The superior volume maintenance of membranous over endochondral bone grafts, which was shown in several studies has provided the basis for its preferred clinical use as an onlay grafting material on the craniofacial skeleton. The scientific rationale for this seeming embryological advantage, however, has never been proven, Since the cortical component of membranous bone is proportionally greater than that of endochondral bone, it follows that membranous grafts would show greater volume maintenance over time. Our hypothesis is that the pattern of onlay bone graft resorption is primarily determined by a graft's micro-architecture (relative cortical and cancellous composition) rather than its embryololgical origin(membranous versus endochondral). Fourty adult New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study. There were 8 animals in each of 4 groups. The rabbits of each group were sacrificed at 3, 8, and 16 weeks. Four types of grafts were placed subperosteally, onto each rabbit's cranium: a hydroxyapatite, a cortical bone graft of membranous origin, a cortical bone graft of endochondral origin and a cancellous bone graft of endochondral origin. Membranous bone grafts were obtained from the lateral mandible and endochondral bone grafts were obtained from the ileum. In order to determine post-sacrifice volume and density of the bone grafts, a caliper technique and bone densitometry(bone densitometer: LUNAR, DPX-L, U.S.A.) were performed on all of the bone grafts. Bone graft specimens were histologically examined at 3, 8, and 16 weeks.The measurement of volume and density show that there is a statistically greater resumption in the cancellous endochondral bone grafts for all parameter, compared to either the endochondral or membranous cortical bone grafts or hydroxyapatite at all time points(p< 0.05). In addition, there is no significant difference in the resorption rates between the endochondral and membranous cortical bone grafts for all parameters at all time points. By placing cortical bone grafts and cancellous bone grafts on the recipient sites separately, we have shown that the former grafts maintain their volumes, widths and projections significantly better than the latter grafts. Futhermore, we found no statistical difference in resorption rates between the two cortical bone grafts of different embryologic origins, a finding which has never been previously shown. Bone volume fraction, measured with bone densitometry, was shown to be higher in cortical bone than in cancellous bone at all time points, further illustrating the differences between cortical and cancellous bone.From our results, we believe cortical bone to be a superior onlay-graftiong material, independent of its embryololgic origin.
Adult ; Animals ; Biological Factors* ; Densitometry ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Ileum ; Inlays* ; Mandible ; Rabbits ; Skeleton* ; Skull ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural model on the Nursing Task Performance of Hospital Nurses. METHODS: Data collection was done by the 200 hospital nurses from May 1st to May 20th, 2013 in Seoul city. The sample variance-covariance matrix was analyzed using AMOS 19.0 and the maximum likelihood minimization function. The goodness of fit was evaluated using the SRMR, RMSEA and its 90% confidence interval, CFI, and TLI. RESULTS: First, hospital nurses' organizational justice and empowerment was not found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. Second, organizational justice and empowerment had a direct effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Third, organizational commitment was found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. Forth, hospital nurses' empowerment was found to have a significant direct effect on nursing task performance. CONCLUSION: Nurses' nursing task performance was influenced by organizational justice, empowerment, and organizational commitment. In order to increase the degree of nursing task performance in hospital nurse, it is necessary to develop the nursing program and its application considering hospital nurses' organizational justice and empowerment and organizational commitment.
Data Collection ; Job Satisfaction* ; Models, Structural ; Negotiating* ; Nursing* ; Power (Psychology)* ; Seoul ; Social Justice* ; Task Performance and Analysis*

No Abstract Available.
Brucella abortus* ; Brucella* ; Immunity, Humoral* ; Jeju-do* ; Recombinant Proteins*

Spontaneous testicular hemorrhagic necrosis is a rare disease usually associated with testicular torsion. Partially involved and suspicious testis tumor cases are also defined from orchiectomy specimens. Herein, a spontaneous hemorrhagic necrosis, without any testicular torsion, but with involvement of the whole testicle and epididymis, is reported. A 21 year old patient, who presented with a painless left testicular enlargement of several days duration was believed, based on physical examination, ultrasonography and elevation of serum LDH, to have a testicular tumor. Diagnosis was made only after radical orchiectomy and histopathological examination.
Diagnosis ; Epididymis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis* ; Orchiectomy ; Physical Examination ; Rare Diseases ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis* ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Optic disc harmatoma is usually seen in tuberous sclerosis patients, but, it may be seen in otherwise normal people. Visual acuity is usually not affected by this lesion. METHODS: We experienced a 40-year-old woman with optic disc hamartoma who presented with acute visual defect. With oral triamcinolone 48mg/day, her visions recovered to normal in 2 weeks. RESULTS: Her age, symptom, and course of disease supported the diagnosis of optic neuritis. CONCLUSION: We report this patient as a case of optic disc hamartoma combined with optic neuritis.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Optic Neuritis* ; Triamcinolone ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Visual Acuity

