The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of methylphenidate on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the comorbidity of the disorder, using child attention problem checklist to .56 (male : 38, female : 18) patients from. March 992 to February 1993. The results were as follows: Among 56 subjects, ADHD alone were 20 (335.71%) subjects, and with one additional diagnosis were 31 (55.35%) subjects and with two additional diagnosis were 5 (8.93%) subjects. There was significant improvement on symptoms in the scores rated by teachers in 7th and 28th day after mentylphenidate administration compared to baseline score (P<0.05) and 28th day score showed significant improvement compared to. 7th day score (P<0.05) and 28th day score showed significant improvement compared to 7th day score (P<0.05). There was significant improvment on symptoms in the scores rated by parents in 28th day after methylphenidate administration improvement compared with 7th day score. In single administration of methylphenidate in Sunday morning score compared to afternoon score (P<0.05). In the administration of significant improvement on symptoms compared with the Sunday morning rating score of parents (P<0.05) and the 28th day comparison was also showed significant improvement on symptoms in the scores rated by teachers compared with the scores rated by parents on symptoms (P<0.05). Among group comparison, all groups showed significant improvements (P<0.05) except conduct disorder & oppositional defiant group.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Checklist ; Child ; Comorbidity* ; Conduct Disorder ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Methylphenidate* ; Parents

No abstract available.
Autistic Disorder*

To evaluate the simplicity and efficacy of the 7-symptom screen test for somatization disorder, the authors tried 7-symptom screen test to find out the easiness in diagnosing the somatization disorder and to evaluate the simplicity and efficacy of it from Mar 1991 to Feb 1992. The objects were 135 female outpatients who visited Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University. The results were as follows; The discriminant index was over 3.0 for all 7 symptoms and two item accuracy was 89% (sensitivity 99%, specificity 77%), three item accuracy was 87% (sensitivity 83%, specificity 90%). In discriminant analysis, the cut off score for the criteria of somatization disorder was 87% when three or more symptoms were checked for 7-symptoms. This result means that 7-symptom screen test is the simple and accurate method for screening and diagnosing the somatization disorder.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Methods ; Outpatients ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Somatoform Disorders

The purpose of this study is the present the short rerm result of arthroscopic reconstruction for PCL injury. Since January l990, authors have implanted the synthetic polyester ligament (ABC ligament, Surgicraft, U.K) into the substance of ruptured PCL proper under arthroscopic control. The follow up period ranged from 24 months to 61 months (average,35months). The main cause of injuries were traffic accidents in 38. Thirtyfive of patient were men and three were women, range in age from 18 to 70 years (average, 37 years). 18 were acute injury and operated at average 12 days after injury and 20 knee were chronic injury and operated at average 9 months after injury. There were 25 case that had combined ligament injuries (l2 ACL injury, ]0 MCL injury, 8 LCL injury elc). In 15 knees, the tear was in the mid substance area and in 13 it was near femoral attach site and in lO it was near tibial attach site. Postoperative result were evaluated by roentgenographic evaluation of posterior sagging, KT-20 (0 arthrometer and Lysholm knee score. Difference were improved from 12.5 mm (mean: pre.op) to 3.8m (mean: post.op) on posterior drawer test. Both knee showedminimal difference on KT-20N) study (2.l mm on 201b) at the time of follow up. The average Lysholm knee score were 84.7. By Clancy criteria, the result were exceflent 9 case (24%), good in 20 case (53%), fair in 7 case (18'Po) and failui e in 2 case (5%). On based of this study, arthroscopic augmentation with ABC ligament in PCL injury is very effective treatment but more longer follow-up and more case must he needed to accept this method.
Accidents, Traffic ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments* ; Male ; Polyesters* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

In 1970, Boutine introduced a alumina ceramic for cemented total hip replacement . A ceramic articulation thought to be superior to metal on polyethylene due to its extremely low coefficient of friction and its potential for resistance to wear. Mechanical failure of ceramic femoral head is rare. We report a case of fracture of ceramic femoral head, which occured after implantation of uncemented total hip replacement.
Aluminum Oxide ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Ceramics* ; Friction ; Head* ; Polyethylene

