Neurilemmomas of the trachea are extremely rare. The most common site of them is the distal third of the trachea and the age of the patients at presentation varied from 6 to 78 years old. They usually have a freqeuntly very long natural history, causing symptoms only after they have attained a considerable size. We experienced a case of near-total obstruction of the trachea by an intraluminal sessile neurilemmoma. The patient was a 66-year-old man with 2-year history of progressive exertional dyspnea and had several episodes of pneumonitis associated with productive cough. Grossly, the tumor was a well-circumscribed mass. Microscopically, typical cellular Antoni A and myxoid Antoni B areas were revealed.
Aged ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Natural History ; Neurilemmoma* ; Pneumonia ; Trachea

To evaluate the clinical and histopathological significance of the proliferative activity in neoplastic and non-neoplastic thyroid lesions, we analyzed the mitotic count and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index (PCNA-LI) by immunohistochemistry as the proliferation- related markers. In this study included were surgically removed normal thyroid tissue (27 cases), adenomatous goiter (15 cases), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (5 cases), follicular adenoma (13 cases), follicular carcinoma (7 cases), papillary carcinoma (44 cases), poorly differentiated carcinoma (2 cases) and undifferentiated carcinoma (3 cases). The median PCNA-LI was 0 in normal thyroid tissue, 0.5 in adenomatous goiter, 6.2 in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 1.2 in follicular adenoma, 4.8 in follicular carcinoma, 8.5 in papillary carcinoma, 60.8 in poorly differentiated carcinoma, and 55.2 in undifferentiated carcinoma (p=0.0001). Although PCNA-LI was exceptionally high in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, it was suggested that PCNA-LI could be used as a marker differentiating benign lesions from malignant neoplasm. Also, it could differentiate follicular adenoma from follicular carcinoma. Except clinical stage (p=0.0397), PCNA-LI was not related with sex, size, histologic subtype, and lymph node metastasis in papillary carcinoma. The presence of mitosis differentiated the neoplastic thyroid lesions from the non-neoplastic lesions (p<0.05), however, it could not divide benign and malignant neoplasm. These results suggest that an evaluation of the proliferative activity can help to differentiate the thyroid lesions. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the value of PCNA-LI and the presence of mitosis. It can be recommended to evaluate both the mitotic count and the PCNA-LI for determining the proliferative activity of the thyroid lesions.
Adenoma ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Goiter ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis

No abstract available.
Mediastinum*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mucous Membrane* ; Rats*

Managing wounds outside of hospital settings can be challenging due to limited knowledge, resources, and financial constraints. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of using tap water and a commercial soap-based cleanser for wound care in outpatient settings. This prospective study enrolled 15 patients with open or surgical wounds. Participants used a commercial soap containing surfactants (decyl glucoside, sodium C14- 16 olefin sulfate) and tap water to cleanse their wounds. Exclusion criteria included severe systemic illnesses, uncontrolled diabetes, and immunosuppression. We monitored wound healing, infection rates, and complications over a 2-week period. The study examined wounds of various origins: surgical (n=9), traumatic (n=4), and infection-related (n=2). All wounds healed completely within 2 weeks, with no instances of infection, dehiscence, or delayed healing observed. These findings indicate that a straightforward soap-and-water cleansing regimen is both safe and effective for wound management. This study demonstrates that using tap water and commercial soap is a cost-effective and reliable strategy for wound management outside hospital settings. This approach has the potential to simplify wound care practices and reduce barriers to treatment, particularly in resource-limited environments.

Managing wounds outside of hospital settings can be challenging due to limited knowledge, resources, and financial constraints. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of using tap water and a commercial soap-based cleanser for wound care in outpatient settings. This prospective study enrolled 15 patients with open or surgical wounds. Participants used a commercial soap containing surfactants (decyl glucoside, sodium C14- 16 olefin sulfate) and tap water to cleanse their wounds. Exclusion criteria included severe systemic illnesses, uncontrolled diabetes, and immunosuppression. We monitored wound healing, infection rates, and complications over a 2-week period. The study examined wounds of various origins: surgical (n=9), traumatic (n=4), and infection-related (n=2). All wounds healed completely within 2 weeks, with no instances of infection, dehiscence, or delayed healing observed. These findings indicate that a straightforward soap-and-water cleansing regimen is both safe and effective for wound management. This study demonstrates that using tap water and commercial soap is a cost-effective and reliable strategy for wound management outside hospital settings. This approach has the potential to simplify wound care practices and reduce barriers to treatment, particularly in resource-limited environments.