A 68-year-old female had slightly elevated, dusky erythematous nodules on the right infraorbital and the right temple area. Topical, intralesional corticosteroids and oral antihistamines provided temporary but incomplete improvement. Follow up biopsy, four months after the first visit revealed a tiny gold acupuncture needle lodged at the center of the nodule. Subsequent skull series revealed seven more linear radiopaque densities on the corresponding sites to the skin nodules. A patch test and an intradermal test with gold chloride showed strongly positive reactions. Removal of the embedded needles led to disappearance of the cutaneous nodules and itching sensation in seven days.
Acupuncture* ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Intradermal Tests ; Needles* ; Patch Tests ; Pruritus ; Sensation ; Skin ; Skull

Spontaneous rupture of subcapsular liver hematoma in pregnancy is rare but potential life threatening complication of preeclampsia. We experienced a case of spontaneous rupture of subcapsular hematoma of liver that was treated with conservative method. So, we present the case with a brief review of literatures as first report in Korea.
Hematoma* ; Korea ; Liver* ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy* ; Rupture, Spontaneous

Renal angiomyolipomas are uncommon benign neoplasms. From April 1990 to June 1993, 10 patients with angiomyolipoma were followed clinically to determine the clinical course of angiomyolipoma. Average age of patient was 50 years( range 24 to 75) and of the patients 80% were women, 10% had tuberous sclerosis and the average size of the renal mass was 9.l x 6cm ( range 2x1.5 to 13.8 x 9.1). Clinically the most common presenting complaint was abdominal/ flank pain and of the patients 40% were spontaneous rupture, 2 cases had hemorrhagic shock. The diagnosis and size was determined on the basis of ultrasonography/CT findings. Of 10 patients, 1 patient was observed, 3 patients were managed with nephrectomy and 6 patients were managed with embolization. 10 patients were followed for an average 28 months( range of 12 to 50) by serial radiological imaging and clinical examination. The followup ultrasonography and/or CT scans were compared to the initial studies with respect to hemorrhage, or change in size or composition of the tumor. One patient was managed with observation, symptoms developed and tumor size increased 35 months later. 3 patients were free of disease for 20 to 50 months after nephrectomy. 5 of 6 patients managed with embolization, a radiological examination performed after the embolization demonstrated the original mass had liquefied and decrease in mass size. But 1 patient did not change in size and composition. These results demonstrate the selective embolization is an effective method as the primary therapy for control of hemorrhagic or symptomatic angiomyolipomas because of its parenchymal-sparing nature.
Angiomyolipoma* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Rupture, Spontaneous ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Ultrasonography

Primula obconica which contains the potcnt sensitizer, primin, is a common cause of allergic contact dermatitis among gardeners and florists, yet a case of primula dermatitis has not been reported in current Korean dermatologic literature to our knowledge. We report a case of a 60-year-old female patient presented with features of allergic contact dermatitis due to P. obconica. A patch test revealed positive reactions to crushed extracts of flowers of P. obconica.
Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Female ; Flowers ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Patch Tests ; Primula*

Forty cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast were examined immunohistochemically for expression of TGF-beta and angiogenesis in order to analyze significant correlation with prognostic parameters including tumor size, axillary lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, histologic grade, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. The TGF-beta expression was observed in tumors center and advancing edges of tumors. To determine microvessel density for angiogenesis, we stained endothelial cells for Factor VIII related antigen and counted microvessel within tumor. The results were as follows: 1) The strong immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta and higher counts of microvessels were observed in advancing edges of tumors (p<0.05). 2) The TGF-beta expression in the advancing edges of tumors was closely related to clinical stage and presence of axillary lymph node metastasis (p<0.05). 3) The mean microvessel counts were significantly higher in tumors from patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and increased with increasing clinical stage (p<0.05). 4) The TGF-beta expression was not related to histologic grade, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status(p>0.05). Therefore, the results suggested that the TGF-beta expression and angiogenesis in infiltrating duct carcinoma of the breast may play an important part in prognostic factors, closely related to the lymph node metastasis and clinical stage.
Neoplasm Metastasis