No abstract available.
Education, Medical*

The use of communication media suitable for the audience and message is important in conducting effective family planning IEC activities. This study 'intended to assess differential effects of various media used by the Korean program on rural women's family planning knowledge, attitude, and practice. Data for the study were collected originally for the study of family planning mothers' clubs by the School of Public Health, Seoul National University in 1973. The sample was drawn according to the principle usually employed in obtaining a small sample from a large area. Initially, a sample of 25 Gun's was selected from a total of 138 Gun's by systematic random sampling on the basis of the list of number of mother's clubs in each Gun. Secondly, from each of these primary units(Gun) selected, two second stage units(Myon) were drawn by a systematic random sampling method based on the list of the number of Li's -in each Myon. Finally, a sample of nine Li's was drawn by a simple random sampling method from each Myon selected in the second stage sampling. In this way, a total of 450 Li's, 18 Li's from each of 25 Gun's, were selected. In one of thess 18 Li's of each Gun, all the married women with a living husband, up to age 49, were interviewed. out of 1.052 women interviewed, 145 women were naturally sterile or beyond menopause, and were excluded from thib study. Thus, the analytical population consists of 90 fecundable wives, including those with tubal ligation. A series of analyses were made to examine the relationships between family planning status and selected socio-demographic and communication variables. The family planning status was measured by three indicators, one for each of family planning knowledge, attitude, and practice. The variable for family planning knowledge was created by classifying the respondents into two groups: 1) those who professed to know in detail at least one contraceptive method out of a total of five, including the loop, oral pill, vasectomy, condom, and rhythm, and 2) those who had no professed knowledge about any method. The variable for family planning attitude was dichotomized into those who had favorable attitude toward at least one method among the same list of five, and those who did not have a favorable attitude toward any method. Contraceptive status was classified into two categories of current users and non-users. The independent variables, applied to explain the family planning status, include four sociode-mographie variables and six communication variables. The socio-demographic variables are age, education, number of living children and sons, and ideal number of sons. Communication variables are frequency of exposure to family planning messages through each of the following channels: radio and/or TV, newspaper and/or magazine, 'Happy Home' and/or leaflet, public meeting and/or lecture, family planning worker, and neighbor. Major findings obtained from the analysis are summarized as follows: 1. It was observed that about 33% of the eligible women did not want to have additional children but were not practicing contraception(pong-eem). About half of these women were ever-users and the other half were never-users. They have at least perceived the need for family planning, and thus, should be a primary target population for family planning IEC activities. 2. Socio-demographic variables showed a'closer association with practice than with knowledge or attitude. 3. The communication variables affected family planning status over and above the effects of the socio-demographic variables. When the communication variables were added to the socio-demographic variables as independent variables in the multiple classification analysis, the explained variance was increased by 6.3% in knowledge, 8.7% in attitude, and 4.3% in practice. This also suggests that the communication variables exert larger effects on knowledge and attitude than on practice. Family planning adoption decisions may be influenced by many other factors as well as by family planning knowledge and attitude. 4. The Beta-coefficient was computed for each of the independent variables in multiple classification analysis. Among the media considered in this study, 1) neighborhood communication, radio and/or TV, and 'Happy Home' and/or leaflet had significant effect on family planning knowledge:2) public meetings and/or lecture, radio and/or TV, and neighborhood communication had significant effect on family planning attitude: and 3) radio and/or TV, Happy Home and/or leaflet, and home visit had significant effect on family planning practice. Although program media, neighborhood communication, and radio and/or TV appeared to be more effective than other media, no definite pattern emerged. In the interpretation of these data, however, it should be remembered tha t the frequency of contact varies with the media. 5. When women were exposed to family planning messages more frequently, they tended to have more detailed knowledge about, and more favorable attitudes toward family planning, and were more likely to he practicing family planning. 6. Media behavior differed with age and educational level. It was found that the younger the women and the higher their educational level, the more frequently they were exposed to family planning messages through radio, TV, or printed materials. On the other hand, the older the women and the lower their educational level, the more frequently they were exposed to family planning messages through meetings, home visits, and neighborhood communication. This implies that the audiences' characteristics, such as age and educational level, should be taken into account in the selection of appropriate media.
Child ; Condoms ; Contraception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Family Planning Services* ; Female ; Hand ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; House Calls ; Humans ; Menopause ; Mothers ; Newspapers ; Periodicals as Topic ; Public Health ; Residence Characteristics ; Seoul ; Spouses ; Statistics as Topic ; Sterilization, Tubal ; Vasectomy ; Periodicals

To evaluate the relationship between eating behavior and neurotic trait in middle school students, the authors applied eating scale, Middlesex Hospital Puestionaire and Zung's self-reting depression scale to 419 middle school students(male : 187, female : 232) in Taegu city in 1993. There was no significant relationship between weight devided groups. Female middle school students showed significant high scores(p<0.05) in all scales compared to male middle school students. The correlation between eating scale and the other two scales showed significant correlationship(p<0.05) Among psychosocial factors, the items related to dissatisfaction to present and future self image(each p<0.05, p<0.05), dissatisfaction to present environmental status(p<0.05) and dissatisfaction to future attitude showed significant high score in both sex. The item related to dissatisfaction to present interpersonal relationship (p<0.05) showed significant high score in male middle school students. The items related to eat consumption rate of 61-90% (p<0.05), unsatisfied to relationship with family(p<0.05), unsatisfied to childhood family atmosphere(p<0.05), unsatisfied to past self image(p<0.05) and unsatisfied to present relationship between parent(p<0.05) showed significant high score.
Adolescent* ; Daegu ; Depression ; Eating* ; Feeding Behavior* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychology ; Weights and Measures

No Abstract Available.
Allografts* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction* ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Tendons*

We studied 600 normal lower extremities of Korean students of elementary school in order to establish normal values for the rotational profile and to define any differences between ethnic groups. Rotational profile examined at this study included medial and lateral rotation of the hip and thighfoot angle. The mean value of medial rotation of the hip was 48 degrees with a range of 35 to 64 degrees in male subjects, and 50 degrees with a range of 35 to 60 degrees in female subjects. The mean value of lateral rotation of the hip was 57 degrees with a range of 43 to 75 degrees, and 53 degrees with a range of 40 to 72 degrees in female subjects. Unlike medial rotation, lateral rotation of the hip was greater in male than in female subjects by a mean difference of 4 degrees(T-test, p<0.05). The mean value of thigh-foot angle was 10 degrees with a range of -2 to 23 degrees in male subjects, and 12 degrees with a range of 0 to 21 degrees in female subjects. The total range of hip rotation was slightly greater in Korean than in Caucasians or in Chinese, but, to conclude this, more large study by the same methods will be needed in other areas of Korea.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Lower Extremity* ; Male ; Reference Values