within +/-0.83 mmol/L or +/-15%; Barozen H was the only glucometer satisfying the more stringent ISO/DIS 15197:2011 criteria. Error grid analysis showed that all results from Barozen H were in zone A, indicating its excellent clinical accuracy. Hematocrit, ranging from 20% to 60% did not cause any significant interference. CONCLUSIONS: Barozen H showed excellent analytical performance, and it was the most clinically accurate glucometer tested. It can be expected to provide reliable results satisfying ISO/DIS 15197:2011 as well as ISO 15197:2003 criteria.
Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Blood Glucose* ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glucose Oxidase ; Hematocrit ; Point-of-Care Systems

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the analytical performance of Barozen H (i-SENS Inc., Korea), a new glucometer equipped with networking function for medical institutions, according to the ISO 15197:2003 and ISO/DIS 15197:2011 guidelines. METHODS: We measured the precision of 10 Barozen H glucometers, in terms of repeatability and intermediate precision, and determined their accuracy relative to that of automatic chemistry analyzer AU5421 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Three other glucometers-Precision PCx (Abbott, USA), Glucocard Sigma (Arkray, Japan), and SureStep Flexx (Johnson & Johnson, USA) were also evaluated, and their accuracies and hematocrit interferences were compared. RESULTS: The standard deviation and coefficient of variation of Barozen H for repeatability and intermediate precision were 0.11-0.15 mmol/L and 2.3-3.6%, respectively. With respect to accuracy, in accordance with ISO 15197:2003 criteria, Barozen H yielded 98.0% of results within +/-0.83 mmol/L or +/-20%. Further, per the ISO/DIS 15197:2011 criteria, 95.2% of results were within +/-0.83 mmol/L or +/-15%; Barozen H was the only glucometer satisfying the more stringent ISO/DIS 15197:2011 criteria. Error grid analysis showed that all results from Barozen H were in zone A, indicating its excellent clinical accuracy. Hematocrit, ranging from 20% to 60% did not cause any significant interference. CONCLUSIONS: Barozen H showed excellent analytical performance, and it was the most clinically accurate glucometer tested. It can be expected to provide reliable results satisfying ISO/DIS 15197:2011 as well as ISO 15197:2003 criteria.
Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Blood Glucose* ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glucose Oxidase ; Hematocrit ; Point-of-Care Systems

This study was carried out to reveal the epidemiologic characteristics of psoriasis in Korea. Seventeen university hospitals were engaged in this study, and the results were as follows : 1. The number of psoriasis patients during the 10 years from January 1977 to March 1987 was 1.05% of all the outpatients; the male to female-ratio was 1.08:1. 2. In the prospective study, the number of psoriasis patients was 2.3% of all the outpatients in 1987, 2.8% of all the outpatients in 1988 and the male to female ratio was 1.26:1. 3. The most prevalent age of onset was 20-29 years ; 81.1% were living in urban areas; and a family history was obtainable in 19.8% with parents holding the highest rank of 7.8%. 4. The most frequent duration of disease activity was under 5 years in 63.3%; the most common age for the worst condition was 20-29 yrs. The most common area size of skin involvement at the peak of the worst condition was less than 10%. 5. The most common initiating skin lesion began on the scalp in 20.2%, on the nail in 17.2%, pruritus in 63.0% with joint symptoms in 10.8%, and Koebner phenomena in 50.6%. 6. Emotional stress was the most common aggravating factor in 34.4%. The method of treatment that attained the best result was the combination therapy of oral medication and a topical agent. The best treatment modality was said to be the application of ointment with p.o.medication by as many as 28.4% of patients who took the leading rank. Photo-chemotherapy, effective with few complications, was not used much as it was not well-known in Korea until after 1980. Most people had an accurate knowledge of psoriasis.
Age of Onset ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Joints ; Korea ; Male ; Methods ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Prospective Studies ; Pruritus ; Psoriasis* ; Scalp ; Skin ; Stress, Psychological