Managing wounds outside of hospital settings can be challenging due to limited knowledge, resources, and financial constraints. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of using tap water and a commercial soap-based cleanser for wound care in outpatient settings. This prospective study enrolled 15 patients with open or surgical wounds. Participants used a commercial soap containing surfactants (decyl glucoside, sodium C14- 16 olefin sulfate) and tap water to cleanse their wounds. Exclusion criteria included severe systemic illnesses, uncontrolled diabetes, and immunosuppression. We monitored wound healing, infection rates, and complications over a 2-week period. The study examined wounds of various origins: surgical (n=9), traumatic (n=4), and infection-related (n=2). All wounds healed completely within 2 weeks, with no instances of infection, dehiscence, or delayed healing observed. These findings indicate that a straightforward soap-and-water cleansing regimen is both safe and effective for wound management. This study demonstrates that using tap water and commercial soap is a cost-effective and reliable strategy for wound management outside hospital settings. This approach has the potential to simplify wound care practices and reduce barriers to treatment, particularly in resource-limited environments.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary thromboembolism is relatively frequent and potentially fatal. However, it is commonly misdiagnosed. The incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism is not decreasing despite advances in diagnosis and effective prophylatic measures. Its potential for significant sequela necessitates a prompt diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, there are many difficulties and problems regarding accurate diagnosis. There is a low prevalence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism in Korea and only few reports on this subject are available. METHOD: The clinical features of 36 patients, who were diagnosed with pulmonary thromboembolism at the Korea University medical center, were reviewed. RESULTS: 1) There was no significant difference in prevalence between men an women, and the mean age was 50.9 years in men 59.2 years in women. 2) The frequent causes of pulmonary thromboembolism were malignancies (22.2%), surgery (22.2%), and heart disease(8.2%). Specific causes were not identified in 33.3%. 3) The most common symptom was dyspnea(72.2%), and the most common sign was tachypnea(61.1%). 4) The EKG findings were normal in 28.6%, and S1Q3T3 pulmonale pattern in 25.7%, ST or QRS changes in others. 5) The chest X-ray findings indicated pulmonary infiltation in 37.5%, cardiomegaly in 15.6%, pleural effusion in 12.5%, and normal in 27.8%. The perfusion lung scan showed a high probability in 66.7%, and intermediate or low probability in 33.3%. 6) The pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP) in the high probability groups was 57.9mmHg with a higher mortality rate(35%). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary thromboembolism is not uncommon in Korea and its clinical features do not differ greatly from those reported in the literature. When pulmonary thromboemblism of unknown causes are diagnosed, a search for an occult malignancy is recommended. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are achieved when thromboemblism is suspected.
Academic Medical Centers ; Cardiomegaly ; Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Male ; Mortality ; Perfusion ; Pleural Effusion ; Prevalence ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Thorax ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Venous Thrombosis

A 5-year-old boy developed painful erythematous indurated patch at vertex that rapidly progressed to central necrotic ulceration with peripheral granulation after chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cultures at the lesion sites demonstrated a fungus, Aspergillus niger, as the etiologic agent. No evidence of involvement of other organs or of systemic dissemination by Aspergillus niger was found. Surgical debridement was performed and the patient received treatment with intravenous Amphotericine B followed by oral itraconazole. No evidence of recurrent fungal infection was noted during several months of follow-up.
Amphotericin B ; Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus niger ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Debridement ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fungi ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Skin ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: Many young children suffer from wheezing illness during infancy, and some of them experience wheezing frequently and develop bronchial asthma ultimately. It is not clear whether the level of exposure to allergens in the environment is a significant risk factor for asthma in this clinical setting. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of level of exposure to house dust mites on the development of asthma after early childhood wheezing. METHODS: Asthmatic children(n=21) and nonasthmatic children(n=19) with the past history of wheezing illness during the first three years of age were recruited. Samples of house dusts were collected from the bedclothes in their bedrooms. We measured the amount of group I allergens from Dermatophagoides spp., Der f I and Der p I in house dusts by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: In asthmatic and nonasthmatic groups, the level of Der f I was higher than that of Der p I, although the difference was not statistically significant. The level of Der f I was 4.32 microgram/gm of dust(geometric mean; range of 1 SD : 0.61-30.48) in asthmatic group and 3.72 microgram/gm(0.50-27.42) in nonasthmatic group. The level of Der p I was 2.22 microgram/gm(0.33-14.96) in asthmatic group and 2.07 microgram/gm(0.31-13.77) in nonasthmatic group. The difference between the two groups was not significant for both allergens. When the total subjects were divided into atopic(n=21) and nonatopic(n=19) groups, there was significant difference in neither Der f I nor Der p I level between atopic and nonatopic groups. CONCLUSION: Although personal atopy is important in the development of asthma after early childhood wheezing, the level of exposure to allergens in the environment may not be a significant risk factor for the development of asthma in this clinical setting.
Allergens ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Asthma* ; Child ; Dust* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Pyroglyphidae* ; Respiratory Sounds* ; Risk Factors